Functional diversity of earthworm communities in forests in the south of the Russian Far East

Key species of soil macrofauna – large soil saprophages, i.e. earthworms – have been studied in unique in terms of floristic and faunal diversity, as well as the most preserved forests of the southern Russian Far East. The results of studying taxonomic and functional diversity of earthworms, their biomass and abundance and patterns of temporal spatial distribution in summer seasons, are presented. The complete set of the main functional groups of earthworms (epigeic, epi-endogeic, endogeic and anecic) was found only in the best-preserved valley forests, with no traces of logging and fires over the last century. The earthworm community is not complete (one or two functional groups are missing) in one of valley forest that was partially cut down and affected by fires in recent decades and in hillside forests. Horizontal spatial distribution was analysed for the epi-endogeic and endogeic groups of earthworms, dominating in terms of biomass and occurrence. It was found that, in the summer season, the group of epi-endogeic species showed the "covering" type of distribution (regular distribution without aggregation), whereas the group of endogeic species showed the "spotty" type of distribution (aggregated distribution)

The role of canopy gaps in maintaining biodiversity of plants and soil macrofauna in the forests of the northwestern Caucasus

The research was carried out in the coniferous-deciduous forests of the northwestern Caucasus, growing in similar climatic and soil-orographic conditions. Three types of forests of different ages were studied: aspen-hornbeam (50-70 years), beech-fir-hornbeam (80-110 years) and fir-beech forests (over 450 years). The studies were performed on the territory Krasnodar Krai (upper reaches of the Pshekha river, State Nature Reserve Chernogor'e) and the Republic of Adygea (upper reaches of the Belaya river, the Caucasian State Biosphere Reserve) in the summer seasons 2016 and 2019. The research involves geobotanical, population-ontogenetic, and soil-zoological methods. It has been established that in the canopy gaps of all forest types species density of plants is almost twice as high as in under-crown areas or even higher due to good light factor and high soil moisture since the tree stand does not intercept precipitation. Regeneration of tree cenopopulations in all forest types is much more effective in canopy gaps compared to under-crown areas. The undergrowth density of different types of trees is 10 and more times higher in gaps than in the under-crown areas. The maximum number of ecological-coenotic groups of plants is observed in the canopy gaps in all types of forest. All major trophic groups of macrofauna inhabit canopy gaps and under-crown areas, but their biomass in gaps is significantly exceeds that in under-crown areas. Due to the fact that soil moisture supply is an essential factor for moisture-loving saprophages’ activity, biomass of saprophages is on average twice as high in gaps than under-crown areas of all forest types. Only canopy gaps have high biomass of anecic earthworms – there are important ecosystem engineers, which contribute a lot to plant litter processing and the formation of soil porosity

Survey research on the habitation and biological information of Callipogon relictus Semenov in Gwangneung forest, Korea and Ussurisky nature reserve, Russia (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Prioninae)

An investigation on the habitation of Callipogon relictus Semenov, 1899 in Gwangneung forest was carried out, where the Korea National Arboretum is located. In an investigation spanning the last eleven years (2007–2017), 22 emergence holes, nine pupal chambers, six adults, and two larvae of C. relictus were identified. In this study, biological information about habitation of C. relictus is provided by comparing and combining the results of this investigation with a survey conducted in Ussurisky Nature Reserve, Russia, in 2015. The distribution is also reviewed to include the Korean Peninsula and a new location of South Korea is added to the distribution for C. relictus

ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION AND UPBRINGING OF STUDENTS IN COLLEGES ON THE COURSE OF «ECOLOGICAL BASES OF NATURE MANAGEMENT»

Цель исследовательской работы состоит в разработке новых учебно-методических комплексов, в соответствии с требованиями федеральных государственных образовательных стандартов среднего профессионального образования в части формирования общекультурных компетенций. В статье дается характеристика особенностям организации общепрофессиональной дисциплины «Экологические основы природопользования» для студентов средних специальных учебных заведений. Рассматриваются основные требования, затрагивающие методические, структурные, содержательные и результативные компоненты курса. Описаны условия реализации экологизации обучения на уровне среднего профессионального образования в процессе изучения студентами данной дисциплины.The purpose of research work – fund of new teaching methods and programs to requirements of federal state educational standards of colleges education about formation of general cultural competences.In the article the features of the organization of general professional course «Ecological bases of nature management» for students in colleges are given. The main requirements of methodical, structured, meaningful and effective components of the course are considered. The conditions for the implementation of the greening education on colleges in the process of studying of this course are described

