Infusions obtained from two medicinal plants as a source of polyphenols with antibacterial activity

Several researches are now oriented towards studying natural molecules of plant origin. In Algeria, many herbs are used as traditional remedies to treat different diseases. In this context, the phenolic compounds of the aqueous extracts, obtained by infusion, of two plant species, Saccocalyx satureioides Coss.& Dur and Limoniastrum guyonianum Boiss., from the Algerian flora, were identified and quantified by HPLC-DADESI/ MS, and their antibacterial activity was evaluated against clinical isolates. The results indicate the presence of several phenolic acids, in particular, derivatives of caffeic acid with glycosylated flavonoids. While for S. satureioides 13 phenolic compounds were identified and the rosmarinic acid was the most abundant phenolic acid, L. guyonianum showed a high abundance of myricetin and derivatives such as myricetin-3-O-glucoside and myricetin-O-rhamnoside among the eight molecules detected. The antibacterial activity of the infusions was significant with MIC values between 2.5 and 20 mg/mL, however, L. guyonianum had the highest activity on all the tested bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most sensitive and the most resistant strains, respectively. Consequently, the studied plant species are sources of natural antibacterial substances that can be used to fight against pathogenic microorganisms.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Profiling polyphenol composition by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MSn and the antibacterial activity of infusion preparations obtained from four medicinal plants

The infusions of Thymus pallescens Noë, Saccocalyx satureioides Coss. et Dur., Ptychotis verticillata Briq. and Limoniastrum guyonianum Boiss. have been used as medicinal remedies for many diseases in Algerian folk medicine. These species have also been well documented as rich sources of phytochemicals, such as phenolic compounds with wide diversified chemical structures, which exhibit far-ranging biological activities. Thus, the phenolic compound profile of the aqueous extracts, obtained by infusing, of the mentioned species was obtained by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS, and their antibacterial activity was evaluated against clinical isolates. Several phenolic acids were identified and quantified, particularly caffeic acid derivatives along with glycosylated flavonoids. T. pallescens and S. satureioides contain 13 phenolic compounds, where rosmarinic acid was the most abundant phenolic acid present, while L. guyonianum presented myricetin-3-O-glucoside and myricetin-O-rhamnoside as the main compounds among the eight detected molecules. P. verticillata presented a profile of ten phenolic compounds, where 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid was the most abundant phenolic acid, followed by the flavone luteolin-3-O-glucoside. The antibacterial activity of the infusions ranged between 2.5 and 20 mg mL−1 (MIC values), and L. guyonianum showed the highest activity against all of the tested bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa being the most sensitive and resistant strains, respectively. Thus, the studied plant species are sources of natural antibacterial substances that can be used to fight against pathogenic microorganisms.The authors are grateful to the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) and FEDER under Programme PT2020 for financial support to CIMO (UID/AGR/00690/2013), S. Heleno (SFRH/BPD/101413/2014) grant and L. Barros contract. The authors are also grateful to the Interreg España- Portugal for financial support through the project 0377_Iberphenol_6_E.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Metabolomics approaches for early cancer diagnosis: A review

Cancer remains a major burden on global public health with high mortality rates worldwide. Current diagnosis can detect cancer in late stages when therapy options become limited. Early diagnosis is broadly recognized as the key to a better treatment to save lives. The metabolomics approach provides a better understanding of the different types of cancer. They offer promising and potential interventions in biomarkers discovery which eventually will be better suited for individualized medicine. It elucidates endpoint products for other omic processes while significantly improving the understanding of pathogenesis and mechanisms yet to be discovered. Metabolomics offers a less-invasive, cost-effective for predicting, screening, diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring therapeutic responses of the disease. There are two methods to study the metabolism and metabolites: targeted and untargeted. The workflow of these approaches requires different analytical platforms, such as Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR), Mass Spectrometry (MS), and different bioinformatic tools. This review provides a systematic summary of metabolomics methods in identifying metabolic biomarkers of cancers (colorectal, prostate, breast, bladder, pancreas, lung, and buccal cancers). In addition, the current review will try to shed light on DNA lesions as a potential metabolic biomarker for cancer

