The role of the Supreme Court in the consitutional system of the United Arab Emirates: a comparative study

This study is concerned with demonstrating the importance of the Supreme Court in the constitutional system of the United Arab Emirates, discovering its possible contributions to constitutional development and recommending measures to improve the effectiveness of the Court. A brief analysis of the modern history of the United Arab Emirates and an outline of the characteristics of this country and its society are provided. The constitutional history of the country is given, with specific emphasis on the process of drafting the current constitution. The role of constitutional courts in federal systems, their contributions to and the theoretical basis for participation in the development and maintenance of, constitutional systems is discussed. This study includes a fairly detailed analysis of the arguments about the role of the U.S. Supreme Court and the American Federal judiciary in practising judicial review, and the authority of judicial interpretations of the constitution. The West German experience in judicial review and its effects on federalism is analysed. The constitutional system of the United Arab Emirates and the position and competence of its Supreme Court is evaluated. A detailed study is provided of the development of the jurisprudence of the court since its establishment. Findings and recommendations aimed at improving the contribution of the Supreme Court in the constitutional system of the United Arab Emirates are provided

Navigating the Convergence of Artificial Intelligence and Space Law: Challenges and Opportunities

The space industry is one of the most technologically advanced industries that aims for scientific explorations that benefit humanity on multiple fronts. Further, Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies comprise game-changing tools that could be utilized to facilitate space exploration aims. The emergence of AI in the space industry would evolve how both industries look. Since many challenges in the current space industry could be addressed by implementing artificial intelligence, space objects will create "Intelligent Space Objects". Different studies were conducted to explore the implementation of AI technologies in space activities and their legal implications. The scope of this paper goes beyond the existing work. It will investigate the main AI applications in space and then explore their legal challenges, including issues related to regulations, liability, and policy questions. Accordingly, it will discuss the need for developing a novel legal framework to address these challenges, creating a strategic opportunity for international collaboration between states and organizations that will contribute to advancing space law. This study will review, evaluate, and analyze the current situation and recommend ways to establish a novel international space organization. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2023-04-01-04 Full Text: PD

Coupling of Smoothened to inhibitory G proteins reduces voltage-gated K

SMO (Smoothened), the central transducer of Hedgehog signaling, is coupled to heterotrimeric Gi proteins in many cell types, including cardiomyocytes. In this study, we report that activation of SMO with SHH (Sonic Hedgehog) or a small agonist, purmorphamine, rapidly causes a prolongation of the action potential duration that is sensitive to a SMO inhibitor. In contrast, neither of the SMO agonists prolonged the action potential in cardiomyocytes from transgenic GiCT/TTA mice, in which Gi signaling is impaired, suggesting that the effect of SMO is mediated by Gi proteins. Investigation of the mechanism underlying the change in action potential kinetics revealed that activation of SMO selectively reduces outward voltage-gated K+ repolarizing (Kv) currents in isolated cardiomyocytes and that it induces a down-regulation of membrane levels of Kv4.3 in cardiomyocytes and intact hearts from WT but not from GiCT/TTA mice. Moreover, perfusion of intact hearts with Shh or purmorphamine increased the ventricular repolarization time (QT interval) and induced ventricular arrhythmias. Our data constitute the first report that acute, noncanonical Hh signaling mediated by Gi proteins regulates K+ currents density in cardiomyocytes and sensitizes the heart to the development of ventricular arrhythmias. © 2018 Cheng et al

The Results of Applying the Principles of Corporate Governance in Corporations Listed on the First Market in the Amman Stock Exchange

This study aims to determine the extent of the application of the principles of corporate governance in corporations listed on the First Market in the Amman Stock Exchange, to fulfill the objectives of the study questioners were distributed to the 55 first market corporations in the ASE, the results showed that there is a strong application of corporate governance in corporations listed on the First Market in the Amman Stock Exchange, a lack in awareness of corporate officers in these corporations about the importance of corporate governance principles, in addition to lack of confidentiality when it comes to sharing information with external users of the financial systems, and an increase in non-occupancy of executive tasks by Board members

