Trends of Hospital Admissions Due to Congenital Anomalies in England and Wales between 1999 and 2019: An Ecological Study

Objectives: To investigate the trends in congenital anomalies-related hospital admissions in England and Wales. Methods: This was an ecological study that was conducted using hospital admission data taken from the Hospital Episode Statistics database in England and the Patient Episode Database for Wales. Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities hospital admissions data were extracted for the period between April 1999 and March 2019. Results: Hospital admission rate increased by 4.9% [from 198.74 (95% CI 197.53–199.94) in 1999 to 208.55 (95% CI 207.39–209.71) in 2019 per 100,000 persons, trend test, p < 0.01]. The most common hospital admissions causes were congenital malformations of the circulatory system, the musculoskeletal system, genital organs, and the digestive system. The most notable increase in hospital admissions rate was observed in congenital malformations of the respiratory system (1.01-fold). The age group below 15 years accounted for 75.1% of the total number of hospital admissions. Males contributed to 57.5% of the whole number of hospital admission. Hospital admission rate between females was increased by 6.4% [from 162.63 (95% CI 161.10–164.16) in 1999 to 173.05 (95% CI 171.57–174.54) in 2019 per 100,000 persons]. Hospital admission rate between males was increased by 3.4% [from 236.61 (95% CI 234.72–238.50) in 1999 to 244.70 (95% CI 242.92–246.49) in 2019 per 100,000 persons]. Conclusions: Males had a higher percentage of hospitalisation compared to females. Further studies to investigate the factors associated with higher hospitalisation rate among males are needed

The effect of disgust-related side-effects on symptoms of depression and anxiety in people treated for cancer: a moderated mediation model

As maladaptive disgust responses are linked to mental health problems, and cancer patients may experience heightened disgust as a result of treatments they receive, we explored the associations between disgust-related side-effects and symptoms of depression and anxiety in people treated for cancer. One hundred and thirty two (83 women, Mage = 57.48 years) participants answered questions about their treatments, side-effects, disgust responding, and mental health. Experiencing bowel and/or bladder problems, sickness and/or nausea (referred to here as “core” disgust-related side-effects) was significantly related to greater symptoms of depression and borderline increased anxiety. Further, these links were explained by a moderated mediation model, whereby the effects of core disgust side-effects on depression and anxiety were mediated by (physical and behavioural) self-directed disgust, and disgust propensity moderated the effect of core disgust side-effects on self-disgust. These findings stress the importance of emotional responses, like disgust, in psychological adaptation to the side-effects of cancer treatments

Impact of help-seeking behavior and partner support on postpartum depression among Saudi women

Adel F Almutairi,1,2 Mahmoud Salam,1,2 Samiyah Alanazi,1 Manal Alweldawi,1 Najad Alsomali,1 Najla Alotaibi1 1King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University of Health Sciences, 2Science and Technology Unit, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Background: Many studies have discovered a number of factors that can contribute to the risk of developing postpartum depression (PPD), including, but not limited to, life stressors, lack of social support, low economic status, and quality of the marital relationship. However, these studies were conducted in various countries with participants from different cultural backgrounds.Purpose: This study aimed to examine the impact of general help-seeking behavior (GHSB) and partner support (PS) on PPD among Saudi women in primary health care clinics in Riyadh city.Methods: Data were collected by using self-administered measures of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), General Help-Seeking Questionnaire (GHSQ), and Partner Support Scale (PSS). Frequency distribution was used to analyze the categorical data, and Student&rsquo;s t-test and one-way analysis of variance were employed to compare the numerical data. Linear regression analysis was used to control for all confounders.Results: The findings showed that 9% and 28% of women had good and poor GHSB, respectively, 16% had poor PS, and 25.7% could be classified as probably depressed. Negative relationships between GHSB versus PPD and PS versus PPD were observed. Adjusting by mode of delivery and controlling for confounders in linear regression showed that women who underwent normal vaginal delivery, with higher para rates (&beta;=0.250, t=2.063) and lower PS scores (&beta;=-0.238, t=-2.038), were more likely to suffer higher depression scores (adj&nbsp;P=0.043 and adj&nbsp;P=0.045, respectively). Women who underwent cesarean-section, with postpartum duration&nbsp;&ge;6 weeks (&beta;=0.374, t=2.082), were more likely to suffer higher depression scores (adj&nbsp;P=0.045) compared to those with &lt;6 weeks of postpartum duration.Conclusion: The prevalence of PPD among the study participants was high, especially among higher para women who underwent normal delivery and women &ge;6 weeks post cesarean-section, in comparison with the results in other studies. PPD is reduced by enhancing women&rsquo;s GHSB and PS. Keywords: postpartum depression, partner support, help-seeking, women, Saudi Arabi

