30 research outputs found

    Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

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    The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

    Fatores causais do grau de limpeza de vacas leiteiras e suas relações com a contagem de células somáticas

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    Os objetivos com este estudo foram descrever como as condições de higiene de vacas leiteiras variam ao longo do tempo e de acordo com as estações do ano; avaliar se as vacas são consistentes para sua higiene corporal; estudar as possíveis relações entre o escore de limpeza e o comportamento das vacas, em particular aqueles relacionados ao uso do espaço e à termorregulação e por fim, avaliar se há relação entre o escore de limpeza e a contagem de células somáticas do leite (CCS). Para isso foram utilizados animais de duas propriedades particulares localizadas no estado de São Paulo. Durante nove meses foi realizada uma avaliação mensal da higiene de todas as vacas em lactação, perfazendo um total de 3554 observações para 545 animais. A higiene foi expressa por meio de um escore de limpeza de quatro pontos (muito limpa, limpa, suja e muito suja). Para avaliar a relação entre o escore de limpeza e o comportamento foram avaliadas categorias comportamentais de postura, posicionamento e atividades dos animais para, no mínimo, 46 vacas em lactação, durante três dias consecutivos nos meses de julho e agosto de 2007 (estação seca) e dezembro de 2007 e janeiro de 2008 (estação chuvosa). Para o estudo da relação entre a higiene e a contagem de células somáticas individual das vacas foi avaliado um total de 2218 dados de CCS para 404 vacas. Foi encontrada variação individual na higiene das vacas, sendo que na estação seca os animais apresentaram-se mais limpos que na estação chuvosa. Apesar da variação, aproximadamente metade das vacas é consistente para a sua higiene, permanecendo maior parte do tempo em uma mesma condição – limpa para a maioria. Foi encontrada associação entre a higiene das vacas e o seu comportamento. Para explicar essa associação as categorias comportamentais podem ser caracterizadas em: comportamentos que determinam a transferência...The aims of this study were to describe the variation on dairy cow’s body hygiene conditions over time and according to the seasons, verify if the cows are consistent for hygiene, to identify the relationship between the cleanliness score and the cow’s behavior, particularly those related to land use and thermoregulation and finally, to associate the cow’s cleanliness score and their milk somatic cell count (SCC). During nine months the body hygiene was accessed for lactating cows from two Brazilians commercial farms, a total of 3554 observations for 545 animals. The hygiene was expressed as a four points cleanliness score. To evaluate the relationship between the cleanliness score and behavior, behavioral categories of posture, positioning and activities were assessed for at least 46 dairy cows in two months of dry season and two of rainy season. The SCC was accessed for 404 cows, a total of 2218 data. Individual variation was found in the cow’s hygiene, and in the dry season the animals maintained cleaner than in the rainy season. Although the variation, approximately half of the cows are consistent for their hygiene - clean for the majority. The body hygiene was associated with the cow’s behavior. To explain this association the behavioral categories can be summarized as: behaviors that determine the directly transfer of dirt to the cows’ body (to lie down in a mud surface), while others behaviors are indirectly related to the transfer of dirty (lie down in a shaded place). In addition the behaviors as rumination and feeding does not determine the direct transfer of dirt to the body, however, these may be indicators of heat tolerance and the individual social ranking in the group, and differences in these characteristics are related to exposure of animals to certain dirty areas. The cleanliness score have effect on SCC (F = 4.85; df = 3; p < 0,01), and good hygiene condition... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP
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