Schiff Bases and Their Metallic Derivatives: Highly Versatile Molecules with Biological and Abiological Perspective

1998 onwards, a span reporting thousands of research articles describes the ever-increasing applicability of Schiff bases and their metallic complexes; this chapter comprehensively examines the literature of the last 20 years. The structural diversity of these molecules made them available for a very wide range of biological and abiological applications. Schiff bases are excellent chelators and due to this unique property have found their place in qualitative and quantitative determination of metals in aqueous media. The structural diversity of metal chelates proved these to be outstanding catalysts and displayed interesting fluorescence effect. Finally, Schiff base moieties have found a unique position during the in vitro and in vivo experiments for drug development against a huge number of biological entities including bacteria, fungi, cancer cells, viruses, parasites, etc

The Effect of Different Levels of Irrigation and Potassium (K) Application on Seed Erucic Content for Different Varieties of Brassica under Field Conditions

Field experiments were laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split plot arrangements at Malakandher Research Farm Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Agricultural University Peshawar Pakistan to study the effect of different levels of irrigation and potassium on seed Erucic Acid content of Brassica. Four varieties Wester, Rainbow, Oscar and Legend were selected on the basis of their good response to potassium application in water stress conditions.maximum erucic acid content (6.68%) was observed in treatments of 60% irrigation and minimum erucic acid content (4.67%) was observed in plants treated with 100% irrigation level.In case of potassium, maximum erucic acid content (5.66%) was noted in those treatments which received 120 kg K ha-1 and minimum erucic acid content (5.45%) when treated with 90 kg K ha-1. I x K interaction indicated maximum erucic acid content (6.79%) in plants treated with 60% irrigation level and 60 kg K ha-1 while minimum erucic acid content (4.54%) was noted in plants treated with 60 kg K ha-1 and 100% irrigation. Keywords: Erucic Acid, Potassium, Irrigation, Stress, Brassica, Variet

Effect of water deficiency and potassium application on plant growth, osmolytes and grain yield of Brassica napus cultivars

One of the major issues with brassica oil seed production is the water requirement of the brassica crop. To address the problem, field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of potassium (K) and water deficiency levels on canola (Brassica napus L.). Analysis of the data revealed that application of K, irrigation and interactions between irrigation and cultivar (I × C), irrigation and potassium (I × K), potassium and cultivar (K × C), and irrigation and cultivar and potassium (I × C × K) had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on shoot proline content, relative water content, plant fresh weight and grain yield. Potassium application, irrigation and interaction between I × C, K × C, and I × C × K had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on shoot sugar content. Water deficiency increased shoot proline and sugar contents and decreased relative water content. Potassium application increased shoot proline level in a dose dependent manner. Minimum proline and sugar contents and maximum relative water content, plant fresh and dry eight and yield were obtained when 100% irrigation was applied. Maximum grain yield was obtained upon application of 100% irrigation in combination with 120 kg ha–1 K

Trend of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Background:  Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming quite common in Type II Diabetes Mellitus (TIIDM) as obesity and insulin resistance are common within TIIDM and it is becoming a widespread liver condition globally. This study evaluated the prevalence of NAFLD patients who also had type II diabetes. Methods: The demographic data (name, age, body mass index (BMI), gender, occupation, duration of TIIDM, and treatment taking for TIIDM), as well as the results of the tests for these enzymes, were also recorded. Alanine transaminase (ALT) and Aspartate transaminase (AST) levels, as well as abdominal ultrasound findings of the liver, were recorded in a proforma after informed consent for a total of 200 Type II diabetic patients. Using SPSS, the data were analyzed, and stratified groups were subjected to the Chi-square tests. Results: There was a significant difference (p<0.05) observed in NAFLD patients of TIIDM concerning age, gender, BMI, treatment, occupation, and duration of diabetes. The sample size consisted of 200 patients of which 111 (55.5%) were men and 89 (44.5%) were women. Patients ranged in the age range of 40-70 years old, with a mean age of 55.08 ± 8.98 years and a mean BMI of 29.69±4.04, respectively. It was concluded that 64% of cases with diabetes mellitus had NAFLD. Conclusion: TIIDM is an independent risk factor for NAFLD so early screening, diagnosis, and appropriate treatment are mandatory to reduce the risk of NAFLD and its related complications

Impact of Different Potassium (K) Application on Seed Protein Content of Brassica under Different Levels of Irrigation in Field Condition

