Spinors Fields in Co-dimension One Braneworlds

In this work we analyze the zero mode localization and resonances of $1/2-$spin fermions in co-dimension one Randall-Sundrum braneworld scenarios. We consider delta-like, domain walls and deformed domain walls membranes. Beyond the influence of the spacetime dimension $D$ we also consider three types of couplings: (i) the standard Yukawa coupling with the scalar field and parameter $\eta_1$, (ii) a Yukawa-dilaton coupling with two parameters $\eta_2$ and $\lambda$ and (iii) a dilaton derivative coupling with parameter $h$. Together with the deformation parameter $s$, we end up with five free parameter to be considered. For the zero mode we find that the localization is dependent of $D$, because the spinorial representation changes when the bulk dimensionality is odd or even and must be treated separately. For case (i) we find that in odd dimensions only one chirality can be localized and for even dimension a massless Dirac spinor is trapped over the brane. In the cases (ii) and (iii) we find that for some values of the parameters, both chiralities can be localized in odd dimensions and for even dimensions we obtain that the massless Dirac spinor is trapped over the brane. We also calculated numerically resonances for cases (ii) and (iii) by using the transfer matrix method. We find that, for deformed defects, the increasing of $D$ induces a shift in the peaks of resonances. For a given $\lambda$ with domain walls, we find that the resonances can show up by changing the spacetime dimensionality. For example, the same case in $D=5$ do not induces resonances but when we consider $D=10$ one peak of resonance is found. Therefore the introduction of more dimensions, diversely from the bosonic case, can change drastically the zero mode and resonances in fermion fields.Comment: 28 pages, 7 figure

Dual Spaces of Resonance In Thick p−p-Branes

In this work we consider $q-$form fields in a $p-$brane embedded in a $D=(p+2)$ space-time. The membrane is generated by a domain wall in a Randall-Sundrum-like scenario. We study conditions for localization of zero modes of these fields. The expression agrees and generalizes the one found for the zero, one, two and three-forms in a $3-$brane. By a generalization we mean that our expression is valid for any form in an arbitrary dimension with codimension one. We also point out that, even without the dilaton coupling, some form fields are localized in the membrane. The massive modes are considered and the resonances are calculated using a numerical method. We find that different spaces have identical resonance structures, which we call dual spaces of resonances(DSR).Comment: 15 page

Effects of equine chrionic gonadotrophin (eCG) on corpus luteum development and progesterone concentrations in Nelore cows.

This trial aimed to test eCG as an enhancer of the luteal function, as well as to evaluate the ability of eCG to delay or prevent luteolysis mechanism. A group of 32 mature, synchronized (CRESTAR@), lactating Nelore (Bos taurus indicus) cows were randomly allotted to receive either 400 lU of eCG at implant withdrawal (GeCG; n=16) or remain as contrais (GC; n=16). Ultrasound per rectum evaluation of avaries was conducted daily, from implant rem oval up to the following ovulation (a complete estrous cycle). Simultaneously, blood samples were taken to determine plasmatic concentration of progesterone ([P4]). Data were analyzed by GLM of the SAS program. GeCG showed non-significant (P>.05) higher volume of corpus luteum (CL) from day 3 after synchronized ovulation up to lhe rest of lhe luteal phase. In addition, eCG promoted a longer lasting growing period of lhe CL without changing its growing rale (P>.05) as compared to GC. As a result, CI maximum volume was reached later (9.2:t .47 days) and achieved a larger dimension (6927.5:t 405.86 mm3) for GeCG than occurred for GC (respectively, 7.7:t .47 days and 5437.8:t 405.86 mm3). The peak of [P4] was observed at lhe same time for both groups (11.3 t .59 and 11.4 t .59 days for GeCG and GC, respectively). However, maximum [P4] was higher (P.O5) for both groups (17.3 t .45 to GeCG and 17.1 t .45 days of lhe estrous cycle to GC). As a consequence, estrous cycle length did not differ (P>.O5) between treated (21.8 t .57 days) and non-treated cows (21.4 t .57 days). In summary, eCG not only increased CL dimension but also optimized [P4] over the luteal phase ofthe estrous cycle. Therefore, eCG given at implant removal provided a luteotrophic effect, but it was not capable to delay luteolysis

Grapevine root distribution in drip and microsprinkler irrigation.

Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) yield and its quality are dependent of the root system. Root distribution information is also valuable for soil and water management. An analysis of methods to evaluate the root distribution of grapevines for both, drip and microsprinkler irrigation in a Typic Acrustox is presented for the table grape cv. Italia grafted on the rootstock IAC-313, in Northeastern Brazil. Measured root parameters using the monolith method were root dry weight (Dw) and root length density (Lv), while root area (Ap) was estimated using the soil profile method in combination with digital image analysis. For both irrigation systems, roots were present to the 1 m soil depth and extended laterally to 1 m distance from the trunk, but grapevines irrigated by microsprinkler dhowed greater root presence as the distance from the trunk increased. Values of Ap were reasonably well correlated to Dw and Lv. However, correlation values were higher when fractional root distribution was used. The soil profile method in combination with image analysis techniques, allows proper grapevive root distribution evaluation