The comparison of subjectivism in idealism with the Suhrawardi's subjectivism

This article aims to compare the subjectivism in the school of idealism with the Suhrawardi's school by using the qualitative research method with the content analysis style and came to the conclusion that idealism which is being considered as a part of existence philosophy is an extremist introspection (subjectivism) that the person abandon the evidences across (through) his/her life without any kinds of mass communication with the external world. This individual sinks in his isolation and the possibility of any connection with the surrounded world id unattainable for him, but Suhrawardi believes in the mind however wisdom is not the only source of knowledge and cognition, he believes in the mysticism in this respect that considers the discovery, intuition and illumination as the most noble and dignified stage of cognition. Suhrawardi called his ontology "Noor-al-Noor" (the absolute light and illumination). Because all objects are appeared with the light so naturally they should be defined by the light (illumination). "Noor-al-Noor" or "the absolute illumination" is the absolute existence, and all creatures have their existence from this source and the existential universe is nothing far from the varying (different) degrees of the lightness and darkness. For this reason, the creatures' hierarchy is depending on their proximity (propinquity) with the "Noor-al-Noor"

Modeling of some pistachio drying characteristics in fix, semi fluid and fluid bed dryer

Modeling of pistachio (cv. Ohadi) drying kinetic was carried out in a thin layer dryer of fix, semi fluid and fluid bed. Initial moisture content of pistachio samples was about 50.3% (d.b.).  Three drying characteristics of effective diffusivity, energy of activation and specific energy consumption were computed and influences of drying parameters were investigated.  Air temperature levels of 45, 60, 75 and 90℃ and bed conditions of fix, semi fluid and fluid bed were applied in these experiments.  Six mathematical models were used to predict the moisture ratio of pistachio samples in thin layer drying. Results showed that the Two-term model had supremacy in prediction of pistachio drying behavior.  Effective moisture diffusivity of pistachio was calculated using Fick’s second law.  Maximum and minimum values of effective moisture diffusivity calculated between 8.60×10-9 m2/sand 1.98×10-9 m2/s, respectively.  The calculated values of energy of activation for pistachio samples were computed between 30.52 kJ/mol and 35.26 kJ/mol for temperature boundary of 45 to 90℃ and bed conditions of fix to fluid bed.  Specific consumption of energy in thin layer drying of pistachio varied between 0.531×106 and 1.447×106 kJ/kg. Increase in air temperature in each bed condition cause decrease inspecific consumption of energy.  These pistachio properties are necessary to design the dryer system and to adjust the dryer in the best point.Keywords: Two-term model, thin layer drying, pistachio, diffusivity, energy&nbsp

Phylogenetic of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli and a typical Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Strains Isolated From Human and Cattle in Kerman, Iran

Background: Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) have emerged as the important zoonotic food-borne pathogens and confrming the risk to public health. Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is a major cause of children diarrhoea in developing countries. E. coli strains can be assigned to four main phylogenetic groups, A, B1, B2 and D. Objectives: The aim of the current study was to analyze the distribution of phylogenetic groups and presence of STEC and atypical EPEC pathotypes in E. coli isolated from human diarrhea and fecal samples of healthy cattle in Kerman, Iran by PCR. Materials and Methods: A total of 188 E. coli isolates were isolated from human diarrheic (94 isolates) and fecal healthy cattle (94 isolates) samples. The isolates were identifed by standard bacteriological tests. The confrmed isolates were examined to detect the phylogenetic groups and a selection of virulence genes including stx1, stx2 and eae by PCR. Results: Phylotyping of isolates from diarrheic human showed that 38.29% belonged to A, 20.21% to B1, 14.89% to B2 and 26.59% to D phylo groups. The isolates of healthy cattle distributed in A (34.04%), B1 (47.88%), B2 (7.44 %) and D (10.64%) phylo-groups. Prevalence of eae gene in human diarrheic isolates was 5.32% (5 isolates), whereas none of the human diarrheic isolates were positive for stx1 and stx2 genes. Among cattle isolates 7.44% (7 isolates) were positive for stx1 gene and 5.32% (5 isolates) possessed eae gene. Of the all isolates examined, none were positive for the stx2 gene. The eae gene were positive for isolates of human diarrhea distributed in A and B2 phylo-groups and isolates possessed stx1 and eae genes from healthy cattle fell into A (4 isolates), B1 (7) and B2 (one isolate). Conclusions: The isolates of human diarrhea samples and fecal healthy cattle were distributed into different phylogenetic groups, which mostly distributed in A and B1 phylo-groups. In addition, results of this study revealed the lower prevalence of SETC and aEPEC in isolates

Determination of phylogenetic background, fimbrial genes, and antibiotic susceptibility of Escherichia coli isolates from urinary tract infections in Bam region, Iran

Phylogenetic analysis have shown that Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains segregate in four main phylogenetic groups A, B1, B2, and D. E. coli fimbriae increase invasive capability of bacteria to renal tissues. The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution of phylogenetic groups/subgroups among fimbrial genes and antibiotic resistance patterns of E. coli isolates from urinary tract infections (UTI), in Bam (southeast of Iran). A total of 122 E. coli isolates from patients with UTI, which were confirmed by biochemical tests, were collected. Antibiotic susceptibility of isolates was examined against six antibiotic agents by disk diffusion method. DNA was extracted and examined for detection of phylogenetic group/subgroups and also for determination of afaI BC, sfa/focDE, and papEF genes using PCR technique. E. coli isolates were distributed in phylogroups A (45.08 %), D (43.45 %), B2 (7.83 %), and B1 (4.09 %). The examined isolates belonged to six phylogenetic subgroups A0 (28.69 %), D2 (24.59 %), D1 (18.85 %), A1 (16.39 %), B2–3 (7.39 %), and B1 (4.09 %). Fimbrial genes were found in 27.85 % of isolates. Phylogroups A and D were more prevalent in antibiotic resistance patterns than other phylogenetic groups. The findings of the current study showed that A and D phylogenetic groups were dominant among our isolates. These results differ with that of other researches in other parts of the world. Further studies are required to clarify the phylogenetic background in Bam area. Antibiotic resistant seems to be a common feature of most E. coli isolates in this area