The Edible Mushroom Pleurotus spp.: II. Medicinal Values

Mushrooms health benefit was recognized in the Orient from several thousand years ago as globally consumption and has third largest commercially production. The genus Pleurotus (oyster mushroom) is an organoleptic fast growing fungus which belongs to basidiomycota group. Although 70 species is discovered until now for this genus, but only few of them are available in market such as Pleurotus florida, P. sajor-caju and P. ostreatus. They have been used in human diet throughout the world due to their rich nutrients such as protein, fiber carbohydrate, minerals, vitamins and lipid. It should be noted that low amount calories, Sodium, fat and cholesterol is reported in this genus. Many pharmaceutical companies in the Far East and China are viewing the medicinal mushrooms as a rich source of innovative biomedical molecules. These molecules can be extracted from different part of oyster mushroom such as fruiting body, mycelia and culture broth. Mainly they are biopolymers including polysaccharides, proteins and nucleic acids as they are more variable to carry biological information. The medicinal properties of Pleurotus spp studied by several authors, as a result antitumor, immunomodulating, antiviral, antibacterial, antigenotoxic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypocholesterolamic, antihypertensive, antiinociceptive, anti-hyperglycaemic, anti-platelet-aggregating, antihepatoma, anti poliferative and antiatherosclerotic. In this chapter, biodivertsity of genus Pleurotus will be discussed regarding nutritional and bioactive compounds. Furthermore the prospective of oyster mushroom for therapeutic application and concept will be highlighted

<i>Streptomyces</i> sp. ADR1, Strain Producing β- and γ-Rubromycin Antibiotics, Isolated from Algerian Sahara Desert

A Gram-positive strain, ADR1, was isolated from soil collected from the Algerian Sahara Desert. The ethyl acetate extract of the fermentation broth showed cytotoxic activity against the PANC-1 cell line (37.1 ± 1.3% viability when applied at a concentration of 100 µg/mL). Fractionation and NMR analysis of two peaks absorbing at 490 nm revealed that they represented β- and γ-rubromycin, anticancer antibiotic compounds. The ADR1 strain contained LL-diaminopimelic acid in the whole-cell hydrolysate, and the partial 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence (1392 bp, Accession No. KF947515) showed 99% sequence similarity to Streptomyces species. Therefore, the name Streptomyces sp. ADR1 was proposed and deposited in the Wellness Industries Culture Collection (WICC) of the Institute of Bioproduct Development, UTM, Malaysia, under the number (WICC- B86). In a 16 L stirred-tank bioreactor, the stain was adapted to submerged culture conditions and produced rubromycins at a relatively high concentration, with maximums of 24.58 mg/L and 356 mg/L for β- and γ-rubromycins, respectively

Streptomyces sp. ADR1, Strain Producing &beta;- and &gamma;-Rubromycin Antibiotics, Isolated from Algerian Sahara Desert

A Gram-positive strain, ADR1, was isolated from soil collected from the Algerian Sahara Desert. The ethyl acetate extract of the fermentation broth showed cytotoxic activity against the PANC-1 cell line (37.1 &plusmn; 1.3% viability when applied at a concentration of 100 &micro;g/mL). Fractionation and NMR analysis of two peaks absorbing at 490 nm revealed that they represented &beta;- and &gamma;-rubromycin, anticancer antibiotic compounds. The ADR1 strain contained LL-diaminopimelic acid in the whole-cell hydrolysate, and the partial 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence (1392 bp, Accession No. KF947515) showed 99% sequence similarity to Streptomyces species. Therefore, the name Streptomyces sp. ADR1 was proposed and deposited in the Wellness Industries Culture Collection (WICC) of the Institute of Bioproduct Development, UTM, Malaysia, under the number (WICC- B86). In a 16 L stirred-tank bioreactor, the stain was adapted to submerged culture conditions and produced rubromycins at a relatively high concentration, with maximums of 24.58 mg/L and 356 mg/L for &beta;- and &gamma;-rubromycins, respectively

Medicinal proprieties and toxicology of therapeutic herbal tea: a review

Herbal teas or tisanes, like all foods of plant origin, start to take an important consideration in new product development in the recent years. This based on the increased awareness of their health benefits. It’s widely known that large number of medicinal plants of are exist world-wide, research in product development of herb teas is limited. However, herbal teas can exhibit also serious negative. Therefore, consumption must be set under some sort of medical control. Other issue is the quality control of herbal teas which govern the decision of the acceptance or rejection of the raw materials and finished products. Quality control methods of herbal teas is not limited to traditional macroscopic and microscopic analysis of the plant but should include new analytical methods such as high performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography (HPLC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and many other new analytical tools for qualitative and quantitative analysis of the plant compounds. The latter facilitated the study of herbal teas as well as benefits and risks of on the consumer health. The present review aims at shedding light on the positive and negative effects of herbal teas with particular references to those in the Algerian market

Recent Progress on the Development of Antibiotics from the Genus Micromonospora

autho