KACST Arabic Text Classification Project: Overview and Preliminary Results

Electronically formatted Arabic free-texts can be found in abundance these days on the World Wide Web, often linked to commercial enterprises and/or government organizations. Vast tracts of knowledge and relations lie hidden within these texts, knowledge that can be exploited once the correct intelligent tools have been identified and applied. For example, text mining may help with text classification and categorization. Text classification aims to automatically assign text to a predefined category based on identifiable linguistic features. Such a process has different useful applications including, but not restricted to, E-Mail spam detection, web pages content filtering, and automatic message routing. In this paper an overview of King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) Arabic Text Classification Project will be illustrated along with some preliminary results. This project will contribute to the better understanding and elaboration of Arabic text classification techniques

Ranking abstracts to identify relevant evidence for systematic reviews: The University of Sheffield's approach to CLEF eHealth 2017 Task 2: Working notes for CLEF 2017

This paper describes Sheffield University's submission to CLEF 2017 eHealth Task 2: Technologically Assisted Reviews in Empirical Medicine. This task focusses on the identification of relevant evidence for systematic reviews in the medical domain. Participants are provided with systematic review topics (including title, Boolean query and set of PubMed abstracts returned) and asked to identify the abstracts that provide evidence relevant to the review topic. Sheffield University participated in the simple evaluation. Our approach was to rank the set of PubMed abstracts returned by the query by making use of information in the topic including title and Boolean query. Ranking was based on a simple TF.IDF weighted cosine similarity measure. This paper reports results obtained from six runs: four submitted to the official evaluation, an additional run and a baseline approach

Under-triage of older trauma patients in prehospital care: a systematic review

Background: It is argued that many older trauma patients are under-triaged in prehospital care which may adversely affect their outcomes. This systematic review aimed to assess prehospital under-triage rates for older trauma patients, the accuracy of the triage criteria, and the impact of prehospital triage decisions on outcomes. Methods: A computerised literature search using MEDLINE, Scopus, and CINHAL databases was conducted for studies published between 1966 and 2021 using a list of predetermined index terms and their associated alternatives. Studies which met the inclusion criteria were included and critiqued using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool. Due to the heterogeneity of the included studies, narrative synthesis was used in this systematic review. Results: Of the 280 identified studies, 23 met the inclusion criteria. Current trauma triage guidelines have poor sensitivity to identify major trauma and the need for TC care for older adults. Although modified triage tools for this population have improved sensitivity, they showed significantly decreased specificity or were not applied to all older people. The issue of low rates of TC transport for positively triaged older patients is not well understood. Furthermore, the benefits of TC treatment for older patients remain uncertain. Conclusions: This systematic review showed that under-triage is an ongoing issue for older trauma patients in prehospital care and its impact on their outcomes is still uncertain. Further high-quality prospective research is needed to assess the accuracy of prehospital triage criteria, the factors other than the triage criteria that affect transport decisions, and the impact of under-triage on outcomes

Frailty Identification in Prehospital Care: A Scoping Review of the Literature

The proportion of older adults is increasing worldwide. Frailty assessment in prehospital care was suggested to improve triage decisions and paramedics’ judgment. This study aimed to assess the scope and nature of available evidence around frailty identification in prehospital care. A systematic search of the literature was performed using MEDLINE, SCOPUS, CINHAL, and Web of Science to identify relevant articles published from January 2022 downwards. A list of indexed terms and their associated alternatives were pre-determined. Of the 71 identified and reviewed articles after removing duplicates, six articles were included in the review. Due to the heterogeneity of the included articles, the findings were described narratively. The findings of this review showed that the available evidence is limited and heterogenic. Two themes emerged from the findings of the included articles: 1) Paramedics’ Perceptions about Frailty Assessment in Prehospital Care and 2) Frailty Scores for Application in Prehospital Care. Paramedics recognised frailty assessment in pre-hospital care to be feasible and important. They highlighted the need for a simple and clear frailty score that could be used and mentioned to other healthcare professionals when handing over patients. Six frailty scores were reported to be used in prehospital care. The evidence around each frailty score is very limited. Overall, frailty assessment in prehospital care was shown to be important and feasible. Different frailty scores have been assessed for use in prehospital care. Further research investigating frailty identification in prehospital care is needed

Laminar and turbulence forced heat transfer convection correlations inside tubes. A review

This work proposes an extensive review of laminar and turbulent forced convective heat transfer correlations inside tubes by analyzing both experimental and computational research. Convective heat transfer is influenced by fluid turbulence and boundary layers, with geometry significantly impacting flow conditions. Nusselt number correlations quantifying the heat transfer coefficient are vital for various applications. Previous reviews are summarized regarding nanofluid heat transfer modeling approaches in circular tubes. Additionally, comparisons of tube shapes like circular, elliptical and flat geometries are needed. Recent database searches indicate more experimental than numerical studies have been conducted, with greater focus on turbulent flows. This review systematically evaluates laminar and turbulent forced heat transfer correlations reported in the open literature, discussing both older established work as well as newer findings to provide a holistic perspective. The goal is to better understand convective transportation dependencies for optimized thermal design and performance improvement.Comment: 42 Pages, 14 figure

Requirements of Employing Digital Skills Based on the Professional Standards for Teachers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from the Point of View of General Education Teachers in Bisha City

This study aimed to identify the requirements for using digital skills based on professional standards for teachers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from the perspective of general education teachers in Bisha City. The researchers conducted a survey of 371 male and female teachers randomly selected from all grades for the academic year 2022-2023G. The study found that the requirements for using digital skills had a high-level evaluation, while the field related to the standard of digital skills that can be applied based on professional standards had an average evaluation. The study also found statistically significant differences in responses to the first and fourth fields, attributed to gender, academic qualification, and training courses in education technologies. Based on these results, the study recommends the development of a tool to measure digital skills and the creation of a proposed framework to improve teaching performance based on professional standards. The study also recommends the development of mechanisms and standards to regulate workflow in schools and the preparation of a guide book on digital skills and professional standards for teachers