Intraoperative Floppy Iris Syndrome in patients on alpha 1 blocker tamsulosin: incidence and predictability

Background: Intraoperative Floppy Iris Syndrome (IFIS) was first described by Chang and Campbell in year 2005 in male patients undergoing phacoemulsification surgery who were on Tamsulosin, an alpha 1 blocker drug for their urinary symptoms for enlarged prostate. This condition was characterized by excessive floppiness of iris, prolapse of iris tissue through phaco and sideport incisions and progressive intraoperative miosis, resulting in increased surgical time and various major surgical complications compromising visual outcome.Methods: This study of 78 patients was undertaken to know the incidence and severity of IFIS as well as to predict its occurrence by observing maximum pupil dilation achieved preoperatively.Results: It was observed that majority of patients on tamsulosin dilated poorly and severe IFIS occurred in those with pupil dilation of 5 mm or less after putting mydriatic eye drops preoperatively.Conclusions: It was concluded that if IFIS was predicted and necessary precautions taken, postoperative complications can be reduced significantly with improved visual outcome

Relationship between phyto-chemicals in Mentha piperita and their Antibacterial Activity

A plant with as diverse a role as Peppermint leaves is a versatile resource for all forms of life. The plant extracts have active compounds in the form of alkaloids, glycosides, lactones and steroids. All these active compounds have immunomodulatory and physiological roles of different types, thereby demonstrating the diverse versatility of the plant. Studies need to be conducted with aspects of how the active compounds actually interact with the living systems and affects the structure-function relationships Aqueous extract of Peppermint leaves were extracted by aqueous method. In the qualitative phytochemical testing presence of various secondary metabolites were found in aqueous extract of Peppermint leaves were Alkaloid, Flavonoids, Tannins and Saponin. In the quantitative analysis carbohydrate was found in) Peppermint leaves sugar conc. is found (470 μg/ml). Antimicrobial activity was also quite good, in Peppermint leaves respectively against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The study demonstrates that the Mentha piperita contains the presence of different bioactive compounds having the potential as herbal drug

Robust broad spectral photodetection (UV-NIR) and ultra high responsivity investigated in nanosheets and nanowires of Bi2Te3 under harsh nano-milling conditions

Due to miniaturization of device dimensions, the next generations photodetector based devices are expected to be fabricated from robust nanostructured materials. Hence there is an utmost requirement of investigating exotic optoelectronic properties of nanodevices fabricated from new novel materials and testing their performances at harsh conditions. The recent advances on 2D layered materials indicate exciting progress on broad spectral photodetection (BSP) but still there is a great demand for fabricating ultra-high performance photodetectors made from single material sensing broad electromagnetic spectrum since the detection range 325 nm to 1550 nm is not covered by the conventional Si or InGaAs photodetectors. Alternatively, Bi2Te3 is a layered material, possesses exciting optoelectronic, thermoelectric, plasmonics properties. Here we report robust photoconductivity measurements on Bi2Te3 nanosheets and nanowires demonstrating BSP from UV to NIR. The nanosheets of Bi2Te3 show the best ultra-high photoresponsivity (~74 A/W at 1550 nm ). Further these nanosheets when transform into nanowires using harsh FIB milling conditions exhibit about one order enhancement in the photoresponsivity without affecting the performance of the device even after 4 months of storage at ambient conditions. An ultra-high photoresponsivity and BSP indicate exciting robust nature of topological insulator based nanodevices for optoelectronic applications.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figure

Organic and inorganic fertilizers influence biomass production and esculin content in Cichorium intybus L.

Cichorium intybus L. is a promising and potent industrial medicinal herb but the relatively low content of esculin and unavailability of mass scale propagation protocol are major impediments for the commercial production of the drug. The enhancement in the yield of esculin is hence, highly desirable, which can be achieved by adequate and judicious supply of plants nutrients or by adopting more expensive and complex protocol of biotechnology. The field experiment was designed in random plots to study the effect of organic manure (20 tonnes ha-1) and chemical fertilizers (N240, P120, K100, S80, kg ha−1; Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium and Sulphur, respectively) on the accumulation of esculin and biomass in various plant parts through the various developmental stages, rosette, bolting, pre-flowering, flowering and post-flowering of C. intybus. Esculin yield from dried leaves increased significantly at flowering stage in the plants treated with N80+100+60 + P120 + K100 +   S 20+40+20 (31.71% and 111.22 %) when compared with control. Yield of dry leaf biomass ranged between 628.15 to 986.07 kg ha−1 at flowering stage in various treatments

Exploring possibilities of enhancing water use efficiency in potato: A review

Climate change threatens the global agriculture sustainability. Among different kinds of abiotic stresses, water stress is the most devastating component which curtails potato crop productivity. Our recent knowledge is limited concerning water stress tolerance and water use efficiency in potato. Many efforts are being made by the scientific community to reduce water use and to produce “more crop per drop”. This review elaborates quantitative and qualitative aspects of multiple stress mechanisms and their regulating system related to present scenario of water use efficiency (WUE) requirements. WUE can only be improved by using multidisciplinary promising research approaches like molecular breeding, high throughput genotyping, multi-gene transfer and bioinformatics applications to unleash the information needed to exploitation of required traits in potato

MODELING OF AMBIENT FOR SOx AND NOx POLLUTANTS THROUGH ARTIFICAL NEURAL NETWORK IN INDUSTRIAL AREA OF UJJAIN CITY

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was the modeling of ambient air pollutants through ANN in industrial area of Ujjain city in India and the study was carried out on modeling of air pollutants like SOx and NOx, using Artificial Neural Network. The ANN system was run by giving the inputs of meteriological datas and giving the outputs of concentration of various pollutants and accordingly the estimation of Errors was done by this study. The monthly datas in year from 2009 -2012 of meteorological like Temperature, Humidity, wind pressure and rainfall and the pollutants concentration were collected from the State Pollution Control Board. The ANN system used as shown i

Spinal Cord Injury Prevalence and Treatment Modalities

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devasting neurological condition producing physical dependency, morbidity, psychological stress, and financial burden. During the last 30 years, its global prevalence has increased from 236 to 1298 cases per million populations. Two types of spinal cord injury are primary and secondary injury. Primary injury is mechanical damage to the cord itself whereas secondary injury results from one or more biochemical and cellular processes that are triggered by the primary lesion. In 1700 BC, in an Egyptian surgical papyrus, they describe the frustration of health care professionals in treating a severe spinal cord injury, the Papyrus reported spinal fractures as a “disease that should not be treated”. Most of these studies approach a patient with acute spinal cord injury (ASCI) in one of four manners: corrective surgery or a physical, biological, or pharmacological treatment method. Science is unraveling the mechanisms of cell protection and neuroregeneration, but clinically, we only provide supportive care for patients with spinal cord injuries. By combining these treatments, researchers attempt to enhance the functional recovery of patients with spinal cord injuries. Advances in the last decade have allowed us to encourage the development of experimental studies in the field of spinal cord regeneration. The combination of several therapeutic strategies should, at a minimum, allow for partial functional recoveries for these patients, which could improve their quality of life. More studies were done on spinalized animals that indicate that most of these pharmacological agents may act on receptors present in the spinal cord, thus facilitate to produce coordinated locomotor movement, whereas some other drugs used to improve the neuropathological changes caused because of spinal cord injury (SCI), such as spasticity or demyelination, to improve walking