Morphological anomalies of endangered Korean relict long-horned beetle Callipogon relictus (Cerambycidae, Coleoptera) during ontogenesis and possible causes of their occurrence

This paper describes for the first time cases of exogenous morphological anomalies that occur during rearing of Callipogon relictus Semenov, 1899 in a laboratory setting. The highest frequency of the anomalies has been observed during pupation. It can be assumed that in beetles of this group, at final stages of ontogenesis, some abiotic factors such as humidity and temperature play an important role

Verification of modeling of dynamic processes in the port structures area

For problems involving the interaction of structures with sediments, physical models cannot be used for quantification because of the non-modellable nature of sediment dynamics. Mathematical modeling of sediment dynamics is used. The basis for verifying modeling results for such problems is in situ studies of coastal dynamics over a multi-year period, which are often not available. It is therefore possible to use the analysis of space images for a multi-year period together with a mathematical description of the dynamics of the coast under study. The subject of this paper is the coast of the Gelendjik Bay, Black Sea. An assessment of the coastline dynamics in the conditions of 5 extreme wave storms of 30-year period is made using mathematical modeling. To verify the results, the analysis of space images of the coastal zone for the period 2003-2022 is applied. The effectiveness of the proposed approach for predicting the intensity of sediment accumulation and erosion is shown and the mathematical model used is verified

Semicerura Maynard 1951

Semicerura Maynard, 1951 Figs 1–39 Remarks to the genus Semicerura. The genus Semicerura and the species S. bishopi were described from the New York State and were characterized with presence of two rows of spines on dens (vs. four rows in the “austral” genus Procerura Salmon, 1941), 8 +8 ocelli, Abd. V and VI separated, and tridentate mucro (Maynard 1951). Maynard’s diagnosis of the genus was repeated by Martynova (1969) and Christiansen and Bellinger (1998); however, the fusion of two last abdominal segments was pointed out in the latter publication. After the morphology of three surveyed species the genus is characterized also with the following particular characteristics: - Sensillar chaetotaxy of Semicerura undergoes moderate reduction and strong differentiation with rather long dorsal (very long in S. draconis sp. nov. and S. goryshini) and short lateral s-chaetae (Figs 4, 20) as compared to most other genera of the subfamily Isotominae. Two short lateral s-chaetae on Abd. V are arranged in longitudinal row. This pattern is remarkable and unknown for the subfamily. - Labial palp is specific due to 5 proximal chaetae of which 2 chaetae (instead 1) are placed at median line (Fig. 3). For the family, the basal set consists of 3 (Anurophorinae, Börner, 1906) or 4 (Isotominae, Schäffer, 1896) proximal chaetae. Only in hygrophilous genera (Agrenia Börner, 1906, Archisotoma Linnaniemi, 1912, Isotomurus Börner, 1903, Hydroisotoma Stach, 1947) their number strongly increased (>7) and varies within the species (Fjellberg 1999). The similar chaetotaxy of proximal part of labium is known only for the remarkable species Skadisotoma inpericulosa Greenslade & Fjellberg, 2015 and Mucronia fjellbergi Potapov & Babenko, 2014 which have 5 and 6 proximal chaetae, respectively. These two forms possess outstanding morphological features and strongly differ from Semicerura. - Incomplete number of apical chaetae on tibiotarsi. This character indicates the possible relation to genera Heteroisotoma Stach, 1947, Pseudisotoma Handschin, 1924, Isotoma Bourlet, 1839 and Parisotoma Bagnall, 1940. Considering the taxonomic value of spines on the dens, the relation of Semicerura and several “spined genera” of the South Hemisphere call for further study. However, morphological data on most “austral” representatives of Isotomidae are insufficient. For now, Semicerura can be reliably compared with the genera Folsomotoma Bagnall, 1949 and Heteroisotoma. Both taxa are better understood and tend to replace the chaetae on the furca with spines, although the presence of spines on posterior side of dens (the generic character of Semicerura) was shown neither for Heteroisotoma nor for Folsomotoma. Semicerura appears to be closer to the Holarctic genus Heteroisotoma by sharing distinct quadruplet of long s-chaetae on Abd. V consisting of two as-s-chaetae (as1 and as2) in anterior position and two accp-s-chaetae (accp1 and accp3) at posterior margin (Ding at al. 2011). In contrast, the “austral” genus Folsomotoma has quadruplet formed by one as-s-chaeta (as1) and three accp-s-chaetae (accp1, accp2 and accp3) (Potapov & Stebaeva 1992; Deharveng 1981; Fanciulli et al. 2018). All species of Semicerura, including S. bishopi and S. multispinata (James, 1933), appear to have two last abdominal segments fused, unlike given by Maynard (1951) in the first diagnosis of the genus.Published as part of Potapov, Mikhail, Xie, Zhijing, Kuprin, Alexander & Sun, Xin, 2020, The genus Semicerura (Collembola; Isotomidae) in Asia, pp. 105-118 in Zootaxa 4751 (1) on page 106, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4751.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/371184

