Reconocimiento óptico de fuentes en inglés en documentos de imágenes utilizando eigenfaces

Introduction: In this paper, a system for recognizing fonts has been designed and implemented. The system is based on the Eigenfaces method. Because font recognition works in conjunction with other methods like Optical Character Recognition (OCR), we used Decapod and OCRopus software as a framework to present the method. Materials and Methods: In our experiments, text typeset with three English fonts (Comic Sans MS, DejaVu Sans Condensed,Times New Roman) have been used. Results and Discussion: The system is tested thoroughly using synthetic and degraded data. The experimental results show that Eigenfaces algorithm is very good at recognizing fonts of synthetic clean data as well as degraded data. The correct recognition rate for synthetic data for Eigenfaces is 99% based on Euclidean Distance. The overall accuracy of Eigenfaces is 97% based on 6144 degraded samples and considering Euclidean Distance performance criterion. Conclusions: It is concluded from the experimental results that the Eigenfaces method is suitable for font recognition of degraded documents. The three percentage incorrect classification can be mediated by relying on intra-word font information

The Role of Green Activity-Based Costing in Achieving Sustainability Development: Evidence From Iraq

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the effects of applying green activity-based costing (GABC) on the Sustainability Development of companies.   Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework included highlight on environmental issues, and the role of Modern methods of Cost and managerial accounting in reducing the harmful effects of industrial waste.   Design/methodology/approach: there are variety of reasons to carry out the study; including regulatory compliance, sustainable consumption, public perception, potential competitive advantages, and the impact of Sustainability Development on economic performance, stakeholders are urging or requiring organizations to be more ecologically conscious with regard to their products and operations. In order to accomplish the study's goals, it was implemented at the Basra Oil Refinery and based on actual data from the study sample's activity. method was relied upon distribution of costs based on green activity, the identification of its effects on the facility's Sustainability Development, and the creation of a model for the use of GABC.   Findings: According to the results of the experimental study, the study's findings that GABC may be used to assign expenditures based on green activity and to show how it affects both economic and Sustainability Development.   Research, Practical & Social implications: Because all manufacturing and consumption activities have some sort of negative impact on the environment during the creation, use, and disposal phases of their respective value chains, environmental management issues have recently been linked to the economy.   Originality/value: The research value of our current study, by employ modern methods of commissioning accounting in Iraqi manufacturing companies

Detecting Sticky Costs in Iraqi Industrial Companies an Empirical Study of a Sample of Iraqi Companies Registered on Iraq Stock Exchange

Purpose: This research aims to reveal the sticky costs in Iraqi joint stock companies.   Theoretical framework: Sticky costs refer to the costs that increase with the increase in revenues by a greater amount than their decrease in exchange for a similar decrease in revenues. To manage cost, it is important to understand and know the behavior of cost.   Design/methodology/approach: This research uses inductive and descriptive analytical methods that is commonly used in applied and field studies on accounting and management issues, as well as in literature and empirical studies to verify research proposals. This study adopted multiple logarithmic linear regression analysis estimated by ordinary least squares (OLS) to examine asymmetrical behavior of selling costs, general and administrative costs, and costs of goods sold individually and collectively (total costs) for a sample (101) of published lists of Iraqi joint stock companies registered in Iraqi Stock Exchange for the period 2010-2019.   Findings: The results showed that sticky behavior of selling and general and administrative costs and their components is a common phenomenon in cost behavior of Iraqi joint stock companies during the study period, while costs of goods sold, and total costs are not. The latter may have been showing anti-sticky behavior.   Research, Practical & Social implications: Our work contrasts the conventional model of cost behaviour, in which costs move proportionately with changes in activity, with an alternative model, in which sticky costs emerge. This is because managers consciously shift the resources devoted to activities.   Originality/value: The sticky cost research that has been done in relation to the initial sticky cost research, particularly in industrialised nations like the UAS, Uk, and Canada, is the main emphasis of this study. Future research will take into account how sticky research is developing in any other nations, which could expand our understanding of sticky cost research as a whole

Analyze the Human Movements to Help CNS to Shape the Synergy using CNMF and Pattern Recognition

© 2017 The Authors. The Biomedical Signals have been studied for developing human control systems to improving the quality of life. The EMG signal is one of the main types of biomedical signals. It is a convoluted signal. This signal (EMG signal) controlled by the Central nervous system (CNS). It has been a long time expected that the human central nervous system (CNS) uses flexible combinations of some muscles synergy (MS) to solve and control redundant movements. Synergy muscles activities are different in a single muscle. In the concept of Synergy muscle, the CNS does not directly control the activation of a large number of muscles. There are two main movements can help CNS to shape the synergy. The automatic body response and the voluntary actions. These activities remain not too bright. Some studies support the hypothesis that the automatic body responses could be used as a reference to familiarize the voluntary efforts. It has been validating by analyzing the human voluntary movement and the automatic mechanical motions from the muscle synergy. Based on the validation, there was a proposition that the automatic synergy motion may express some features which could support the CNS to shape the voluntary synergy motion using the nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF). Thus the target of the presenting work is to analyses the human movements from the muscle synergy to help CNS shapes the synergy movement by suggestion using the concatenated non-negative matrix factorization (CNMF) method and the pattern recognition method. Then compare the two results and see if that help CNS to shape the synergy movements and which method has more accuracy

Different chemical behaviors and antioxidant activity of three novel schiff bases containing hydroxyl groups. X-ray structure of CH2{cyclo-C6H10-NH=CH-(2-O-naphth)}2.H2O

