34 research outputs found

    Common allelic variants of the vitamin receptor D gene rs7975232 (Apai) do not influence bone mineral density figures in postmenopausal osteoporotic women

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    Este estudio examina la asociación entre la densidad mineral ósea (DMO) y el polimosfirmo rs7975232 (ApaI) del gen receptor de la vitamina D (VDR). El polimorfismo es detectado mediante un PCR en tiempo real por el método TaqMan. El genotipo rs7975232, se determinó en 274 fracturas osteoporóticas en mujeres españolas posmenopáusicas, con 60.53±8.02 años. Las frecuencias genotípicas observadas estaban de acuerdo con el equilibrio de Hardy-Weinberg (χ2=1.85, p=0.1736). No hubo diferencias significativas en el grupo genotipo rs7975232 de la muestra total de fracturas osteoporóticas por mujeres en edad, años después de la menopausia, la altura, el peso y la DMO en el cuello femoral, trochanter femoral y columna lumbar. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en la edad de la menarca (aa vs Aa; P=0,008) y el IMC (aa vs AA; P=0.029). Concluimos que el gen VDR del polimorfismo rs7975232 no está relacionado con las cifras de la densidad mineral ósea en fracturas osteoporóticas en mujeres españolas.This study examined the association between bone mineral density (BMD) and the rs7975232 (ApaI) poly¬morphism of the vitamin receptor D (VDR) gene. The polymorphism was detected using the real-time PCR TaqMan method. The rs7975232 genotype was determined in 274 postmenopausal osteoporotic Spanish women who were 60.53±8.02 years old. The observed genotype frequencies were in agreement with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (χ2=1.85, P=0.1736). There were no significant differences in the rs7975232 genotype groups in our total sample of osteoporotic women regarding age, years since menopause, height, weight, and BMD at femoral neck, femoral trochanter and lumbar spine. Significant differences were found in menarche age (aa vs Aa; P=0.008) and BMI (aa vs AA; P=0.029). We conclude that the VDR gene rs7975232 polymorphism is not related to figures of bone mineral density in postmenopausal osteoporotic Spanish women.peerReviewe

    Lack of influence of vitamin D receptor bsmI (rs1544410) polymorphism on the rate of bone loss in a cohort of postmenopausal Spanish women affected by osteoporosis and followed for five years

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    Se ha realizado un estudio longitudinal para investigar la relación entre un polimorfismo en el gen receptor de la vitamina D (VDR) y los cambios en la densidad mineral ósea (DMO) y ultrasonido cuantitativo de las falanges (QUS) durante un período de cinco años. Los sujetos fueron 456 mujeres posmenopáusicas con osteoporosis en tratamiento, de edades comprendidas entre los 59,95±7,97 años (media ± desviación estándar [SD]) en la línea de base. Se midió la DMO en columna lumbar y la cadera mediante absorciometría de rayos X de doble energía y el QUS fue medido por medio de una velocidad que depende de la amplitud del sonido Ad SoS en las falanges. La información de estilo de vida se obtiene a través de un cuestionario. Las frecuencias de los genotipos BsmI (rs1544410) polimorfismo genético fueron 29,4%, 47,1% y 23,5%para bb, BB y BB, respectivamente. Después de cinco años, la DMO (variación anual en %/año) en el cuello femoral (FN) mostraron una modificación significativa sobre la base de la rs1544410 genotipo (BB vs Bb); hubo una disminución general de la masa ósea (0,70±2,79%/año; P = 0,025). Un análisis de covarianza con ajustes para la edad, peso, altura, porcentaje de cambio de peso por año, previsto la DMO y la ingesta de calcio mostraron que las asociaciones observadas ya no fueron significativas (P = 0,429). No se hallaron asociaciones significativas entre las mediciones QUS y el genotipo rs1544410 después del período de cinco años. Las limitaciones de nuestro estudio incluyen la falta de información sobre el tipo y la duración de la duración del tratamiento de la osteoporosis. Nuestros resultados indican que los polimorfismos rs1544410 no cuentan significativamente por los cambios en la masa ósea en mujeres españolas con osteoporosis en tratamiento.A longitudinal study was conducted to investigate the relation between a polymorphism in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene and changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and quantitative ultrasound of the phalanges (QUS) over a five-year period. The subjects were 456 postmenopausal women with steoporosis undergoing treatment, aged 59.95±7.97 years (mean ± standard deviation [SD]) at baseline. BMD was measured at the hips and lumbar spine by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and QUS was measured by means of amplitude-dependent speed of sound (Ad SoS) at the phalanges. Lifestyle information was obtained via a questionnaire. The genotype frequencies of the BsmI (rs1544410) gene polymorphism were 29.4%, 47.1%, and 23.5%for bb, Bb, and BB, respectively. After five years, BMD (annual change in %/year) at the femoral neck (FN) showed a significant modification based on the rs1544410 genotype (BB vs Bb); there was an overall decrease in bone mass (-0.70±2.79%/year; P = 0.025). An analysis of covariance with adjustments for age, weight, height, percentage of weight change per year, baseline BMD and calcium intake showed that the observed associations were no longer significant (P = 0.429). No significant associations were found between the QUS measurements and the rs1544410 genotype after the five-year period. Our study limitations includes lack of information about type and length of duration of the osteoporosis treatment. Our results indicate that rs1544410 polymorphisms do not account ignificantly for the changes in bone mass in Spanish women with osteoporosis undergoing treatment.peerReviewe

