9 research outputs found
Characteristic flow cytometric profile of ectopic intra- thyroidal thymic tissue in children
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/168471/1/cytob21954.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/168471/2/cytob21954_am.pd
Activation by Inflammatory Stimuli Increases Neutrophil Binding of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Subsequent Infection of Lymphocytes
Resting neutrophils bind human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and efficiently transfer infection to lymphocytes. The present study shows that a brief activation by inflammatory stimuli increases the neutrophil binding levels of both R5 and X4 isolates of HIV-1 at least twofold. The binding occurs independently of CD4, gp120, and incubation temperature and is observed with HIV-1 propagated either in lymphocytes or in HEK293 cells. Significantly, HIV-1 bound to the activated neutrophils accelerates the infection of activated lymphocytes compared to free HIV-1 or to HIV-1 bound to resting neutrophils. It is proposed that these events may contribute to the increased risk of HIV-1 transmission at sites of mucosal infection
Platelets and renal failure in the SARS-CoV-2 syndrome
The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is a highly transmittable viral infection caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). SARSâCoVâ2 utilizes metallocarboxyl peptidase angiotensin receptor (ACE) 2 to gain entry into human cells. Activation of several proteases facilitates the interaction of viral spike proteins (S1) and ACE2 receptor. This leads to cleavage of host ACE2 receptors. ACE2 activity counterbalances the angiotensin II effect, its loss may lead to elevated angiotensin II levels with modulation of platelet function, size and activity. COVID-19 disease encompasses a spectrum of systemic involvement far beyond respiratory failure alone. Several features of this disease, including the etiology of acute kidney injury (AKI) and the hypercoagulable state, remain poorly understood. Here, we show that there is a high incidence of AKI (81%) in the critically ill adults with COVID-19 in the setting of elevated D-dimer, elevated ferritin, C reactive protein (CRP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. Strikingly, there were unique features of platelets in these patients, including larger, more granular platelets and a higher mean platelet volume (MPV). There was a significant correlation between measured D-dimer levels and MVP; but a negative correlation between MPV and glomerular filtration rates (GFR) in critically ill cohort. Our data suggest that activated platelets may play a role in renal failure and possibly hypercoagulability status in COVID19 patients
Comparative assessment of conventional chromosomal analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization in the evaluation of suspected myelodysplastic syndromes: A single institution experience
Background: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) are a heterogeneous group of clonal hematopoietic neoplasms, roughly half of which harbor cytogenetic abnormalities with diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic significance. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for the most commonly seen abnormalities (5/5q, â7/7q, +8, and â20/20qâ) is routinely performed alongside conventional cytogenetics (CC) in the evaluation of suspected MDS despite conflicting reports of its relative contribution compared to CC alone.Objectives: To assess the additional diagnostic and prognostic value of performing concurrent FISH versus CC alone in cases of suspected MDS.Materials and Methods: A total of 127 bone marrow samples submitted to our cytogenetic laboratory with a presumptive diagnosis of MDS were evaluated by concurrent CC and an MDS FISH panel.Results: CC was used as the gold standard method with 100% sensitivity in detecting suspected MDS-associated cytogenetic abnormalities. FISH alone had a sensitivity of 76%, whereas CC alone achieved a sensitivity of 97%. The addition of FISH did not change the diagnosis nor change the Revised International Prognostic Scoring System score in any patient. Moreover, in 12 cases identified as positive by both CC and FISH, CC identified multiple chromosomal aberrations of clinical significance not interrogated by the FISH probe panel.Conclusion: CC alone is sufficiently sensitive in detecting suspected MDS-associated cytogenetic abnormalities that influence clinical decision-making. Routine FISH testing does not provide a significant increase in test sensitivity when an adequate karyotype is obtained. Therefore, FISH testing is best reserved for suspected MDS cases lacking sufficient metaphases