Digestibility and nutrient utilisation of soybean bran-based diets in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

The digestibility and utilisation of two soybean bran-based diets and two fishmeal-based diets serving as control, at optimal (30%) and suboptimal (20%) protein levels were evaluated in Oreochromis niloticus. These were Diet I (Control)-fishmeal based diet at 30% crude protein, Diet II (Control) - fishmeal based diet at 20% crude protein, Diet III - hydrolysed Soybean Bran based diet at 30% crude protein, Diet IV - hydrolysed Soybean Bran based diet at 20%. Dry matter digestibility differed insignificantly with variation in diets (P<0.05). There was significant variation in the protein (p 20.05), lipid and ash digestibility. Protein was more digestible at optimum level than sub-optimum level, while lipid and ash digestibility did not vary with their inclusion levels. Variation in the utilisation of the diets was significant (P<0.05) except for survival. It was observed that the best diet was Diet 1, closely followed by Diet II with highest values of mean final weight, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio and the apparent net protein utilisation. The high digestibility values of Diets III and IV suggests their inclusion in fish diet to spare protein for growt

Digestibility and nutrient utilization of soybean milk concentrate based diets in Oreochromis niloticus

The digestibility and utilisation of two fresh soybean milk concentrate based diets, two stale soybean milk concentrate based diets and two Fishman based diets serving as control, at optimal (30%) and suboptimal (20%) protein levels were evaluated in Oreochromis niloticus. The diets were as follows: Diet I (control) - fishmeal based diet at 30% crude protein, Diet II (control) Fishman based diet at 20% crude protein, Diet III - fresh soybean milk concentrate based diet at 30% crude protein, Diet IV - fresh soybean milk concentrate based diet at 20%, Diet V - stale soybean milk concentrate based diet at 30% crude protein, Diet VI-stale soybean milk concentrate based diet at 20%. Dry matter digestibility differed not significantly with variation in diets (P:0.05). A significant variation was recorded in the protein, lipid and ash digestibility. Proteins were more digestible at optimum than suboptimum level. Ash digestibility was lowest of all the nutrients. Variations in the utilisation of the diets in terms of weight gain, specific growth rate, food conversion ration, protein efficiency ration and apparent net protein utilization were insignificant (P: 0.05). All diets compared favourably with the standard control diet Diet I. This findings suggest the suitability of stale soybean milk concentrate utilisation as protein supplements in the diets of late fry Oreochromis niloticu

Chronic myeloid leukaemia presenting with priapism as the only symptom: A case report and review of literature

Objective: There have been few reports of priapism as complications of various haematological malignancies. Delays in establishing the cause and late institution of appropriate intervention in patients suffering from priapism could result in long-term complications, especially erectile dysfunction. We present here a case of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) in a 30 year old male who presented with priapism as the only symptom. Apart from presenting this as a rare case report, it also emphasizes the need for early full blood count in patients presenting with priapism.Methods: The case note of the patient, as well as all available literature on the subject were reviewed.Results: The 30 year old man who presented with a 9 (nine) day history of persistent painful non-sexually related penile erection was found to have chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) following peripheral and bone marrow aspiration studies. He however had a delay in referral and diagnosis of his primary condition and eventually had erectile dysfunction. The priapism responded well to surgical intervention and use of cyto-reductive therapy. The erectile dysfunction could have been averted if complete blood count and, or peripheral blood film were carried out at the time of first presentationConclusion: Priapism due to hyperviscosity can be the first presentation in patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia, and CML should therefore always be considered in a patient with priapism. High Index of Suspicion, as well as early full blood count and peripheral blood/Bone marrow examination among patients presenting with priapism will facilitate prompt and correct diagnosis, and reduce, if not prevent erectile dysfunction and other severe complications that may arise from priapism.Keywords: Priapism, Chronic myeloid leukaemia, erectile dysfunctio

The effect of pyridoxine supplementation on quality of life of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia

Objective: Pyridoxine, is essential in the metabolism of many classes of food, we aimed at determining the effect of its supplementation on the quality of life (QoL) of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL).Methods: This study compared the (QoL) and haematological parameters of CLL patients before and after the administration of pyridoxine. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 19.Results: There was improvement in the QoL of the patients after pyridoxine supplementation; Majority of the parameters that make up the physical functional scales was significantly higher after pyridoxine supplementation. There were also significant improvements in insomnia, appetite loss and constipation after pyridoxine supplementation.Conclusion: Pyridoxine supplementation in patients with CLL marginally improved quality of life.Keywords: Pyridoxine, Supplementation, Quality of life, Leukaemia, CL

Single nucleotide polymorphism in the insulin-like growth factor-1 gene and its effects on growth traits in Yankasa sheep

A study was conducted to determine single nucleotide polymorphism of the IGF-1 gene and its effect on some growth traits in Yankasa breed of Sheep. Random samples of 100 sheep (50 males and 50 females) were selected for the molecular study and the phenotypic evaluation. Animals were measured for growth traits namely: birth weight, average daily gain, weaning weight, weights at 6, 8 and 12 months, chest girth and height at withers. Blood samples were collected from the animal’s neck region through the jugular veins into 0.5ml EDTA vacutainer tubes and transferred to the laboratory for DNA extraction. Total DNA extraction was made with ZR-96 Genomic DNA miniprep. Frequency of alleles were calculated according to Hardy-Weinberg’s equation and also subjected to Chi-Square analysis to test for Mendelian inheritance ratio for band. Genotypes, growth traits, sex and interaction were determined through statistical analysis. Both genotypic and allelic calculated χ2 values (9.07 and 16.94) for Mendelian inherited ratio were greater than the tabulated values of 5.99 and 3.84 at 5% level of significance. All growth traits (birth weight, weaning weight, average daily gain, weight at 6 months, weight at 12 months, height at withers and chest girth) with the exception of body weight (Kg) at 8 months showed significant (P&lt;0.05) variations. With the exception of average daily gain (g/day), which was non-significant (P&gt;0.05) across the sexes, all other growth characteristics differed significantly (P&lt;0.05) across sexes with the highest traits in the male compared to the females. Observed trend showed significant (P&lt;0.05) interactions among the measured traits with the exception of average daily gain. Male Sheep with AA and AB genotype were similar in performance across all traits (birth weight, average daily gain, weaning weight, weight at 6 months, weight at 8 months, weight at 12 months and height at withers) with the exception of chest girth (cm). It can be concluded that Yankasa sheep with AA genotype had significant higher propensity for growth than those with genotype AB and BB.Yankasa sheep with AA genotype could be used for genetic improvement programs targeted to growth traits in Nigeria. It is recommended that polymorphism of the IGF-I gene may be a potential molecular marker for growth traits in Yankasa sheep.Keywords: Yankasa sheep, Single nucleotide polymorphism, Insulin-like growth factor, Growth traits