Attachment and Borderline Personality Disorder: Differential Effects on Situational Socio-Affective Processes

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Ambulantes Assessment in der klinischen Kinder- und Jugendpsychologie

Over the past 20 years ambulatory assessment (AA) became an important component of the methodological repertoire in clinical psychological research of childhood and adolescence. AA allows to repeatedly assess behaviors and subjective experiences in the everyday lives of children, adolescents and their families. The popularity of the method stems from the fact that AA captures (dys)functional behavioral and experiential patterns along with corresponding triggers analogous to clinical theory. In other words, context-dependent dynamic processes within a child or adolescent can be empirically tested, such as when and under which circumstances specific symptoms are expressed in daily family or school life. That way, AA contributes to increased generalizability of the acquired data to typical behavioral spectra of the participants. This article illustrates how AA can contribute to more accurate and more truthful descriptive models of mental disorders in childhood and adolescence and how AA may aid empirical tests of clinical theories in psychotherapeutic research and practice. The article concludes with a discussion of the potential utility of AA for individualized interventions in the everyday lives of affected children, adolescents, and their families

Integrating Structure and Function in Conceptualizing and Assessing Pathological Traits

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders’ (5th Edition) Alternative Model of Personality Disorders includes a dimensional trait model to describe individual differences in the manifestation of personality pathology. Empirically derived quantitative trait models of psychopathology address many of the structural problems of classical diagnostic schemes (e.g., non-binary distributions, excessive comorbidity, diagnostic heterogeneity). However, they are largely based on the structure of individual differences in the manifestation of psychopathology. In contrast, clinical theories of personality disorder, which are the foundation of intervention efforts, are based on the function of maladaptive behavior. This distinction is akin to the difference between morphology and physiology in the broader biological sciences. A structure-function divide in the focus of empirical and clinical work contributes to a lack of integration and difficulties with translation. Here we discuss this tension and argue for the need bridge this divide and adopt research efforts that integrate structure and function of personality traits. Specifically, we suggest that between-person structure identifies the principal domains of functioning, but to understand dysfunction personality must be conceptualized and studied as an ensemble of contextualized dynamic processes

Open Science in Suicide Research Is Open for Business

Focuses on open science practices in suicide research. Specifically, the authors use examples from their own and others' work to demonstrate the opportunities for future-proofing research by implementing open science practices, and they discuss some of the challenges and their potential solutions. They cover implementing open science practices in new, ongoing, and concluded studies, and discuss practices in order of being 'low' to 'high' threshold to implement (based on Kathawalla et al., 2021). Space constraints preclude an extensive presentation of all open science practices although they briefly describe the strategies of providing preprints, sharing study materials and codes, preregistration of studies and registered reports, and sharing research data. To highlight the open science work of as many researchers as possible, examples are provided in Electronic Supplementary Material 1 (ESM 1) rather than in the text. The authors ask for readers' help in adding to these examples via their 'living' reading list (https://osf.io/v6y3t/)

Open Science in Suicide Research is Open for Business

This project contains the supplementary materials for Kirtley, O. J., Janssens, J. J., & Kaurin, A. (2022). Open Science in Suicide Research Is Open for Business. Crisis, 10.1027/0227-5910/a000859. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000859 As part of our editorial, we have created a living list of examples of studies on suicide or self-injury that use open science practices