Pakistan is confronting a chronic scarcity of domestic edible oil requirements. One of the major issues with brassica oil seed production is the water requirement of the brassica crop. Field experiments were laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split plot arrangements at Malakandher Research Farm Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Agricultural University Peshawar Pakistan to study the effect of different levels of irrigation and potassium on seed protein content of Brassica. Four varieties Wester, Rainbow, Oscar and Legend were selected on the basis of their good response to potassium application in water stress conditions. The data revealed that maximum seed protein content (21.98%) was observed in those treatments where 100% irrigation level was applied and minimum seed protein content (19.37%) was produced by plants where 60% irrigation level was applied. Maximum seed protein content (21%) was in plants treated with 120 kg K ha-1 and minimum seed protein content (20.14%) with 60 kg K ha-1. The interaction between I x K showed maximum seed protein content (22.43%) in those plants treated with 100% irrigation level and 120 kg K ha-1 and minimum seed protein content (19.14%) was observed with 60 kg K ha-1 and 60% irrigation level. Maximum seed protein content (22.77%) was produced by variety Wester (V1) at 100% irrigation level and 120 kg K ha-1 while minimum seed protein content (18.80%) was given by variety Oscar (V3) when treated with 60 kg K ha-1 and 60% irrigation level. Keywords: Brassica, Oil Seed, Seed Protein, Variety, Irrigation, Potassium

Isolation and structure elucidation of a new oleanane type glycoside from the aerial portion of Cestrum nocturnum

Cestrum nocturnum (Solanaceae) is an ornamental plant cultivated in various parts of the world due to its sweet-scented white flowers. It is commonly called night-blooming Jessamine (Raat ki Rani). The genus is known for its toxicity to feedents. The leaves may cause uneasiness in animals which may lead to severe gastroenteritis. The plant is known to be a rich source of pharmacologically active saponins. Looking to its various pharmacological activities as reported, the plant was explored for the isolation of new phytochemicals. During the process, a new oleanen type glycoside was isolated from the butanolic fraction of the leaves of Cestrum nocturnum and was characterized as 3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside-olean-12-en-28-oic acid-28-O-β-arabinopyranosyl-(1-3)-β-D-galacto-pyranosyl-(1-2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester, along with two reported compounds nocturnoside A and karativoside A. The structure was elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR and mass spectrometry. &nbsp; Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(1), 141-148. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i1.1

Influence of Different Potassium (K) Application On Seed Glucosinolate Content Of Brassica Under Stress Condition In The Field

Field experiments were laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split plot arrangements at Malakandher Research Farm Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Agricultural University Peshawar Pakistan to study the effect of different levels of irrigation and potassium on seed protein content of Brassica. Four varieties Wester, Rainbow, Oscar and Legend were selected on the basis of their good response to potassium application in water stress conditions. maximum GSL content (49.2 ?mol g-1) was observed in treatments of 100% irrigation while minimum GSL content (16.4 ?mol g-1) was produced by plants where 60% irrigation was applied. potassium showed maximum GSL content (34.7 ?mol g-1) with 60 kg K ha-1 and minimum GSL content (31.0 ?mol g-1) was observed in treatments with 120 K kg ha-1. The data shown in appendix A29 suggested that maximum GSL content (40.7 ?mol g-1) was produced by variety Wester (V1) when applied with 60 kg K ha-1 and minimum GSL content (25.7 ?mol g-1) was given by variety Legend (V4) when treated with 120 kg K ha-. case of interaction between I x K, maximum GSL content (50.7 ?mol g-1) was noted in plants treated with 60 kg K ha-1 and 100% irrigation level while minimum GSL content (14.1 ?mol g-1 ) with 120 kg K ha-1 and 60% irrigation level. Further, the data given in appendix A29 indicated that maximum GSL content (56.5 ?mol g-1) was produced by variety Wester (V1) when treated with 100% irrigation level and 60 kg K ha-1 while minimum GSL content (8.9 ?mol g-1) was also given by variety Wester (V1) at 120 kg K ha-1 and 60% irrigation level.Keywords. Glucosinolate, Potassium, Irrigation, Variety, Treatmen

Neotectonic Activity in Quetta-Ziarat Region, Northwest Quetta City, Pakistan

Geomorphic parameters are very helpful as they can quickly explain the concerned area, which is going through a tectonic adjustment. For this purpose, four indices were applied to examine the active tectonics in the QuettaZiarat region. These indices include: sub-basins asymmetry (Af), transverse topography (T-Factor), hypsometric integral (HI) and stream-length gradient (SL). The calculation of the three indices as denoted by Af, HI and SL show low active tectonics, whereas T-Factor suggests moderate to high level of tectonic activity. While index of active tectonics (IAT) indicated a low to moderate level of active tectonics. In addition, these indices are compared with lithological and climatic consequences to detect the final neotectonics judgement