Association Between Rhesus and ABO Blood Group Types and Their Impact on Clinical Outcomes in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19: A Multi-Center Investigation

Khalid Al Sulaiman,1– 5 Ohoud Aljuhani,6 Ghazwa B Korayem,7 Mashael AlFaifi,8 Abdullah F Alharthi,9 Asma Alshehri,1,10 Mashael S Alaboud,11 Ibtesam Saeed Alzahrani,2 Batoul Abdullah Alenazi,2 Fai Farhan Alanazi,2 Hessah Alrashidi,2 Sara Mohammad Alotaibi,2 Khuld Aloufi,1,3 Rawan M Alotaibi,2 Mai Alalawi,11 Ali Faris Altebainawi,12,13 Mohammad Y Alshami,14 Abeer A Alenazi,10 Ghaida A Abalkhail,2 Renad Bin Naheet,1 Rawan Mohammed Abu Alnasr,15 Mohammed Alrashed,1– 3 Faisal E Al Mutairi,1 Khalid J Albarqi,2 Rawan S Alshammari,13 Norah M Abunayyan,13 Wadha J Aldhmadi,13 Ramesh Vishwakarma16 1Pharmaceutical Care Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 2College of Pharmacy, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 3King Abdullah International Medical Research Center-King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 4Saudi Critical Care Pharmacy Research (SCAPE) Platform, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 5Saudi Society for Multidisciplinary Research Development and Education (SCAPE Society), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 6Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 7Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 8Pharmaceutical Care Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 9Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Al-Dawadmi Campus, Al-D, Al-Dawadmi, 11961 Saudi Arabia; 10Pharmaceutical Care Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 11Pharmaceutical Care Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 12Pharmaceutical Care Services, King Salman Specialist Hospital, Hail Health Cluster, Hail, Saudi Arabia; 13Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia; 14Pharmaceutical Care Services, King Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia; 15Pharmaceutical Care Department, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 16Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UKCorrespondence: Khalid Al Sulaiman, King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC) - Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center/King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, PO Box 22490, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia, Email [email protected] Abdullah F Alharthi, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Al-Dawadmi Campus, Al-Dawadmi, 11961, Saudi Arabia, Email [email protected]: There is increasing evidence suggesting that ABO blood type may play a role in the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 infection. In addition to ABO blood type, the Rhesus (Rh) factor has also been implicated in various disease processes. Therefore, our study aimed to assess the association between both ABO and Rh blood types in critically ill patients with COVID-19 and their clinical outcomes.Methods: A multicenter retrospective cohort study conducted in Saudi Arabia between March 1, 2020, and July 31, 2021, involving adult COVID-19 patients admitted to Intensive Care Units, aimed to explore potential associations between rhesus blood group types (Positive versus Negative) and clinical outcomes. The primary endpoint assessed was the hospital length of stay (LOS). Other endpoints were considered secondary.Results: After propensity score matching (3:1 ratio), 212 patients were included in the final analysis. The hospital length of stay was longer in a negative Rh blood group compared with patients in the Rh-positive group (beta coefficient 0.26 (0.02, 0.51), p = 0.03). However, neither 30-day mortality (HR 0.28; 95% CI 0.47, 1.25, p = 0.28) nor in-hospital mortality (HR 0.74; 95% CI 0.48, 1.14, p = 0.17) reached statistical significance. Additionally, among the different ABO types, the A+ blood group exhibited a higher proportion of thrombosis/infarction and in-hospital mortality (28.1% and 31.2%, respectively).Conclusion: This study highlights the potential impact of blood group type on the prognosis of critically ill patients with COVID-19. It has been observed that patients with a negative Rh blood group type tend to have a longer hospital stay, while their mortality rates and complications during ICU stay are similar to the patients with a Rh-positive group.Keywords: rhesus blood group, Blood group, ABO, length of stay, intensive care units, Critically ill, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, acute kidney injury, mortality, MV duratio