Leadership Styles of Nurse Managers and Job Satisfaction of Staff Nurses: Correlational Design Study

Aim: This study aimed to determine the relationship between the leadership styles of nurse managers and the job satisfaction of staff nurses in hospital settings in Ha’il City, Saudi Arabia. Methods: The study employed a quantitative correlational research design. The research respondents were staff nurses working under the supervision of nurse managers, who they evaluated for leadership styles, using the multifactor leadership questionnaire developed by Bass and Avolio (1992). At the same time, the staff nurses rated their job satisfaction using the work quality index questionnaire by Whitley and Putzier (1994). Purposive sampling was employed to generate samples of staff nurses from four governmental hospitals in Ha’il City. Findings: The leadership styles of nurse managers, as perceived by the staff nurses, revealed that they were often displaying transformational leadership (M = 2.88), sometimes displaying transactional leadership (M = 2.31) and occasionally displaying laissez-faire leadership (M = 1.38). The staff nurses’ level of job satisfaction yielded responses of ‘somewhat satisfied’ for professional work environment (M = 4.78) and professional relationships (M = 4.95) and ‘neutral’ for autonomy (M = 4.45), work worth (M = 4.5), role enactment (M = 4.34) and benefits (M = 4.23). Transformational leadership correlated with the level of job satisfaction, and yielded an r-value of 0.258, which connoted a low correlation, with a p-value of 0.000. There was a significant relationship between the nurse managers’ transformational leadership style, as perceived by the staff nurses, and the staff nurses’ level of job satisfaction. This implies that, because the nurse managers often manifested transformational leadership, the staff nurses’ level of job satisfaction slightly increased. Moreover, there was a significant relationship between laissez-faire leadership and level of job satisfaction (p-value of 0.006), with a correlation coefficient of ˗0.204 indicating a negative correlation between variables. Conclusion: The nurse managers displayed transformational leadership behaviour more than transactional and laissez-faire leadership styles. The staff nurse respondents were somewhat satisfied with their work environment and professional relationships; however, they were unsure whether they were satisfied with factors such as autonomy, work worth, role enactment and benefits - as reflected in their neutral responses. Transformational leadership styles positively correlated with the nurses’ job satisfaction

Quantitative exploration of the barriers and facilitators to nurse-patient communication in Saudia Arabia

Nurses with effective communication skills play a critical role in minimising the stress associated with hospitalisation for both patients and their families. Effective communication has become increasingly reported as a key component in effective health care outcomes, which is even more crucial in countries such as Saudi Arabia with a large foreign healthcare workforce. The presence of a large expatriate workforce with a different language from the host society and the ensuing complexity of sociocultural linguistic and heath beliefs systems has been poorly researched. This study aimed to investigate barriers and facilitators of nurse-patient communication in Saudi Arabia using the Nurses’ Self-Administered Communication Survey. The survey was distributed to a random sample of 291 nurses working in medical and surgical departments at five hospitals in Saudi Arabia. The results indicate that the Philippine and Saudi Arabian nurses perceived greater barriers to communication with respect to personal/social characteristics, job specifications and environmental factors then nurses of other nationalities. In addition, nurses with shorter experience in Saudi Arabia perceived greater barriers to communication with respect to the clinical situation of patient and environmental factors than the nurses with longer experience. Lastly, nurses who had not attended specialist courses on communication skills acquisition perceived greater barriers to communication with respect to personal characteristics and job specifications than nurses who had attended such courses. This study highlights the need to better prepare expatriate nurses before they enter the workforce in Saudi Arabia on cultural competence and language skills

Knowledge and awareness of diabetes mellitus and its risk factors in Saudi Arabia

Objectives: To summarize available peer-reviewed publications about public knowledge and awareness of diabetes mellitus (DM) among the population of Saudi Arabia. Methods: We followed the standard reporting guidelines outlined in the PRISMA statement for the preparation of this systematic review. In February 2018 we conducted literature searches of PubMed, Scopus, BIOSIS Citation Index, and Web of Science using the following keywords: “Knowledge” OR “Awareness” AND “Diabetes Mellitus” AND “Saudi Arabia.” Records were screened, and relevant studies were selected and synthesized narratively. Results: Nineteen articles are included in our systematic review. These studies included the following populations: DM patients (n=13), healthcare workers (n=3), medical students (n=1), secondary school students (n=1), and general population (n=1). Most studies found a lack of public awareness of the risk factors and complications of DM. Among medical students and healthcare workers, knowledge about the epidemiology of the disease and angle of insulin injection was deficient. Conclusion: This review highlights the need for increased knowledge and awareness of DM among the Saudi population. The means of improving knowledge and awareness of DM needs to be integrated into existing healthcare systems and processes to better inform patients, families, and communities about this chronic disease

The lived experiences of Saudi nursing students in digital clinical experience : a phenomenological study