Identifying Information Retrieval Research Trends Using Author Co-citation Network

AbstractThe aim of this study was mapping, visualizing and determining subject trends in the field of information retrieval using author co-citation network based on articles indexed in Scopus from 2005- 2018. This scientometric study was performed using co-citation analysis. Research population includes all articles indexed in Scopus in the field of information retrieval from 2005 to 2018. Therefore, 35018 papers were retrieved in this field. VOSviewer was used to analyze the author co-citation. The study indicated that a total of 604757 authors were co-cited, 212328 journals were cited. Also highly cited articles and sources were determined. Amongst countries, United States, China, United Kingdom, Germany and Canada ranked one to five, respectively. Computer science was a pioneer with regard to interdisciplinary area in IR. It is noteworthy that visualization of author co-citation in field of IR determined ten clusters, namely knowledge and information science, computer science, electronics, information retrieval, information seeking behavior, psychology, multimedia information retrieval, software engineering, ophthalmology and surgery

Pulses Production Systems in Term of Energy Use Efficiency and Economical Analysis in Iran

Energy analysis of agroecosystems seems to be a promising approach to assess environmental problems and their relations to sustainability. The aim of the present study was to compare bean, lentil, irrigated and dryland chickpea farms in terms of energy efficiency, energy productivity, benefit to cost ratio and the amount of renewable energy use. Data were collected from 18 bean, 27 lentil, 24 irrigated chickpea and 46 dryland chickpea growers, using a face-to-face questionnaire during 2010. The results revealed that the total energy requirement were for bean 23666.8 MJ ha-1, for lentil 14114.79 MJ ha-1, for irrigated chickpea 15756.21 MJ ha-1, and for dryland chickpea 2630.12 MJ ha-1. The average energy input consumed in studied crops including direct, indirect, renewable and non-renewable energies in bean, lentil, irrigated chickpea and dryland chickpea farms were 67%, 33%, 30% and 70%, respectively. Energy use efficiency was 1.81 for bean, 1.79 for lentil, 1.21 for irrigated chickpea and 2.78 for dryland chickpea. The benefit to cost ratios in bean, lentil, irrigated chickpea and dryland chickpea farms were 6.18, 6.15, 3.71 and 8.10, respectively. Based on the results of the present study, dryland chickpea was the most efficient in terms of energy. Between studied irrigated crops, bean was the most efficient both in terms of energy and economical benefit. Keywords: Energy Productivity; Net return; Bean; Chickpea; Lentil JEL Classifications: O13; Q1; Q

High Frequency of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in HIV-Infected Patients and Patients with Thalassemia in Kerman, Iran

This study was conducted on patients with thalassemia and HIV-infected patients to determine the frequency of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in Kerman, Iran. We analyzed 68 and 49 E coli isolates isolated from healthy fecal samples of patients with thalassemia and HIV-infected patients, respectively. The E coli isolates were studied using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction to identify the enterotoxigenic E coli (ETEC), enterohemorrhagic E coli (EHEC), and enteropathogenic E coli (EPEC) groups. Statistical analysis was carried out to determine the correlation of diarrheagenic E coli between HIVinfected patients and patients with thalassemia using Stata 11.2 software. The frequency of having at least 1 diarrheagenic E coli was more common in patients with thalassemia (67.64%) than in HIV-infected patients (57.14%; P ¼ .25), including ETEC (67.64% versus 57.14%), EHEC (33.82% versus 26.53%), and EPEC (19.11% versus 16.32%). The results of this study indicate that ETEC, EHEC, and EPEC pathotypes are widespread among diarrheagenic E coli isolates in patients with thalassemia and HIV-infected patients

Investigation of Epidemiological, Anatomical, and Risk Factors of the Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection, in Mazandaran Heart Center

AbstractBackground: Aortic aneurysm is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases that can lead to numerous challenges for patients. The mortality rate of ruptured Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm (TAA) is observed to be high. In order to reduce this high rate, appropriate methods to diagnose TAA as well as its useful and aggravating factors are to be developed and/or identified. The objective of this study is the evaluation of the thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection, in Mazandaran Heart Center.Method: This cross-sectional study with a census design was performed on all patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection who have undergone aneurysm surgery, from December 2010 to January 2019. Patients’ information was extracted from their medical records archive. SPSS 16.0 was used for statistical analysis.Result: From 53 patients with a thoracic aortic aneurysm, 77.4% were male. The mean age of patients was 59.70±12.07 years. 21 (39.6%) patients were more than or equal to 60 years old, while the remaining 32 (60.4%) were less than 60 years of age. The overall mortality rate was 11.3%. The mean aortic diameter of the patients was 5.42 cm. All patients had type A dissection. In other words, type B was not seen.Conclusion: Given the high prevalence and high mortality rate of thoracic aortic aneurysm, early screening can be beneficial and can increase the survival rate of patients. Laboratory and pathologic findings, along with clinical findings, can be very beneficial in early diagnosis.Keywords: Aneurysm aorta; thoracic aortic aneurysm; aneurysm dissection; risk facto