On Susy Standard-like models from orbifolds of D=6 Gepner orientifolds

As a further elaboration of the proposal of Ref. [1] we address the construction of Standard-like models from configurations of stacks of orientifold planes and D-branes on an internal space with the structure ${(Gepner model)^{c=6} \times T^2}/Z_N$. As a first step, the construction of D=6 Type II B orientifolds on Gepner points, in the diagonal invariant case and for both, odd and even, affine levels is discussed. We build up the explicit expressions for B-type boundary states and crosscaps and obtain the amplitudes among them. From such amplitudes we read the corresponding spectra and the tadpole cancellation equations. Further compactification on a T^2 torus, by simultaneously orbifolding the Gepner and the torus internal sectors, is performed. The embedding of the orbifold action in the brane sector breaks the original gauge groups and leads to N=1 supersymmetric chiral spectra. Whenever even orbifold action on the torus is considered, new branes, with worldvolume transverse to torus coordinates, must be included. The detailed rules for obtaining the D=4 model spectra and tadpole equations are shown. As an illustration we present a 3 generations Left-Right symmetric model that can be further broken to a MSSM model.Comment: 40 pages, 2 figures, added references, table 3 correcte

Intersecting D5-brane models with massive vector-like leptons

We construct eight-stack intersecting D5-brane models, with an orbifold transverse space, that yield the (non-supersymmetric) standard model up to vector-like leptons. The matter includes right-chiral neutrinos and the models have the renormalisable Yukawa couplings to tachyonic Higgs doublets needed to generate mass terms for {\it all} matter, including the vector-like leptons. The models are constrained by the requirement that twisted tadpoles cancel, that the gauge boson coupled to the weak hypercharge $U(1)_Y$ does not get a string-scale mass via a generalised Green-Schwarz mechanism, and that there are no surviving, unwanted gauged U(1) symmetries coupled to matter. Gauge coupling constant ratios close to those measured are easily obtained for reasonable values of the parameters, consistently with having the string scale close to the electroweak scale, as required to avoid the hierarchy problem. Unwanted (colour-triplet, charged-singlet, and neutral-singlet) scalar tachyons can be removed by a suitable choice of the parameters.Comment: 15 pages, LaTeX fil

Kahler Potentials of Chiral Matter Fields for Calabi-Yau String Compactifications

The Kahler potential is the least understood part of effective N=1 supersymmetric theories derived from string compactifications. Even at tree-level, the Kahler potential for the physical matter fields, as a function of the moduli fields, is unknown for generic Calabi-Yau compactifications and has only been computed for simple toroidal orientifolds. In this paper we describe how the modular dependence of matter metrics may be extracted in a perturbative expansion in the Kahler moduli. Scaling arguments, locality and knowledge of the structure of the physical Yukawa couplings are sufficient to find the relevant Kahler potential. Using these techniques we compute the `modular weights' for bifundamental matter on wrapped D7 branes for large-volume IIB Calabi-Yau flux compactifications. We also apply our techniques to the case of toroidal compactifications, obtaining results consistent with those present in the literature. Our techniques do not provide the complex structure moduli dependence of the Kahler potential, but are sufficient to extract relevant information about the canonically normalised matter fields and the soft supersymmetry breaking terms in gravity mediated scenarios.Comment: JHEP style, 24 pages, 4 figures. v2: New section and reference adde

Low-Energy Supersymmetry Breaking from String Flux Compactifications: Benchmark Scenarios

Soft supersymmetry breaking terms were recently derived for type IIB string flux compactifications with all moduli stabilised. Depending on the choice of the discrete input parameters of the compactification such as fluxes and ranks of hidden gauge groups, the string scale was found to have any value between the TeV and GUT scales. We study the phenomenological implications of these compactifications at low energy. Three realistic scenarios can be identified depending on whether the Standard Model lies on D3 or D7 branes and on the value of the string scale. For the MSSM on D7 branes and the string scale between 10^12 GeV and 10^17 GeV we find that the LSP is a neutralino, while for lower scales it is the stop. At the GUT scale the results of the fluxed MSSM are reproduced, but now with all moduli stabilised. For the MSSM on D3 branes we identify two realistic scenarios. The first one corresponds to an intermediate string scale version of split supersymmetry. The second is a stringy mSUGRA scenario. This requires tuning of the flux parameters to obtain the GUT scale. Phenomenological constraints from dark matter, (g-2)_mu and BR(b->s gamma) are considered for the three scenarios. We provide benchmark points with the MSSM spectrum, making the models suitable for a detailed phenomenological analysis.Comment: 29 pages, 12 figures, reference adde