    Cognitive Reserve Characteristics and Occupational Performance Implications in People with Mild Cognitive Impairment

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    The Cognitive Reserve hypothesis suggests that there are individual differences in the ability to cope with the pathologic changes in Alzheimer’s Disease. The proportion of elderly individuals has increased in recent years; this increase emphasizes the importance of early detection of mild cognitive impairment and the promotion of healthy ageing. The purpose of our study is to characterize cognitive reserve and occupational performance implications in people with mild cognitive impairment. 125 patients with mild cognitive impairment were enrolled. The Montreal Cognitive Assessments (MoCA) was used to evaluate cognitive status and the Cognitive Reserve Index Questionnaire (CRIq) as an indicator of cognitive reserve. Higher level of education was associated with higher MoCA scores (r = 0.290, p = 0.001). Positive significant correlations were observed between MoCA and total CRIq (r = 0.385, p < 0.001) as well as its three sub-domains, education (r = 0.231, p = 0.010), working activity (r = 0.237, p = 0.008) and leisure time (r = 0.319, p < 0.001). This study findings provide the importance of considering socio-behavioral factors in cognitive status. This research helps to describe the importance of engaging occupationally along the whole life-course as a potential protective factor in ageing, and includes a perspective of occupational therapy regarding the hypothesis of cognitive reserve.Depto. de EnfermeríaFac. de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y PodologíaTRUEpu

    Evaluation of the dietary intake of cadmium, lead and mercury and its relationship with bone health among postmenopausal women in Spain

