Behavior of some Eggplant Varieties in the Vidra Area - Ilfov

The main purpose of the experiences organized at Research and Development Institute for Vegetable and Flower Growing Vidra was to evaluate the behavior of different cultivars of eggplants in specific soil and climate conditions of the Vidra area and to identify those with high yields, with quality fruits and tolerant to soil borne pathogens attack. In 2016, 12 cultivars of eggplants were studied: 6 non-hybrid varieties (Daniela, Luiza, Dragaica, Zaraza, Belona, Black Beauty) and 6 hybrids (Andra F1, Rebeca F1, Bibo F1, Clorinda F1, Mirabelle F1, Epic F1).The highest yield was achieved in Rebeca F1 and Luiza cultivars. The highest vitamin C content was realized at Rebeca F1, Luiza, and Zaraza cultivars. The Mirabelle F1 hybrid and Black Beauty variety presented a reduced sensitivity to Verticillium dahliae and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae

Is the Tax Burden a Generating Factor of Fiscal Evasion in South-East Europe?

Tax evasion is a pernicious phenomenon, very widespread in the world, which is closely linked to the system of taxes and fees. This is considered to be a response to the excessive fiscal pressure exerted on taxpayers. Bypassing the law is also closely related to the phenomenon of corruption and its removal is a difficult target, under the existing conditions. The main purpose of this paper is to study the influence of corruption and fiscal pressure on the phenomenon of tax evasion, materialized by the shadow economy indicator. The analysis is carried out over a period of 18 years, namely 1999-2016, for six countries of South-Eastern Europe, member states of the European Union, divided into two categories, namely developed and emerging states. The research methodology requires a comparative analysis of existing situations in the research countries. Also, we will use the econometric analysis, with the help of statistical package for social sciences, of the relationship between the underground economy and corruption, as well as the correlation between tax burden exerted by the budget revenues and tax evasion. Being difficult to quantify, the level of shadow economy has been taken from Friedrich Schneider’s studies, through which he measured underground economy in 157 countries over the period 1999-2013; but also in 36 states, between 2003 and 2016. The level of corruption is measured using the corruption perception index at the international level and the tax burden is calculated as the ratio between tax revenue and gross domestic product. Keywords: tax burden, shadow economy, corruption, South-East Europe

Do Fiscal Rules Constrain Fiscal Policy in Romania?

At both macroeconomic and national level, in recent decades, European tax policies have shown a particular interest in addressing the spectrum of risk issues in terms of maturing the business environment and the lack of sustainable development of the economy. In Romania there has been a significant increase in public debt, which is increasingly threatening fiscal sustainability. This is due to fiscal rules that restrict the applicability of fiscal policy to balancing the national economy. However, fiscal policy did not act in the direction of economic recovery during the crisis that started in the last quarter of 2008, which had a negative impact on the Romanian business environment. Objectively, fiscal policy should manifest itself as a general framework of the economy on the basis of which to develop fiscal rules that act in the direction of sustainable development of the business environment and implicitly, of socio-economic life. The research carried out referred to identify how fiscal rules in Romania restrict the application of fiscal policy as well as whether there is an explicit concordance between them. The research methodology aimed to use the ARDL model to apply the Granger causality test, using quarterly data for a set of four indicators, being identified that Romanian fiscal rules restrict fiscal policy. The achieved results highlighted the fact that fiscal rules restrict fiscal policy, being identified a long-run relationship between the analyzed variables and implicitly, a state of instability of the fiscal system in Romania. Keywords: fiscal policy, autoregressive distributed-lagged model, Granger causality test

Numerical analysis of the stress state in a plating floor for a 8000 tdw chemical tanker

The analysis has the purpose to determine the stresses that will occur in the structure un-der unfavorable conditions. Depending on the results, intervention will be made upon the structure to ensure the resistance of the vessel, optimizing of the elements of the framing system in the areas where the maximum allowable stresses are exceeded. The analysis will be performed on a cargo tank, for three static stress cases, the vessel be-ing placed on still water, on sagging and hogging

Pharmaceutical Development of Liposomes Using the QbD Approach

Quality by Design (QbD) is a systematic, risk-based approach to pharmaceutical product and manufacturing development, which uses quality-improving scientific methods upstream in the research, development, and design phases, in order to assure that quality and safety are designed into product at as early stage as possible. This work focuses on the state-of-the-art applications of the QbD principles in the development of liposomes. The QbD approach has recently been proposed as a useful tool to obtain higher-quality liposomal products, as their development is a challenging task, involving intricate formulation and manufacturing processes. Thus, the current strategies to define the relationship between the critical material attributes or process parameters and product critical quality attributes and to establish the design space are overviewed. Additionally, the current characterization methodologies are described, as part of the control strategy required within the QbD paradigm

Behavior of some eggplant cultivars (Solanum melongena L.) at the pathogens attack in greenhouse and field

The experiences organized at RDIVFG. Vidra in 2016 had as main purpose the assessment of different varieties and eggplants hybrids on the specific soil and climate conditions in the Vidra area. Six eggplant cultivars were studied, 3 romanians created at RDIVFG Vidra (Belona, Andra F1 and L (Luiza x Pop Unirea) and 3 foreign (Estelle F1, Sharapova F1 and Madrid F1) in greenhouse and field. There were made assessments regarding the occurrence and evolution of the pathogen attack (Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria solani and Verticillium dahliae) in correlation with the environmental factors, the frequency and severity of the attack on the basis of which it was calculated the degree of attack. Also, observations have been made on the number of fruit per plant, the average fruit weight, yield and fruit quality. Among Romanian cultivars, the best yield was obtained at Andra F1 7.35 kg / sqm in greenhouse and 6.26 kg / sq m in the field. Among the foreign hybrids, have been highlighted Sharapova F1 with 9.04 respectively 7.8 kg / sq m yield and Estelle F1 with 8.44 respectively 6.63 kg / sq m in greenhouse respectively in the field. In greenhouse the average yield was higher with 10.1 t / ha comparatively with the field, and the quality I of yield was higher with 10.4 t / ha. The most sensitive hybrid of Verticillium dahliae (verticillium wilt) is Sharapova F1 (FA = 36.4%; GA = 15.9%), followed by Madrid F1 (FA = 36.4%, GA = 13.6%) and Estelle F1 (FA = 27.3%, GA = 18.2%). Among the varieties / hybrids created at RDIFG Vidra, Belona was not attacked by Verticillium dahliae and Andra F1 showed a low sensitivity