154 research outputs found
The future of translational biomedical research at Nazarbayev University
The ultimate goal of fundamental biomedical research is to decipher mechanisms underlying the
impairment of molecules, cells, tissues, and organs and subsequent dysfunction of the whole human body.
Knowledge of these mechanisms helps discover and develop new approaches in the diagnosis, prevention
and treatment of various diseases. Translational biomedical research enables the application of basic
scientific discoveries to diagnostics, patient care and clinical practice. Thus, translational biomedical
research is a link between fundamental research, clinical research and clinical practice. Transfer of
discoveries from the bench to the bedside is a very complex and time consuming process that includes
pre-clinical studies and several phases of clinical trials, along with the development of clinical guidelines
and protocols, and the eventual implementation of best clinical practices
Development of technology and study of optimized secreted products of stem cells for collaterogenesis
Cell therapy using stem cells is a promising strategy for the treatment of ischemic
diseases, nevertheless low viability of implanted cells, is one of the main problems limiting stem cell
therapy. In addition, there is a risk of proliferation of the transformed cells in mesenchymal stem cells
carrying properties of cancer stem cells. Using conditioned media from stem cells instead of stem cell
themselves avoids the risks that may arise with the direct use of stem cells. Conditioned media from
various stem cells contains a different number of cytokines and growth factors, necessary for the natural
process of new vessel formation
Development of technology and study of optimized secreted products of stem cells for collaterogenesis
Cell therapy using stem cells is a promising strategy for the treatment of ischemic
diseases, nevertheless low viability of implanted cells, is one of the main problems limiting stem cell
therapy. In addition, there is a risk of proliferation of the transformed cells in mesenchymal stem cells
carrying properties of cancer stem cells. Using conditioned media from stem cells instead of stem cell
themselves avoids the risks that may arise with the direct use of stem cells. Conditioned media from
various stem cells contains a different number of cytokines and growth factors, necessary for the natural
process of new vessel formation
Protective effect of peptide vaccination in murine infection with influenza virus
Vaccination is a major tool to protect people from seasonal infections of different
strains of influenza virus that presently infects millions of individuals worldwide. Virus genome is
highly polymorphic, and universal vaccine that protects against permanently changing virus is still
under development. Despite notable differences between humans and rodents in the disease course,
immunobiology and clinical evaluations, murine infectious models remain one of the major tools to test
approaches for influenza vaccine development
Protective effect of peptide vaccination in murine infection with influenza virus
Vaccination is a major tool to protect people from seasonal infections of different
strains of influenza virus that presently infects millions of individuals worldwide. Virus genome is
highly polymorphic, and universal vaccine that protects against permanently changing virus is still
under development. Despite notable differences between humans and rodents in the disease course,
immunobiology and clinical evaluations, murine infectious models remain one of the major tools to test
approaches for influenza vaccine development
Novel avian paramyxovirus isolated from gulls in Caspian seashore in Kazakhstan.
Three isolates APMV/gull/Kazakhstan/5976/2014, APMV/gull/Kazakhstan/ 5977/2014 and APMV/gull/Kazakhstan/5979/2014, were obtained from independent samples during annual surveillance for avian influenza and paramyxoviruses in wild birds from the Caspian Sea coast in Western Kazakhstan, and were initially identified as putative paramyxoviruses on the basis of electron microscopy. Hemagglutination Inhibition Assays with antisera to nine known APMV serotypes (APMV1-9) indicated no relation to any of them. Next generation sequencing of whole genome sequences indicated the three isolates were genetically identical, and had a nucleotide structure typical for all APMVs, consisting of six genes 3'-NP-P-M-F-HN-L-5'. Phylogenetic analyses, and assessment of amino acid identities, suggested the most closely related lineages to be APMV-2, 8, 10 and 15, but the novel isolate had less than 64% identity to them and all other known avian paramyxoviruses. This value was above levels considered to generally define other APMV serotypes. Estimates of the evolutionary divergence of the nucleotide sequences of the genomes of APMVs have shown that novel Kazakhstan APMV strain was closest to APMV-2, APMV-8, APMV-10 and APMV-15, with calculated distance values of 2.057, 2.058, 2.026 and 2.286 respectively, which is above values considered to differentiate other serotypes (observed minimum was 1.108 between APMV-1 and recently isolated APMV/UPO216/Korea). Together, the data suggest that isolate APMV/gull/Kazakhstan/5976/2014 and other two should be considered as the first representative of a novel APMV-20 group, and is the first time that avian paramyxoviruses have been found infecting members of the gull family, extending the known taxonomic host range
The use of modern technologies in the pathology of the nose in the north of Western Siberia
The article describes the incidence of nasal and paranasal sinus in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District,outlines proposals for optimizing treatment to reduce the incidence and expectation of patients requiring routine surgical treatment. Introduced hospital replacing minimally invasive technologies in outpatient settings (endoscopic using of the shaver system, radiosurgical methods), simultaneous operations were introduced. Use of a substitution therapy hospital allowed to reduce waiting times for a planned operation with nasal and paranasal sinusitis for 6 months (from 8 months to 2 weeks), due to an increase in the number of operations 5 times, given the climatic conditions of the North of Western SiberiaΠ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π° Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π½ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°Π·ΡΡ
Π² Π₯Π°Π½ΡΡ-ΠΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³Π΅, ΠΈΠ·Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π² Π°ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ»Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
(ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΡ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ), Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Ρ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°Π·ΡΡ
Π½Π° 6 ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅Π² (Ρ 8 ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅Π² Π΄ΠΎ 2-Ρ
Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ), Π² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ 5 ΡΠ°Π·, ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΈ
Lovastatin Protects against Experimental Plague in Mice
Background: Plague is an ectoparasite-borne deadly infection caused by Yersinia pestis, a bacterium classified among the group A bioterrorism agents. Thousands of deaths are reported every year in some African countries. Tetracyclines and cotrimoxazole are used in the secondary prophylaxis of plague in the case of potential exposure to Y. pestis, but cotrimoxazole-resistant isolates have been reported. There is a need for additional prophylactic measures. We aimed to study the effectiveness of lovastatin, a cholesterol-lowering drug known to alleviate the symptoms of sepsis, for plague prophylaxis in an experimental model. Methodology: Lovastatin dissolved in Endolipide was intraperitoneally administered to mice (20 mg/kg) every day for 6 days prior to a Y. pestis Orientalis biotype challenge. Non-challenged, lovastatin-treated and challenged, untreated mice were also used as control groups in the study. Body weight, physical behavior and death were recorded both prior to infection and for 10 days post-infection. Samples of the blood, lungs and spleen were collected from dead mice for direct microbiological examination, histopathology and culture. The potential antibiotic effect of lovastatin was tested on blood agar plates. Conclusions/Significance: Lovastatin had no in-vitro antibiotic effect against Y. pestis. The difference in the mortality between control mice (11/15; 73.5%) and lovastatin-treated mice (3/15; 20%) was significant (P,0.004; Mantel-Haensze
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