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    ANTECEDENTES: Los metales pesados, como el plomo, el cadmio y el mercurio, se absorben a través de fuentes de alimentos contaminados y agua. Pocos estudios han investigado hasta qué punto los metales pesados de la dieta están asociados con una baja densidad mineral ósea. OBJETIVOS: Nuestro objetivo fue caracterizar la ingesta alimentaria de metales pesados, plomo, cadmio y mercurio entre mujeres posmenopáusicas sanas y no fumadoras en España. Además, buscamos establecer una relación supuesta entre la salud ósea y la ingesta de estos metales pesados en esta población. Diseño del estudio: La ingesta diaria de los metales pesados considerados para los diferentes grupos de alimentos se calculó tomando en cuenta el contenido y el consumo de alimentos en 281 mujeres posmenopáusicas. Las mediciones óseas se realizaron utilizando un ultrasonido óseo cuantitativo (QUS), una absorciometría de rayos X de energía dual (DXA) y una tomografía computada cuantitativa periférica (pQCT). RESULTADOS: El promedio estimado de exposición a cadmio en la dieta entre las 281 mujeres estudiadas fue de 29.87 μg / día (20.41–41.04) y 3.03 μg / kg de peso corporal (b.w .; 2.17–4.40). La exposición al plomo en la dieta fue de 46.24 μg / día (38.11–54.77) y 4.87 μg / kg b.w. (4.00–6.14). La exposición estimada al mercurio en la dieta fue de 11.64 μg / día y 1.19 μg / kg b.w. (0.82–1.76). Los participantes se clasificaron según su ingesta de metales pesados (por encima o por debajo de las medianas respectivas). Después de un ajuste adicional para los factores de confusión potenciales, no se encontraron diferencias significativas en todos los parámetros medidos (p> 0.05). CONCLUSIONES: No encontramos asociaciones entre la salud ósea y la ingesta dietética de tres metales pesados en mujeres posmenopáusicas. La ingesta dietética de los metales pesados medidos estuvo dentro de los valores recomendados.BACKGROUND: Heavy metals, such as lead, cadmium, and mercury, are absorbed through contaminated food sources and water. Few studies have investigated the extent to which dietary heavy metals are associated with low bone mineral density. AIMS: We aimed to characterize the dietary intake of the heavy metals lead, cadmium and mercury among healthy, non-smoking postmenopausal women in Spain. Furthermore, we sought to establish a putative relationship between bone health and the intake of these heavy metals in this population. STUDY DESIGN: The daily intake of the heavy metals considered for the different food groups was calculated by accounting for food content and consumption in 281 postmenopausal women. Bone measurements were performed using a Quantitative Bone Ultrasound (QUS), a Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) and a Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (pQCT). RESULTS: The average estimated dietary cadmium exposure among the 281 women studied was 29.87 μg/day (20.41–41.04) and 3.03 μg/kg body weight (b.w.; 2.17–4.40). Dietary lead exposure was 46.24 μg/day (38.11–54.77) and 4.87 μg/kg b.w. (4.00–6.14). The estimated dietary mercury exposure was 11.64 μg/day and 1.19 μg/kg b.w. (0.82–1.76). Participants were classified according to their heavy metal intake (above or below the respective medians). After further adjustment for potential confounding factors, no significant differences were found in all the measured parameters (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We did not find associations between bone health and the dietary intake of three heavy metals in postmenopausal women. Dietary intake of the measured heavy metals were within the recommended values.• Junta de Extremadura y Fondos Europeo de Desarrollo Regional. Beca Grupos de Investigación GR15144peerReviewe

    Modelling the Longevity of Dental Restorations by means of a CBR system

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    The lifespan of dental restorations is limited. Longevity depends on the material used and the different characteristics of the dental piece. However, it is not always the case that the best and longest lasting material is used since patients may prefer different treatments according to how noticeable the material is. Over the last 100 years, the most commonly used material has been silver amalgam, which, while very durable, is somewhat aesthetically displeasing. Our study is based on the collection of data from the charts, notes, and radiographic information of restorative treatments performed by Dr. Vera in 1993, the analysis of the information by computer artificial intelligence to determine the most appropriate restoration, and the monitoring of the evolution of the dental restoration. The data will be treated confidentially according to the Organic Law 15/1999 on 13 December on the Protection of Personal Data. This paper also presents a clustering technique capable of identifying the most significant cases with which to instantiate the case-base. In order to classify the cases, a mixture of experts is used which incorporates a Bayesian network and a multilayer perceptron; the combination of both classifiers is performed with a neural network