Amplitude Scintillation Forecasting Using Bagged Trees

Electron density irregularities present within the ionosphere induce significant fluctuations in global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals. Fluctuations in signal power are referred to as amplitude scintillation and can be monitored through the S4 index. Forecasting the severity of amplitude scintillation based on historical S4 index data is beneficial when real-time data is unavailable. In this work, we study the possibility of using historical data from a single GPS scintillation monitoring receiver to train a machine learning (ML) model to forecast the severity of amplitude scintillation, either weak, moderate, or severe, with respect to temporal and spatial parameters. Six different ML models were evaluated and the bagged trees model was the most accurate among them, achieving a forecasting accuracy of $81\%$ using a balanced dataset, and $97\%$ using an imbalanced dataset.Comment: This paper was presented at IGARSS 2022, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. doi: 10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.988338

Do angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers prevent diabetes mellitus? A meta-analysis

Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) has increased exponentially in recent years, with 100 million people expected to develop diabetes in the coming 15 years. The impact of medical therapy on the incidence of new onset DM is not clear. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to study the impact of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) on the incidence of new onset DM. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, BIOSIS, Cochrane databases from inception until February 2009 for randomized controlled trials (RCT) that reported new incident DM with ACEI or ARB therapy. A total of 18 RCT are included in this meta-analysis. A random-effect model was used and between-studies heterogeneity was estimated with I2. Results: There were 50,451 patients randomized to ACEI or ARB and 50,397 patients randomized to other therapies. ACEI/ARB use was associated with a decrease in new onset DM (RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.70-0.88, p = 0.003 for ACEI and RR 0.8, 95% CI 0.75-0.86, p < 0.0001 for ARB). Treating 100 patients with ACEI or 50 patients with ARB prevents one case of new onset DM. Conclusions: The cumulative evidence suggests that the use of ACEI/ARB prevents diabetes mellitus. This finding may be of special clinical benefit in patients with hypertension and prediabetes or metabolic syndrome. (Cardiol J 2010; 17, 5: 448-456

Low admission triglyceride and mortality in acute coronary syndrome patients

Background: The relationship between admission triglyceride (TG) levels and long-term outcomes has not been established in patients with acute coronary syndrome. We tested the hypothesis that patients who develop non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) despite low TG have a worse cardiovascular outcome in the long term. Methods: Patients admitted with NSTEMI between 1 January 1997 and 31 December 2000 and with fasting lipid profiles measured within 24 hours of admission were included for analysis. Baseline characteristics and three-year all-cause mortality were compared between the patients with TG above and below the median. Multivariate analysis was used to determine the predictors of all-cause mortality and adjusted survival was analyzed using the Cox proportional hazard model. Results: Of 517 patients, 395 had TG &#163; 200 mg/dL and 124 had TG > 200 mg/dL. Patients with low TG were more often Caucasian, with no significant differences in gender or severity of coronary artery disease between the two groups. There was a trend for increased all-cause mortality at six months (9% vs 3%, p = 0.045) and three years (13.4% vs 5.6%, p = 0.016) in patients with low TG. In multivariate analysis, low TG level at admission was an independent predictor of increased mortality at three years (adjusted OR 2.5, 95% CI = 1.04&#8211;5.9, p = 0.04). Conclusions: In our cohort, lower TG at admission is associated with increased three-year mortality in patients with NSTEMI. Whether this is a result of current therapy, or a marker for worse baseline characteristics, needs to be studied further. (Cardiol J 2011; 18, 3: 297&#8211;303

Family Corporate Governance in the United Arab Emirates: Challenges and Prospects: Applied Legal Study

This study revolves around the most prominent challenges facing the governance of family companies in the UAE, represented by the inheritance of employment, the lack of strategic planning, and the slow pace with keeping up with new digital technologies. Added to these challenges the economic instability, the changes in the structure of these companies and thus their ability to overcome these challenges throughout their life across successive generations. This succession may conduct to the termination of these companies due the different commercial and organizational visions of each generation, as each of them considers that his vision is the most suitable for morning the company. By this study, we will try to extrapolate and to analyze the texts of the Federal Commercial Companies Law No. 2 of 2015 as well as the project of law on the organization of family ownership in Dubai of 2018, in order to know the extent of organization and governance of family companies. In the other hand, the possibility to establish companies in the Dubai International Financial Center oblige us to study the status of governance of family companies under the law and executive regulations of this center which is in line with the global financial systems and more specifically with the Anglo-American system based on contract to UAE commercials rules on Common Law Rules. The governance of family companies, as important as any Commerciale company, as it constitutes a strategic necessity in view of the crises in financial markets, by implanting a set of controls, norms, ethical and professional principles to enhance trust and credibility between the family partners. This logic impose to these companies to take the initiative of governance intend of still waiting the interference of the issuance of specific standards of governance to the government