BACKGROUND : Novel digital methods of simulation are gaining popularity in nursing education in light of the limited access to clinical placement and expensive high-fidelity simulation technologies. AIM : The aim of this study is to explore the lived experiences of Saudi nursing students in digital clinical experiences (DCEs). METHODS : A qualitative phenomenological research design, grounded in Husserlian phenomenology, was employed. Purposive sampling was utilized to select 21 participants actively involved in DCEs. In-depth interviews were conducted to collect rich, narrative data. RESULTS : The thematic analysis has yielded four themes, namely, “comfort and safety”, “critical thinking and problem solving”, “appraisal of knowledge”, and “transition to practice.” CONCLUSIONS : The findings contribute to ongoing discussions about leveraging technology in nursing education, emphasizing the need for educators and policymakers to integrate digital tools that enhance the learning experiences of nursing students.https://www.cureus.comhj2024Nursing ScienceSDG-04:Quality Educatio

Levels and predictors of nurses’ knowledge about diabetes care and management: disparity between perceived and actual knowledge

Abstract Background Nurses have a crucial role in managing, educating, and caring for diabetic patients. However, their knowledge should be regularly assessed to avoid preventable complications and reduce costs. Therefore, the present study assessed the perceived and actual knowledge about diabetes among nurses in Hail province of Saudi Arabia and investigated predictors of such knowledge. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 325 conveniently sampled nurses from all public hospitals and primary healthcare centres in Hail province from September to December 2022. A pre-designed questionnaire was used to collect demographic and practice-related characteristics of the nurses. In addition, data on nurses’ perceived and actual knowledge about diabetes were collected using the Diabetes Self-Report Tool (DSRT) and Diabetes Basic Knowledge Tool (DBKT) self-report questionnaires, respectively. The mean knowledge scores for demographic and practice-related variables were compared using the independent-samples t-test and one-way analysis of variance. Multiple linear regression was used to identify significant predictors of perceived and actual knowledge. The correlation between perceived and actual knowledge was investigated using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. A P-value ˂0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Based on a highest maximum score of 60 using the DSRT, the mean score of perceived knowledge was 38.4 ± 12.0, corresponding to a percentage mean score of 64%. On the other hand, based on a highest maximum score of 49 using the DBKT, the mean score of actual knowledge was 23.2 ± 9.6, corresponding to a percentage mean score of 47.3% of correct responses. Being Indian, having a diploma or a bachelor’s degree, and having a poor or fair self-perception of competence in diabetes care were predictors of lower perceived knowledge scores, whereas having no access to diabetes guidelines was a predictor of higher scores. However, being non-Saudi and having experience of at least 16 years were predictors of higher actual knowledge scores. The correlation between actual and perceived knowledge about diabetes was negligible and statistically non-significant (r = 0.011, P = 0.055). Conclusion Nurses affiliated with public health facilities in Hail province lack adequate knowledge about diabetes, with no correlation between what is perceived to be known and what is actually known. Indian citizenship, having a diploma or bachelor’s degree, not having access to diabetes guidelines, not attending courses/workshops, and having a poor or fair self-perception of competence in diabetes care can significantly predict nurses’ perceived knowledge. However, being non-Saudi (Filipino or Indian) and having at least 16 years of experience can significantly predict their actual knowledge of diabetes

The relationship between work readiness and perceived clinical competence among graduates transitioning into professional practice

Background: Nursing Residency Programs (NRPs) reportedly help close the disparities in job-related knowledge, expertise, and attitudes that affect new nurses, healthcare organizations, and care quality by offering instructions and resources for new graduate nurses. Aim: This study aims to explore the relationship between work readiness and perceived clinical competence among graduates attending the NRP as compared to nurse interns at one university hospital. Methods: This study employed a quantitative cross-sectional research design, recruiting 203 graduate nurses through a purposive sampling technique via electronic invitations. Results: The results of this study showed that graduates attending the NRP had higher scores at all levels of work readiness and clinical competence, with work readiness being found as a predictor of clinical competence. Conclusions: Healthcare organizations are responsible for exploring the transition to practice programs and their effectiveness in enhancing work readiness to increase the quality of care offered to patients and to prepare skillful new graduates for professional and safe practice

The mediating role of learning motivation in the relationship among perceived stress and emotional regulation among Saudi nursing students in clinical practice

Abstract Background Nursing students often face high levels of stress due to demanding responsibilities during clinical placement. Emotional regulation, the ability to manage and regulate one’s emotions effectively, is crucial for nursing students in dealing with stress and maintaining their overall well-being. Additionally, learning motivation plays a vital role in students’ engagement and academic success. The current investigation aimed at studying the link that exists among stress, learning motivation, and emotional regulation among Saudi undergraduate nursing students. The study also aimed at investigating the sequential mediating effects that motivation might perform in this association. Methods A quantitative cross-sectional methodology was used in the present research, which recruited 367 Saudi undergraduate nursing students. Results The results of the ANOVA showed that the level of perceived stress was linearly and negatively correlated with emotional regulation and motivation. Upon conducting structural equation modeling, significant direct and indirect effect pathways were identified between perceived stress, emotional regulation, and motivation, while only indirect pathways were identified between perceived stress and emotional regulation. Conclusions This study provides evidence of the mediating role of learning motivation in the relationship between perceived stress and emotional regulation among Saudi nursing students. The results highlight the negative impact of stress on emotional regulation and learning motivation and emphasize the importance of addressing motivational factors in interventions aimed at enhancing emotional regulation among nursing students