    Quality of life in elderly people after a hip fracture: a prospective study

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    ANTECEDENTES: La fractura de cadera es un importante problema social y médico por su creciente prevalencia, las consecuencias para la salud y el impacto económico en el sistema sanitario, pero no cabe duda de que también repercute en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS). De ahí la importancia de conocer y determinar el impacto de la enfermedad en la vida cotidiana desde la perspectiva del bienestar físico, emocional y social del paciente. PROPÓSITO: Determinar el impacto de la fractura de cadera en la CVRS de las personas mayores de 65 años un mes después de la cirugía, los factores relacionados y los efectos en la capacidad funcional y el estado de ánimo. MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional prospectivo realizado en las unidades de traumatología de dos hospitales universitarios de la provincia de Cáceres con muestreo consecutivo de todos los pacientes mayores de 65 años ingresados por cirugía de fractura de cadera durante el periodo de estudio. Se registraron datos sociodemográficos y clínicos en el momento del ingreso y de forma prospectiva en la visita de seguimiento 1 mes después. Se recogieron variables clínicas, sociales, de calidad de vida (EQ-5D-), de capacidad funcional e instrumental básica (Índice de Barthel (BI) y Escala de Lawton y Brody) y de depresión geriátrica (Yesavage). RESULTADOS: El estudio incluyó 224 pacientes con una edad media de 84,6 años (DE ± 6,1), el 76,3% eran mujeres. La comorbilidad de Charlson fue de 5,3 (DE ± 1,2). El índice EQ-5D disminuyó de 0,62 (DE ± 0,35) a 0,16 al mes de seguimiento (DE ± 0,20) p < 0,001. La puntuación media de la Escala Visual Analógica (EVA) del EQ-5D disminuyó de 72,8 (DE ± 15,8) a 48,3 (DE ± 17,2) p < 0,001. Todas las dimensiones de la EQ-5D mostraron una reducción significativa desde el momento del estado previo a la fractura hasta 1 mes después de la cirugía. Los factores independientes asociados con la CVRS 1 mes después de la cirugía fueron la puntuación del Índice de Barthel antes de la fractura, la escala de Lawton y Brody, la presencia de depresión y el tipo de cirugía. CONCLUSIONES: Después de una fractura de cadera, los pacientes experimentan un deterioro considerable de su CVRS, especialmente en el cuidado personal, las actividades diarias y la movilidad. También se produce una disminución significativa de la capacidad funcional para las actividades básicas e instrumentales de la vida diaria. Un mes después de la cirugía, la CVRS está muy lejos de los niveles previos a la fractura.BACKGROUND: Hip fracture is an important social and medical problem due to its increasing prevalence, the consequences for health and the economic impact on the health care system, but there is no doubt that it also has repercussions on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Hence the importance of understanding and determining the impact of the condition on everyday life from the perspective of the patient’s physical, emotional and social well-being. PURPOSE: To determine the impact of hip fracture on HRQoL of people over the age of 65 1 month after surgery, related factors and the effects on functional ability and mood. METHODS: Prospective observational study conducted in the traumatology units of two university hospitals in the province of Cáceres with consecutive sampling of all patients over the age of 65 admitted for hip fracture surgery during the study period. Sociodemographic and clinical data were recorded at the time of admission and prospectively at the follow-up visit 1 month later. Clinical, social, quality of life (EQ-5D-), basic functional and instrumental capacity (Barthel Index (BI) and Lawton & Brody Scale), and geriatric depression (Yesavage) variables were collected. RESULTS: The study included 224 patients with a median age of 84.6 years (SD ± 6.1), 76.3% were female. Charlson’s comorbidity was 5.3 (SD ± 1.2). The EQ-5D index decreased from 0.62 (SD ± 0.35) to 0.16 at 1 month follow up (SD ± 0.20) p < 0.001. The mean Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score of EQ-5D decreased from 72.8 (SD ±15.8) to 48.3 (SD ± 17.2) p < 0.001. All dimensions of EQ-5D showed a significant reduction from the time of pre-fracture status to 1 month after surgery. Independent factors associated with HRQoL 1 month after surgery were pre-fracture status Barthel Index score, Lawton and Brody scale, presence of depression, and type of surgery. CONCLUSIONS: After a hip fracture, patients experience considerable deterioration in their HRQoL, especially in selfcare, daily activities, and mobility. There is also a significant decline in functional capacity for both the basic and instrumental activities of daily living. One month after surgery, HRQoL is a long way from pre-fracture levels.peerReviewe
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