Semicerura bryophila Potapov & Xie & Kuprin & Sun 2020, sp. nov.

Semicerura bryophila Potapov & Sun, sp. nov. Figs 1, 3–13, 16–17, 38 Syn.: Semicerura bishopi sensu Martynova, 1969 Paratypes, 7 paratypes; China, Jilin province, Changbai Mts; 41.847° N, 127.798° E; altitude ca 1100 m; May 2015; D. Wu leg. (kept in IGA). Russia: 4 paratypes; Far East, Primorski Krai, Ussuriysky Reserve, Komarovskoye Forest District; 23 Jul. 2016; N. Kuznetsova, M. Potapov, A. Kuprin leg. (kept in MSPU); trail to top of Grabovaya Nipple, 43.637° N, 132.350° E, mixed forest, mosses from tree. Russia: 3 paratypes; Far East, Primorski Krai, Lazovski district, in mountains nearby Preobrazheniye, Maralovaya River; altitude ca 600 m; 42.996 ° N, 133.902° E, 21 Sep. 2011; M. Potapov leg. (kept in SMNG); thin moss on stones in deciduous forest. Other material. Russia, Far East, Primorski Krai. Surroundings of Vladivostok; 9 Sep. 1963; N. Bregetova leg.; moss from rotten tree stump and moss near spring. Shkotovski district, Falaza Mt.; 43.101° N, 132.789° E; May 1978; L. Kutyreva leg.; poplar wood. Shkotovski district, Livadiysky Range, Pidan Mt.; 43.067° N, 132.683° E; 20 Sep. 2004; M. Potapov leg.; burnt place, thin lichens on stones. Terneyski District, Sikhote-Alinski Reserve, Kabani station; 45.13824° N, 135.88690° E; altitude ca 525 m; 08 Aug. 2017; N. Kuznetsova, A. Geraskina, A. Kuprin leg.; coniferous wood with Rhododendron, litter and rotten wood. Chuguevski District, Oblachnaya Mt.; 43.695° N, 134.199° E; altitude ca 560 m and 1220 m; 19 Sep. 2018; A. Kuprin leg.; mixed cedar forest and spruce forest, rotten wood. Partizanski District, Olkhovaya Mt.; 43.347° N, 133.656° E; altitude ca 1380 m; 20 Aug. 2018; M. Potapov, Y. Shveenkova and A. Kuprin leg.; spruce forest, rotten wood and litter. Russia, Far East, Khabarovski Krai. Khekhtsyr Range (ca 25 km S Khabarovsk), near Korfovsky; 25 Apr. 2010; M. Potapov and E. Sokolova leg.; poplar forest, mosses on lower part of tree trunk. Verknebureinski area, western Badjal Range, Irungda River; altitude about 1900 m; 23 Jun. 2014; A. Brinev leg.; alpine belt, moss and lichens. Lazo District, Ko Mt.; 47.124° N, 136.611° E; altitude ca 500 m and 970 m; 01 Jul. 2018; A. Brinev leg.; mixed cedar forest (middle part of Katen spring) and spruce forest (upper part of Katen spring). Lazo District, Arsenyevskiye Granity Range, Arsenyeva Mt., junction of Malinovy and Maly Katen; 46.844° N, 136.703° E; altitude ca 500 m and 900 m; 08 Jul. 2019; A. Brinev leg.; mixed cedar forest (500 m) and spruce forest (900 m), rotten wood. Russia, Far East, Amurskaya Region. Amurskaya Region, Arkharinsky District, Khingansky Reserve; 10 km E Uril; 07 Oct. 2009; M. Babykina leg.; coniferous litter. China, Jilin province, Fusong County, Manjiang town forest (foothills of Changbai Mts); 41.96° N, 127.59° E; Mar. 2018; D. Wu leg.; Changbai Mts; 42.086° N, 128.074° E; Sep. 2018; Z. Xie, M. Potapov and L. Chang leg.; coniferous forest. Type material of Semicerura bishopi Maynard, 1951. Holotype collected in the New York State of U.S.A. under the label “Type, Clifton N.Y., 22 Apr. 1947, on mossy log, E.A. Maynard. Semicerura bishopi ”. The slide is also labelled and listed under USNMENT 01539202 code on the website of Department of Entomology Collections of Smithsonian National Museum of National History. Description. Body size 1.0– 1.3 mm. Body shape more stout than common for the subfamily, head large (Fig. 1). Abd. V and VI fused, without a wrinkle and with unclear break in chaetae cover. With strong black-blue pigment on corpus. Legs white (yellow in alcohol), posterior and lateral parts of head paler, often almost unpigmented, antennae moderately pigmented (Fig. 38). Integument smooth, without visible granulation. 