DIAGNOSTIC AND METHODOLOGICAL COMPLEX FOR ASSESSING THE DEGREE OF FORMATION OF THE COMMUNICATIVE UNIVERSAL EDUCATIONAL ACTION «ASKING QUESTIONS»

The article deals with the actual problem of effective pedagogical management of the process of formation of communicative universal educational action «asking questions» in junior schoolchildren.In order to solve the problem under study, this paper presents a diagnostic and methodological complex for assessing the degree of formation of the designated universal educational action in elementary school students, which includes a system of criteria, scaled nominative indicators, a theoretical model of the formation of the designated universal educational action in students, consisting of five possible levels - standards, as well as diagnostic tools adapted to the age characteristics of younger schoolchildren.The empirical experience of using diagnostic tools in the practice of an elementary school teacher, qualitative and quantitative analysis of the results of the study made it possible to obtain data on the degree of formation of the components of the communicative universal educational action «asking questions» in the educational activities of elementary school in junior schoolchildren.

Adaptations and Disturbances of Physiological Functions in Extreme Hyperbaric Environments

Academician E.M. Kreps founded the Laboratory of Hyperbaric Physiology in 1960. Heads of the Laboratory were G.L. Zaltsman (1960–1972), A.I. Selivra (1972–1975), I.A. Aleksandrov (1975–1982) and I.T. Demchenko (1983–2009). In 2009, the Laboratory was merged with the Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology (A.I. Krivchenko). For more than five decades, Hyperbaric Laboratory has conducted basic and applied researches dealt with CNS oxygen toxicity, the high pressure nervous syndrome and nitrogen narcosis. Main achievements of basic researches are as follows: identified key mechanisms of adaptive responses of CNS and cardiorespiratory systems to breathing gas mixtures at high pressure, neurophysiological mechanisms of CNS oxygen toxicity and high pressure nervous syndrome, and pathogenesis of nitrogen narcosis. Main achievements of the translation of hyperbaric researches are as follows: new technology for 1000 m dive of animals (monkeys) using the gas mixture (He-N2-O2), new compression and decompression profiles for free escape of monkey from a depth of 700 m, use preconditional hypoxia and hyperthermia for the protection of nitrogen narcosis. Currently, main researches are focusing on the evaluation of molecular and cellular mechanisms of biological responses to extreme hyperbaric environments

The features of independent work for future specialists in conditions of distance learning

The peculiarities are clarified and the importance of independent work in the conditions of distance learning is emphasized. The definition of independent work is given, which is necessary for the formation of those qualities in the students of education, which are manifested in the ability to consciously determine the purpose of the activity at each stage of its achievement. The possibilities of the Moodle platform in organizing the independent work of education seekers in the conditions of distance learning are shown. According to the method of distribution of educational content, educational modes are proposed. The positive features of distance education that reveal its essence are indicated. Distance learning modes are analyzed: synchronous (all participants of the educational process are in the web environment at the same time); asynchronous (the educational process is carried out according to a convenient schedule for teachers and students), and mixed. Different types of distance learning for education seekers are presented, which differ in the degree of remoteness, individualization, and productivity. The principles of organizing students' independent work in the conditions of distance learning in institutions of higher education are formulated

A high honour awarded to permafrost scientists for their contribution to Russian-German cooperation in Arctic research

Dr. Mikhail Nikolaevich Grigoriev, Deputy Director of the Melnikov Permafrost Institute SB RAS (Yakutsk, Russia) and Prof. Hans-Wolfgang Hubberten, former director of the Potsdam Unit of the Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (Potsdam, Germany) were awarded the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany in recognition of their outstanding contributions to the development of Russian-German cooperation in Arctic research. The ceremony of bestowal took place in the MPI’s conference hall in Yakutsk on October 6, 2021

