Analisis Perbandingan Kekerasan Beberapa Merk Katup Sepeda Motor Matic

This article discusses a comparison of the hardness of several valve brands for automatic motorbikes. This research used comparative study method. The motorbike used was the Honda VARIO 110 cc motorcycle. Meanwhile, the valves used and compared are Honda Genuine Parts and several brands of aftermarket valves. The results showed that the hardest intake valve head was the Genuine Valve with 61.7 HRA and the hardest exhaust valve head was the NPP with 58.9 HRA. Artikel ini membahas mengenai perbandingan kekerasan beberapa merek katup untuk sepeda motor matic. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian komparatif. Sepeda motor yang digunakan adalah Sepeda Motor Honda VARIO 110 cc. Sementara untuk katup yang digunakan dan diperbandingkan adalah Honda Genuine Parts dan beberapa merk Katup aftermarket. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan payung katup masuk yang paling keras yaitu payung katup Original 61,7 HRA dan payung katup buang yang paling keras yaitu payung katup NPP 58,9 HRA

Antioxidant and antifungal activities of selected fruits of Districts Bannu and Lakki Marwat, Pakistan

No abstract is availabl

The impact of different biochars on Stemphylium leaf blight SLB suppression and productivity of onion Allium cepa L.

Objectives: Onion is a highly consumed vegetable crop in many countries, being a vital component of every dish. Recent studies indicated that different plant residues’ and animal manure-based biochars have strong impacts on the growth and development of plants. However, the impact of these biochars on disease suppression remains elusive. Therefore, this two-year study assessed the impact of animal and plant residues-based biochars on the suppression of Stemphylium leaf blight (SLB) of onion and productivity of the crop. Methods: Three pyrolyzed biochars cotton sticks, wheat straw and poultry litter) were used in the study. Biochars were prepared in the laboratory and applied to soil prior to crop sowing in same concentration during both years of study. Results: Poultry litter biochar had the highest impact on allometric traits and productivity of onion, and successfully reduced SLB severity. The control treatment had the lowest productivity and the highest disease severity during both years of the study. The remaining biochars (cotton sticks and wheat straw) hadmoderate influence on growth and development of onion plants. The disease severity was higher compared to poultry litter; however, it was lower in both biochars than control treatment. It is concluded that different animal and plant residues-based biochars could be used to improve plant health. Nonetheless, the response of these biochars will be crop-specific. Conclusion: Poultry litter biochar can be successfully used to suppress SLB in onion and productivity of the crop. Nevertheless, the actual mechanisms involved in disease suppression warrant further investigation

Study of a class of arbitrary order differential equations by a coincidence degree method

Abstract In this manuscript, we investigate some appropriate conditions which ensure the existence of at least one solution to a class of fractional order differential equations (FDEs) provided by { − C D q z ( t ) = θ ( t , z ( t ) ) ; t ∈ J = [ 0 , 1 ] , q ∈ ( 1 , 2 ] , z ( t ) | t = 0 = ϕ ( z ) , z ( 1 ) = δ C D p z ( η ) , p , η ∈ ( 0 , 1 ) . $$\textstyle\begin{cases} -{}^{C}\mathbf{D}^{q} z(t)=\theta (t,z(t)); \quad t\in \mathfrak{J}=[0,1], q\in (1, 2], \\ z(t)\vert _{t=0}=\phi (z),\qquad z(1)=\delta{}^{C}\mathbf{D}^{p} z(\eta ),\quad p, \eta \in (0,1). \end{cases}$$ The nonlinear function θ : J × R → R $\theta :\mathfrak{J}\times \mathbf{R} \rightarrow \mathbf{R}$ is continuous. Further, δ ∈ ( 0 , 1 ) $\delta \in (0, 1)$ and ϕ ∈ C ( J , R ) $\phi \in C(\mathfrak{J},\mathbf{R})$ is a non-local function. We establish some adequate conditions for the existence of at least one solution to the considered problem by using Grönwall’s inequality and a priori estimate tools called the topological degree method. We provide two examples to verify the obtained results