8+8 ocelli, two anterior (A and B) enlarged and well visible, other with weak corneae and hardly visible (Fig. 5). PAO smaller than nearest ocellus, 0.3–0.4 as long as Claw III. Ant. I on ventral side with 3–7 long thin s-chaetae and 2–3 short ones in more distal position. Ant. II and III with few s-chaetae. Ant. III organ normal, with a pair of blunt rods in a groove. Ant. IV without thickened s-chaetae, apical bulb absent. Subapical pin chaeta simple, subapical organite small, subapical micro s-chaeta as common for the family. Labrum with 4/554 chaetae, apical edge with 4 broad ridges. Maxillary outer lobe with trifurcate palp and 4 sublobal hairs. Labial palp with all apical papillae (A–E) and 15 guards, e7 absent. 5 proximal chaetae, of which 2 placed at medial line, posterior to papilla A (Fig. 3, marked as “Semic.”). Hypostomal chaeta H longer than h1 and h2. Basal fields of labium with 5 (rarely 6) median and 5 lateral chaetae (Fig. 3). With 5–7+5–7 postlabial chaetae along ventral line. Mandibles strong. Capitulum of maxilla with 3 teeth and 6 unmodified lamellae, without long denticles, not projecting beyond tip of capitulum. Tibiotarsi with 8, 9, 9 acuminate apical chaetae on Leg I–III, respectively: with T1 (on all legs) and T4 (on Leg II and III), without T2 and T3. Claws as common for the genus, inner tooth present, not strong, without outer and with two large lateral teeth. Unguiculus 0.5–0.6 as long as inner edge of claw, with minute inner tooth, sometimes hardly developed or absent (Fig. 6). Base of Leg I with 3 outer chaetae (coxa with 2 and subcoxa with 1 chaeta, Fig. 11). Ventral tube with 3–4+3–4 anterior, 8–11+8–11 latero-distal and 6–7 posterior chaetae. Posterior side with 4 chaetae arranged in transversal row and 2–3 in proximal part. Retinaculum with 4+4 teeth and 7–10 chaetae. Ventral chaetae on thorax absent. Ventroapical thickening of manubrium generally bispinose, usually also with 1–2 additional minute teeth on main part (multispinose) (Fig. 12). Anterior side of manubrium with 2+2 spine-like chaetae and 3+3 long in distal row; central group with 4–8 chaetae (Figs 12, 13). Thickness of medial spine-like chaetae variable (Fig. 12). One chaeta of lateral row on manubrium enlarged. Dens tapering, with annulated posterior side, often slightly expanded in area of spines. Anterior side of dens with 23–28 chaetae, with 1–2 minute and 1 long chaetae at apex (Fig. 8). Posterior side normally with 4 chaetae and 8 spines arranged as: 2 basal chaetae (1 of which much longer than others), 2 shorter chaetae in more distal position (inner chaeta in proximal half thickened) and 4 pairs of spines (in the most proximal pair spines weaker and one can be absent). Inner side of dens normally with 3 spine-like chaetae (Figs 7, 8, 16, 17). Mucro tridentate, teeth subequal, mucronal chaeta absent. Chaetae cover sparse. Axial chaetotaxy of Abd. I–IV as 2(3), 3(2), 3, 3 (for half of tergite). Macrochaetotaxy as: 2,2/3,3,3,3 in number on Th. II, III /Abd. I–IV (Fig. 4). Macrochaetae long and rather thick, sparsely but distinctly serrated, number of denticles varies, normally 3–7, fewer on two last abdominal segments. On Abd. V 3.7–4.9 as long as Claw of Leg III, and ca. 3 times longer than tergite length. Sensillar chaetotaxy as 5,5/4,4,4,4,6 (s) and 1,1/1,1,1 (ms) (Fig. 4). S-chaetae shorter than common chaetae, differing