TESTING AND ASSESSMENT IN TRAINING BACHELORS IN PEDAGOGY

Цель: Статья посвящена актуальной, в условиях совершенствования системы профессионального педагогического образования в России, проблеме организации контрольно-оценочной деятельности с позиций деятельностного подхода. Предметом анализа выступают условия, обеспечивающие эффективность организации контрольно-оценочной деятельности. Авторы ставят перед собой цель: выявить содержательный и процессуальный компоненты контрольно-оценочной деятельности.Метод или методология проведения работы: основу работы составляет теоретико-методологический анализ, анализ передового педагогического опыта, анализ собственного педагогического опыта.Результаты: Выявлены электронные образовательные ресурсы, использование которых позволяет будущим учителям начальных классов приобрести личный опыт организации контрольно-оценочной деятельности. Рассмотрены задания, связанные с анализом конкретных продуктов деятельности обучающихся и учителей. Определен перечень образовательных продуктов, создаваемых студентами при изучении учебных дисциплин, являющихся результатом организации их контрольно-оценочной деятельности. Авторы утверждают, что формирование ориентировочной основы контроля и оценки в соответствии с требованиями ФГОС НОО реализуется только в деятельностном подходе.Область применения результатов: Результаты исследования могут быть применены при подготовке будущих учителей начальной школы к осуществлению эффективной контрольно-оценочной деятельности.Goal: The article looks at the problem of testing and assessment from the activity approach perspective, the issue is especially topical for improving the system of professional pedagogical education in Russia. The conditions necessary for efficient testing and assessment activity are being studied. The goal of the authors is to detect the substantial and procedural components of testing and assessment activity.Method and Methodology: theoretical and methodological study of best practice in pedagogy as well as analysis of the authors’ experience form the theoretical and methodological basis of the paper.Results: There have been discovered electronic educational resources, which enable preservice primary school teachers to acquire personal experience of testing and assessment. Tasks related to the analysis of particular products of students’ and teachers’ activity have been studied. There has been created a list of educational products, which students create in the course of their academic studies and which become the result of their testing and assessment activity. The authors assert that creating the basis of control and assessment compliant with the Federal State Standard of Primary General Education can only be realized through activity approach.Scope of Application: The results of the study can be applied in training preservice primary school teachers in order to improve their testing and assessment skills

A Microshutter for the Nanofabrication of Plasmonic Metal Alloys with Single Nanoparticle Composition Control

Alloying offers an increasingly important handle in nanomaterials design in addition to the already widely explored size and geometry of nanostructures of interest. As the key trait, the mixing of elements at the atomic level enables nanomaterials with physical or chemical properties that cannot be obtained by a single element alone, and subtle compositional variations can significantly impact these properties. Alongside the great potential of alloying, the experimental scrutiny of its impact on nanomaterial function is a challenge because the parameter space that encompasses nanostructure size, geometry, chemical composition, and structural atomic-level differences among individuals is vast and requires unrealistically large sample sets if statistically relevant and systematic data are to be obtained. To address this challenge, we have developed a microshutter device for spatially highly resolved physical vapor deposition in the lithography-based fabrication of nanostructured surfaces. As we demonstrate, it enables establishing compositional gradients across a surface with single nanostructure resolution in terms of alloy composition, which subsequently can be probed in a single experiment. As a showcase, we have nanofabricated arrays of AuAg, AuPd, and AgPd alloy nanoparticles with compositions systematically controlled at the level of single particle rows, as verified by energy dispersive X-ray and single particle plasmonic nanospectroscopy measurements, which we also compared to finite-difference time-domain simulations. Finally, motivated by their application in state-of-the-art plasmonic hydrogen sensors, we investigated PdAu alloy gradient arrays for their hydrogen sorption properties. We found distinctly composition-dependent kinetics and hysteresis and revealed a composition-dependent contribution of a single nanoparticle response to the ensemble average, which highlights the importance of alloy composition screening in single experiments with single nanoparticle resolution, as offered by the microshutter nanofabrication approach

FERROELECTRIC NANOCOMPOSITES WITH GOVERNED INTERFACE ON BASE OF MAGNETIC POROUS GLASSES

Two-phase (nonporous) magnetic alkali borosilicate glasses have been produced by induction melting. Their macroscopic properties and crystal structure have been studied and it is shown that in the silica skeleton there are the agglomerates of Fe3O4. These agglomerates are formed by monodomain nanoparticles of magnetite and demonstrate the superparamagnetic properties. After special thermal treatment (liquation process) and chemical etching the nanoporous matrices with random dendrite pore structure and magnetic properties have been produced. The channels (porous space) were filled by ferroelectric materials KH2PO4 (KDP), KH2PO4+(NH4)H2PO4 (KDP-ADP or KADP), and NaNO2 and the effect of applied magnetic fields on phase transitions in these nanocomposite have been studied. It has also been established that a restricted geometry changed essentially the phase diagram of KADP.