A Study on Issues and Challenges of Women Empowerment in India

This paper attempts to analyze the status of Women Empowerment in India and highlights the Issues and Challenges of Women Empowerment. Today the empowerment of women has become one of the most important concerns of 21st century. But practically women empowerment is still an illusion of reality. We observe in our day to day life how women become victimized by various social evils. Women Empowerment is the vital instrument to expand women’s ability to have resources and to make strategic life choices. Empowerment of women is essentially the process of upliftment of economic, social and political status of women, the traditionally underprivileged ones, in the society. It is the process of guarding them against all forms of violence. The study is based on purely from secondary sources. The study reveals that women of India are relatively disempowered and they enjoy somewhat lower status than that of men in spite of many efforts undertaken by Government. It is found that acceptance of unequal gender norms by women are still prevailing in the society. The study concludes by an observation that access to Education, Employment and Change in Social Structure are only the enabling factors to Women Empowerment

Building Public Library Collection in India: A Study of Book and Non-book Material

India is the second most populous country in the world. It has 29 states and 7 union territories. The state of West Bengal with nineteen districts has a well-established public library system. The present study covers the district of Murshidabad which has 160 public libraries, in total. Significantly, three categories of public libraries namely rural library, town/sub-division library and district library exists in whole district. Covering 21 public libraries with representation of all categories of libraries, the present work aims to study the collection development of material. Data for the present study has been collected through well-structured questionnaire. Study also highlights the various aspects which contributed in building collection in studied libraries. Precisely, these are donation from Member of Legislative Assembly, donation from Raja Rammohan Roy Library Foundation, complimentary copies from the authors, etc. Findings suggest that no-uniform growth has been witnessed in surveyed libraries

DISSOLUTION BEHAVIOR OF BIOACTIVE GLASS CERAMICS WITH DIFFERENT CaO/MgO RATIOS

In this work, powders of three different compositions, each having 34 SiO2-14.5 P2O5-1 CaF2-0.5 MgF (% wt) and ratio of CaO/MgO varying from 11.5:1 to 1:11.5 were thoroughly mixed and melted under oxy-acetylene flame in a fire clay crucible that made the glass formation cheaper in time and cost. The melt of each composition was quenched in water to form three different glasses. Every glass was sintered at 950°C to form three glass ceramics named G1, G2 and G3 respectively. To study the dissolution behavior, each sample was immersed in a simulated body fluid (SBF) for 2, 5, 10, 20 and 25 days at room temperature. Thin film XRD analysis revealed that the samples with larger CaO/MgO ratio exhibited better bioactivity. pH of SBF increased efficiently in case of G1 whereas in case of G2 and G3, this increase was slower due to greater amount of MgO. The concentrations of Ca, P, Mg and Si ions were measured by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. EDS analysis showed the increase in P and Ca ions and presence of C in G1 after 5 days immersion and after 10 days, in case of G2 indicating the higher formation rate of hydroxycarbonate Apatite layer in G1 as compared to G2 due to greater CaO/MgO ratio whereas in G3 Mg-hydroxycarbonate apatite (Ca(Mg)5(CO3)(PO4)3(OH)) (heneuite) layer was recognized after 20 days showing the least bioactivity due to very large amount of Mg and the least CaO/MgO ratio

Job Dissatisfaction and Turnover: Bangladesh Perspective

The process of job turnover can be described as job dissatisfaction is the first step, followed by intention to leave, which finally, can result in actual turnover (Mobley et al. 1978; Bannister & Griffith 1986). This article aimed at identifying the empirical evidences of turnover in three different situations: i) being dissatisfied with the previous job, ii) availability of job in the market and iii) (search for) better alternative job as well as identifying the factors affect job dissatisfaction.  In order to collect data for this study a comprehensive questionnaire was distributed to 150 employees of different private and public organization in Bangladesh who already leaved their previous job, of them 140 usable responses were received (drop-out rate: 6.67 percent). The results showed that the rates of turnover in three different situations are 33%, 25% and 52.5% respectively. The most important factors which affect job dissatisfaction are working environment & administration, supervisors & working hours and security of income (future) etc.  A final conclusion of this study is that, the organizations experience excessive rate of job turnover should consider the said factors to retain their employees. Keywords: Job turnover, Turnover situations, Commitment, Job dissatisfaction

Biological characteristics and outcomes of gliosarcoma

Gliosarcoma is a highly aggressive primary brain tumour. It is a relatively rare tumour and comprises of two histological components, glial and sarcomatous. Gliosarcomas carry a poorer prognosis than that of Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM). The current review highlights important histological and radiological features of gliosarcoma in the light of recent literature, and also touches upon the treatment options and outcomes of various types of gliosarcoma

An Instigation to Green Manufacturing: Characterization and Analytical Analysis of Textile Wastewater for Physico-Chemical and Organic Pollution Indicators

Severe environmental pollutions are contributed by textiles at an alarming rate. Proper treatment of wastewater before discharge is mandatory for maintain our ecological balance. Pollution levels of textile effluent has been investigated and analyzed in this research. Effluent samples from different areas of textile processing industries in Bangladesh were collected and analyzed. A total forty sample were studied and characterized their result ranged are temperature, pH, Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Biological oxygen demand (BOD5). Standard sample collection procedures was followed to collect samples of six months and analyzed immediately temperature, pH TDS by pocket size Thermometer, pH and TDS meter. To sum up, textile effluent contains high Temperature, pH, TDS, COD and lower DO which threatens aquatic lives live. It has been acclaimed that, it is quite unsafe for this discharge into water body to continue. The ecological and human health safety of continual discharge of this textile effluents into surface water are undoubtedly under threat

Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence-Driven Multi-Scale Modeling for High Burnup Accident-Tolerant Fuels for Light Water-Based SMR Applications

The concept of small modular reactor has changed the outlook for tackling future energy crises. This new reactor technology is very promising considering its lower investment requirements, modularity, design simplicity, and enhanced safety features. The application of artificial intelligence-driven multi-scale modeling (neutronics, thermal hydraulics, fuel performance, etc.) incorporating Digital Twin and associated uncertainties in the research of small modular reactors is a recent concept. In this work, a comprehensive study is conducted on the multiscale modeling of accident-tolerant fuels. The application of these fuels in the light water-based small modular reactors is explored. This chapter also focuses on the application of machine learning and artificial intelligence in the design optimization, control, and monitoring of small modular reactors. Finally, a brief assessment of the research gap on the application of artificial intelligence to the development of high burnup composite accident-tolerant fuels is provided. Necessary actions to fulfill these gaps are also discussed