Perfil epidemiológico do acesso à atenção hospitalar e mortalidade por câncer de próstata nas regiões Brasileiras – um estudo ecológico

Introduction: Due to the high incidence and mortality rates that cancer has, the World Health Organization (WHO) defines it as a public health problem and points out that there are approximately 10 million people affected by cancer, the estimate for the year 2020 will be 16 million of sick individuals.One of the most frequent neoplasms in the world, Prostate Cancer (CaP) (1.1 million), occupies 4th place, being behind only lung cancer (1.8 million), breast (1.7 million), and intestine (1.4 million). In the year 2012, approximately 1,112,000 new global cases of CaP were registered, with about 307,000 deaths.   Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile of mortality from prostate cancer and the access of patients to health among Brazilian regions.   Methods: Ecological study based on secondary data from between the years 2000 and 2015. Mortality, hospitalization, and population were collected at the DATASUS. The variables were related to the epidemiological profile of CaP among Brazilian regions, stratified by the number of hospitalizations, of deaths, admission fee, mortality rate, and age group (40 to 79 years). The study looks at a time trend and gains access to health and mortality using regression models.   Results: The northern showed a greater decrease in cases from 40-59 years (β: -1,800; -0.46). Southeast, with a small reduction only between 40 and 44 years old (β: -0.345 and p: 0.665). Northeast, South, and Center-West regions did not express a drop in the hospitalization rate, with the greatest growth between 65 and 69 years old (β: 7,862; 11,346; and p> 0.05). The Midwest had the greatest increase between 55 and 59 years (β: 3,660, p: 0.098), followed by 65 to 69 years (β: 3,491, p: 0.314). Mortality rates indicated a reduction in the Southeast (β: - 0.440) and South (β: -0.361).   Conclusion: This study found an association with various environmental and economic cultures in each Brazilian region, being an important resource for the development of health services and their access to the population.Introdução: Devido às altas taxas de incidência e mortalidade que o câncer apresenta, a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) define-o como um problema de saúde pública e aponta que existem aproximadamente 10 milhões de pessoas afetadas pelo câncer, a estimativa para o ano de 2020 será 16 milhões de doentes. Uma das neoplasias mais frequentes do mundo, o Câncer de Próstata (CaP) (1,1 milhão) ocupa a 4ª colocação, ficando atrás apenas do câncer de pulmão (1,8 milhão), mama (1,7 milhão) e intestino (1,4 milhões). No ano de 2012, foram registrados aproximadamente 1.112.000 novos casos globais de CaP, com cerca de 307.000 óbitos. Objetivo: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico da mortalidade por câncer de próstata e o acesso de pacientes à saúde entre as regiões brasileiras. Método: Estudo ecológico baseado em dados secundários entre os anos de 2000 e 2015. A mortalidade, hospitalização e população foram coletadas no DATASUS. As variáveis foram relacionadas ao perfil epidemiológico, entre as regiões brasileiras, estratificadas pelo número de internações; de mortes; taxa de admissão; taxa de mortalidade e faixa etária (40 a 79 anos). O estudo analisa uma tendência temporal e obtém acesso à saúde e mortalidade usando modelos de regressão. Resultados: O Norte apresentou uma queda maior nos casos de 40 a 59 anos (β: -1,800; -0,46). Sudeste, com pequena redução apenas entre 40 e 44 anos (β: -0,345 e p: 0,665). As regiões Nordeste, Sul e Centro-Oeste não apresentaram queda na taxa de internação, com maior crescimento entre 65 e 69 anos (β: 7.862; 11.346; e p> 0,05). O Centro-Oeste teve o maior aumento entre 55 e 59 anos (β: 3.660, p: 0,098), seguido de 65 a 69 anos (β: 3.491, p: 0,314). As taxas de mortalidade indicaram redução no Sudeste (β: - 0,440) e Sul (β: -0,361). Conclusão: Este estudo encontrou associação com várias culturas ambientais e econômicas em cada região brasileira, sendo um recurso importante para o desenvolvimento de serviços de saúde e seu acesso à população

Epidemiological Patterns of Central Nervous System Neoplasms in Brazilian Vulnerable Children

Introduction: Central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms are the most common solid tumors within the pediatric population, being an important cause of death and functional losses in this age group. Although studies show that there is good evolution and adaptation of pediatric survivors in adulthood, the interaction of these individuals with social inclusion factors still worries the medical environment. Objective: To analyze the temporal trend of mortality, hospitalization and social vulnerability of children with CNS Neoplasia and correlate with social indicators. Methods: An ecological study carried out in November 2018, through the analysis of secondary data on mortality, hospital admission, social vulnerability index and social indicators of Brazil, collected in DATASUS, and the Atlas of Social Vulnerability available at the Institute of Economic Research in the period from 2010 to 2015. Results: The improvement of social variables in all Brazilian regions; There was an increase in hospitalizations for Nervous System neoplasms for the 5 to 9-year-old male in the Northeast region; To the North, in the age group 0 to 4 years the hospitalization rates were positively correlated with the IVS, negatively with the HDI and positively with the Gini index; It was possible to identify a negative correlation between the IVS and the total number of hospitalizations for the Northeast in the female sex; Regarding mortality, there was a positive correlation between total mortality and IVS in the Midwest for the male population. Conclusion: It was concluded that there was a correlation between the various social indexes (HDI, IVS and Gini index) and the incidence and mortality due to Central Nervous System neoplasms in the pediatric population. &nbsp

Trends in Hospitalization and Mortality from Cervical Cancer in Brazil Are Linked to Socioeconomic and Care Indicators

We aimed, through an ecological survey of cervical cancer outcomes in Brazil, to analyze the influence of socioeconomic and care indicators of social vulnerability. The study sample (2010–2015) is composed of women diagnosed with cervical cancer, in different regions of the country. Data were collected from the Department of Health, in addition to searching the social vulnerability database of the Institute of Applied Economic Research. The incidence of age-standardized hospital admission declined over the years of the study in almost all regions but only one region showed a significant decline in indices of social vulnerability. In two other regions, one important indicator (human capital) significantly decreased. There was a positive correlation between vulnerability indices and age-standardized hospital admissions in most of the country. Decreasing vulnerability by easy access to cancer screening and early treatment improves cervical cancer outcomes