well from common chaetae. Th. II with 3 middle-sized accp-s and 2 short al-s, Th. III with 3 middle-sized and 1 short accp-s and 1 short al-s. Abd. I–IV each with 3 middle-sized and 1 short accp-s. Abd. V with 2 middle-sized as-s and 2 accp-s in common position, lateral side with 2 short al-s set together in longitudinal line (Figs 9, 10). Accp-s in front of p-row on Th. II and III, in p-row on Abd. I–III, behind p-row on Abd. I. Ms-chaetae well visible, resembling very short lateral s-chaetae, on Abd. I in front position, on Abd. III usually at p-row, together with short lateral accp-s. Formula Formula of s-chaetae on Th.II–Abd.V: 3+2+ms, 3+2+ms/ 3+1+ms, 3+1+ms, 3+1+ms, 3+1, 4+2, considering middle-sized s-chaetae, short s-chaetae and ms-chaetae. Males present, sexual dimorphism in adult males in reproductive stage absent. Discussion. The new species resembles S. bishopi which is distributed in eastern U.S.A. (Christiansen & Bellinger 1998). Both species share specific contrast coloration (deeply black corpus, paler head, and yellow-white extremities), the number of spines on the dens, and sparsely ciliated strong macrochaetae. We had an opportunity to study holotype of S. bishopi kept in the collection of Smithsonian National Museum of National History. It was possible to see the chaetotaxy of the extremities (Figs 14, 15) and outer mouth parts. Holotype of S. bishopi (adult male) has 24 and 26 anterior chaetae on the right and left parts of the dens, 5+5 postlabial chaetae, labial palp with 5 proximal (as for the genus), 4 basomedian (vs. 5 in S. bryophila sp. nov.) and 5 basolateral chaetae, Ant. I with 1–2 long thin s-chaetae (vs. 3–7 S. bryophila sp. nov.) and 3 short ones, 8, 8, 8 acuminate apical chaetae on Leg I–III (vs. 8, 9, 9 in S. bryophila sp. nov.). After Christiansen & Bellinger (1998) and our observations, the North American species has only 1+1 short spine-like chaetae in medial area of distal row. The Asiatic species invariably shows 2+2 such chaetae. Christiansen & Bellinger (1998) also mentioned “3+3 distal ventral chaetae” on the manubrium which was not in the holotype, which factually has 4+4 chaetae of which 3+3 long and 1+1 medial short (Fig. 15). The posterior and anterior sides of dens of the two species are similar. The strong geographical gap and the differences mentioned above validates to describe the Asiatic form as a new species. Many essential morphological characters of S. bishopi remain unknown and call for modern examination, as well for S. multispinata, the second representative of the genus in North America. S. bryophila sp. nov. is well distinguished from sympatric S. draconis sp. nov. and S. goryshini by general appearence, sensillar chaetotaxy, macrochaetae, spines on dens, PAO, axial chaetae, and number of ocelli. Under low magnification the new species can be easily recognized by contrast coloration (black trunk vs. yellow-white legs) and the huge macrochaetae. Distribution and ecology. The species is distributed widely in eastern Asia (Fig. 40). It occurs from lowlands to alpine belt and prefers mosses on rotten wood, stones and lower part of tree trunks but is also recorded in forest litter. Etymology. It is named after its ecological preference to moss.Published as part of Potapov, Mikhail, Xie, Zhijing, Kuprin, Alexander & Sun, Xin, 2020, The genus Semicerura (Collembola; Isotomidae) in Asia, pp. 105-118 in Zootaxa 4751 (1) on pages 106-111, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4751.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/371184