Reconstrucción del paisaje arqueológico por muestreo bayesiano

In this paper we analyze a wetland section of the Samborombon Bay coast, occupied by hunter-gatherers-fishermen during the late Holocene. In an area of approximately 5 km2 , characterized by the presence of channels of estuarine regime, tala forest vegetation and grasslands, we conducted a sampling design using Bayesian resolution. The sampling aimed to find all possible occupations in the area. Incorporating information prior to analysis allowed defining the distance between sampling points with greater efficiency, minimizing the work required to cover a large area, as well as the risk of loss of potential findings. We summarize the methodology used, provide the results of this sampling methodology and discuss the intensity of human space use. The applied methodology in a sector with low archaeological visibility allowed us to have information about human occupation of the area, the characteristics of the archaeological record and the probable spatial distribution of different activities, in a reasonable time and low cost.En este trabajo se analiza un sector del Humedal costero de la Bahía de Samborombón que fue ocupado por cazadores-recolectores-pescadores durante el Holoceno tardío. En una superficie aproximada de 5 km2 , en un ambiente caracterizado por la presencia de canales de régimen estuarial, montes de tala y pastizal pampeano, se realizó un diseño de muestreo de carácter regional utilizando estadística bayesiana. El muestreo tuvo por objetivo localizar la totalidad de las posibles ocupaciones en los montes de tala dentro del área. La incorporación de información previa al análisis posibilitó la determinación de la distancia entre puntos de muestreo con una mayor eficacia, minimizando el trabajo requerido para cubrir un área de grandes dimensiones, como así también el riesgo de pérdida de probables hallazgos. La realización de un muestreo probabilístico en un sector con baja visibilidad arqueológica, ha permitido en un tiempo razonable y a bajo costo contar con información sobre la ocupación del área y las características del registro arqueológico en relación a las tecnofacturas, y la posible distribución espacial de diferentes actividades

On the Duality between Perturbative Heterotic Orbifolds and M-Theory on T^4/Z_N

The heterotic $E_8\times E_8$ string compactified on an orbifold T^4/\IZ_N has gauge group $G\times G'$ with (massless) states in its twisted sectors which are charged under both gauge group factors. In the dual M-theory on (T^4/\IZ_N)\otimes(S^1/\IZ_2) the two group factors are separated in the eleventh direction and the G and G' gauge fields are confined to the two boundary planes, respectively. We present a scenario which allows for a resolution of this apparent paradox and assigns all massless matter multiplets locally to the different six-dimensional boundary fixed planes. The resolution consists of diagonal mixing between the gauge groups which live on the connecting seven-planes (6d and the eleventh dimension) and one of the gauge group factors. We present evidence supporting this mixing by considering gauge couplings and verify local anomaly cancellation. We also discuss open problems which arise in the presence of U_1 factors.Comment: 45 pages, one figur

A bound on 6D N=1 supergravities

We prove that there are only finitely many distinct semi-simple gauge groups and matter representations possible in consistent 6D chiral (1,0) supergravity theories with one tensor multiplet. The proof relies only on features of the low-energy theory; the consistency conditions we impose are that anomalies should be cancelled by the Green-Schwarz mechanism, and that the kinetic terms for all fields should be positive in some region of moduli space. This result does not apply to the case of the non-chiral (1,1) supergravities, which are not constrained by anomaly cancellation.Comment: 23 pages, no figures; two paragraphs added to the proof in Appendix A covering the SU(2) and SU(3) case, other minor correction

Towards Realistic String Vacua From Branes At Singularities

We report on progress towards constructing string models incorporating both realistic D-brane matter content and moduli stabilisation with dynamical low-scale supersymmetry breaking. The general framework is that of local D-brane models embedded into the LARGE volume approach to moduli stabilisation. We review quiver theories on del Pezzo $n$ ($dP_n$) singularities including both D3 and D7 branes. We provide supersymmetric examples with three quark/lepton families and the gauge symmetries of the Standard, Left-Right Symmetric, Pati-Salam and Trinification models, without unwanted chiral exotics. We describe how the singularity structure leads to family symmetries governing the Yukawa couplings which may give mass hierarchies among the different generations. We outline how these models can be embedded into compact Calabi-Yau compactifications with LARGE volume moduli stabilisation, and state the minimal conditions for this to be possible. We study the general structure of soft supersymmetry breaking. At the singularity all leading order contributions to the soft terms (both gravity- and anomaly-mediation) vanish. We enumerate subleading contributions and estimate their magnitude. We also describe model-independent physical implications of this scenario. These include the masses of anomalous and non-anomalous U(1)'s and the generic existence of a new hyperweak force under which leptons and/or quarks could be charged. We propose that such a gauge boson could be responsible for the ghost muon anomaly recently found at the Tevatron's CDF detector.Comment: 40 pages, 10 figure

Unification and fermion mass relations in low string scale D-brane models

In this talk, gauge coupling evolution is analyzed in D-brane inspired models with two Higgs doublets and a U(3)xU(2)xU(1)^N gauge symmetry. In particular, we focus on D-brane configurations with two or three abelian factors. We find that the correct hypercharge assignment of the Standard Model particles is reproduced for six viable models distinguished by different brane configurations. We also investigate the bottom tau quark mass relation and find that the correct low energy m_b / m_\tau ratio is obtained for equal b-\tau Yukawa couplings at a string scale around 10^3 TeV.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures. Talk presented at the ``Corfu Summer Institute'', Corfu-Greece, September 4-14, 2005. To appear in the proceedings of RTN workshop on the Quest for Unification Theory Confronts Experimen