The antioxidant activities of three new Schiff base compounds, 1–3, were studied through their direct scavenging ability to eliminate free radicals using DPPH and ABTS methods and also through their indirect antioxidant activity as measured using the ferric thiocyanate (FTC) method. The number of OH groups in the compounds and their positions play a role in the activity. The crystal structure of CH2{cycloC6H10NHCH-(2-O-naphth)}2.H2O (1), has been determined and proves the existence of intramolecular hydrogen-bonds and hydrogen-bonded water molecules and reveals the keto-amine (NH⋯O) tautomer of this compound. One cyclo-hexyl ring was found to be disordered, and was resolved in two orientations. Hydrogen atoms of the NHCH groups were located in difference maps and were refined freely. Compounds 2 and 3 exhibit the enol-imine form. The UV–vis spectra of the three compounds have been studied in organic solvents of different polarity, and in basic and acidic media, and were found helpful in understanding the tautomeric forms in these compounds; the polarity was modified by adding (CF3COOH) or [(C2H5)3N] to the solvent. All three compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, UV–vis, FTIR, NMR and MS

Closing the Gap between Research Evidence and Clinical Practice: Jordanian Nurses’ Perceived Barriers to Research Utilisation

Background: The nursing profession is a combination of theory and practical skill, and nurses are required to generate and develop knowledge through implementing research into clinical practice. Considerable number of barriers could hind implementing research findings into practice. Barriers to research utilisation are not identified in the Jordanian context. Aims and Objectives: To explore Jordanian nurses’ perception of the barriers to research utilisation in clinical practice. Design: A quantitative descriptive survey design was used. Methods: The sample consisted of 239 Jordanian nurses from one university hospital and three governmental hospitals. Nurses were conveniently recruited. Data was collection using the Barriers to Research utilisation questionnaire. Results: The majority of the participants were males (54%) and 53% of the participants were under the age of 30. The mean total score of barriers to research utilisation (BRU) was high at 2.97 (SD) out of 4 (the highest possible barriers score). The top three barriers were: “research results are not generalizable to their settings”, “lack of authority to change patient care procedures”, and “research articles are not published fast enough”. Conclusions: Barriers to research utilisation are high and were related to all aspects of research utilisation. These barriers need to be eliminated to improve the provided nursing care. To enhance research utilisation, a national-level guidance development system is needed. This will has the sole responsibility is to develop clinical guidelines, which are informed by the research, which practitioners and health services are then responsible for implementing into practice. Hence, hospital policies need to be reformed to address the procedure and activities of keeping the patients care up to date with current advances in healthcare disciplines. Keywords: Research utilisation, barriers, Jordan, Nurses, clinical practic

Upper limb recovery prediction after stroke rehabilitation based on regression method

© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019. In this paper, we investigate the possibility of a machine-learning algorithm using the Support Victor Machine Regression (SVMR) to predict the motor functional recovery of moderate post stroke patients during their rehabilitation program. To train the model, we used the recorded electromyography (EMG) signals from the upper limb muscles of the patients during their initial rehabilitation sessions. Then we tested the trained model to predict the later muscles performance of the patient during the same sessions. The results of this pilot study were promising; data were, to some extent, predictable. We believe such research direction could be essential to motivate the patient to complete the designed rehabilitation program and can assist the therapist to innovate proper rehabilitation menu for individual patients

Epidemiology of Autoimmune Diseases among Attendants of General Hospitals in Aseer region

It has long been recognized that environmental influences play an important role in the risk of developing Autoimmune disease. Defining specific pathogenic environmental mediators that may trigger the development or progression of autoimmune disease remains a focus of increasing investigative effort. Factors promoting disease may not be identical to factors that influence the severity or progression of the disorder. The cause(s) of autoimmune disorders remain largely unknown. Considerable evidence supports a role for environmental agents in inducing autoimmune disorders. OBJECTIVES: The study aims to explore the risk factors of autoimmune diseases among attendants of general hospitals in Aseer Region. Methods: case control study design was carried out  included 70  patients with multiple types of auto immune diseases attending general hospitals and primary health care centers in Abha city. They were clinically diagnosed as having autoimmune diseases. and 140 clinically free subjects , age and sex matched were included as controls. RESULTS: The present study included 70 autoimmune disease patients predominantly females (88.4%). Their mean age was 42.7 ± 12.1 years and disease duration was 11.2 ± 7.2 years. The mean age of the control group was 47.1 ± 13.6 years with no significant differences in the demographic data between the patients and control (p > 0.05). This study found no significant differences between cases with autoimmune diseases and sociodemographic characteristics. Conclusion :There is multiple determinants and risk factors affecting the occurrence of autoimmune diseases. Familial history, psychological stresses, hormonal supplementation, using hair dyes, smoking and recent vaccination were significant factors associated with autoimmune diseases. Keywords: Epidemiology, autoimmune, diseases, Aseer regio

Seasonal variation of Prunus necrotic ringspot virus concentration in almond, peach, and plum cultivars

Levels of Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) infection in almond, peach, and plum cultivars over the course of an entire year were determined by testing different plant parts of naturally infected trees, using the double antibody sandwich-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). The data showed that spring was the best time of year for PNRSV detection in flowers, active growing buds, and young leaves. PNRSV detection was less reliable during the summer months. Young leaves of all cultivars were the most reliable source for distinguishing between healthy and infected plants, while flowers and buds yielded high values in some cultivars but not in others. Seasonal fluctuations in virus concentration did not follow the same pattern in all cultivars. It is therefore impossible to distinguish between infected and healthy trees on the basis of one single sampling time for all cultivars