Semicerura goryshini Martynova 1969

Semicerura goryshini Martynova, 1969 Figs 33–37 Type material. Holotype and one paratype collected in Far East of Russia, the former labelled as: “Д. В., Приморский Край, окр.Владивостока, май 1963, ГорЫШин. Tomocerura (Semicerura) goryshini Martynova, 1969. Голотип” (F.E. Primorsky Krai, environs of Vladivostok, May 1963, leg. Goryshin,... Holotype). Kept in Zoological Institute of S.- Petersburg (Russia). Other material. China, Jilin province. Fusong County, Manjiang town forest (foothills of Changbai Mts); 41.96° N, 127.59° E; Mar. 2018; D. Wu leg. Changbai Mts; 41.847° N, 127.798° E; altitude ca 1100 m; May 2015 and Jul. 2015; D. Wu leg.; forest. Huinan county, Triangle longwan forest; 42.37° N, 126.44° E; Mar. 2018; D. Wu leg. South Korea, Gangwon-do, near Yeongwol, Pal-san Mt.; 09. Sep. 2017; A. Kuprin leg.; foothills (mixed forest), litter. Description. Body size of fully adult specimens unknown (1.4 mm in the largest subadult specimen). Abd. V and VI fused, without a wrinkle. Spotty grey, intensity of pigmentation varies, legs and antennae paler. 5+5 ocelli, 4 in anterior group and 1 posterior (Fig. 36). PAO larger (1.6–1.8) than nearest ocellus, 0.5–0.7 as long as Claw III. Ant. I ventrally with 4 long s-chaetae and 3–4 short ones in apical position. Ant. IV with simple subapical pin chaeta and small organite. Labrum with 4/554 chaetae, apical edge with 4 broad ridges. Maxillary outer lobe with trifurcate palp and 4 sublobal hairs. Labial palp with all apical papillae (A–E) and 16 guards, e7 present. 5 proximal chaetae as in S. draconis sp. nov., arranged in two groups (3 and 2). Basal fields of labium with 6 median and 5 lateral chaetae, 7+7 postlabial chaetae along ventral line. Tibiotarsi with 9–10 acuminate apical chaetae on legs. Claws with strong inner and lateral teeth, unguiculus 0.6–0.7 as long as inner edge of claw, with or without inner tooth. Base of Leg I with 3 outer chaetae. Ventral tube with 4+4 anterior, 8+8 latero-distal and several posterior chaetae with 4 in transversal row. Retinaculum with 4+4 teeth and 3–5 chaetae. Ventral chaetae on thorax absent. Mucro, dens, ventroapical thickening and chaetotaxy of manubrium as in S. draconis sp. nov., type specimens with 2+2 medial spine-like chaetae, two individuals from China with 1+1 and 1+2 chaetae. Chaetae cover sparse and heterochaetotic. Axial chaetotaxy of Abd. I–IV as 3, 3–4, 4–6, 4–6 (for half of tergite, without consideration of unpaired chaetae). Macrochaetotaxy 2,2/3,3,3,3 (Th. II–Abd. V). Macrochaetae thick, sparsely serrated on anterior half of body, and usually smooth on posterior tergites, on Abd. V 2.9–3.5 as long as claw of Leg III. Sensillar chaetotaxy on Th. II—Abd.V as 4,4/3,3,3,4,6 (s) and 1,1/1,1,1 (ms) (Fig. 35), as in S. draconis sp. nov., apart from Abd. IV that is with 3 long and 1 short accp-s (Figs 33, 34, 37). Discussion. Our description is based on eight specimens from Russia (types), Korea and China. Consequently, the range of variation given above is possibly underestimated. The new species resembles S. draconis sp. nov. and can occur together with it. See the Discussion of the latter species for their morphological differences. Distribution and ecology. Semicerura goryshini is distributed in the south of Primorski Krai (Russia), in northeast China and Korea (Fig. 40).Published as part of Potapov, Mikhail, Xie, Zhijing, Kuprin, Alexander & Sun, Xin, 2020, The genus Semicerura (Collembola; Isotomidae) in Asia, pp. 105-118 in Zootaxa 4751 (1) on pages 115-116, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4751.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/371184