Synthesis of some novel sulfonyl ester derivatives derived from d-mannitol

AbstractThe preparation of sulfonate-derivatives of d-mannitol i.e. 1,2:3,4-di-O-isopropylidene-3,4-di-O-p-toluenesulfonate-d-mannitol (3a), 1,2:3,4-di-O-isopropylidene-3,4-di-O-methanesulfonate-d-mannitol (3b), and 1, 2:3,4-di-O-isopropylidene-3,4-di-O-trifluoromethanesulfonate-d-mannitol (3c) is described. Full characterization and methodologies of these sulfonate-d-mannitol derivatives have been described as well

Palladate precatalysts for the formation of C-N and C-C bonds

A series of imidazolium-based palladate precatalysts has been synthesized and the catalytic activity of these air- and moisture-stable complexes evaluated as a function of the nature of the imidazolium counterion. These precatalysts can be converted under catalytic conditions to Pd-NHC species capable of enabling the Buchwald-Hartwig aryl amination and the alpha-arylation of ketones. Both reactions can be carried out efficiently under very mild operating conditions. The effectiveness of the protocol was tested on functionality-laden substrates

Synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial activity and molecular docking studies of combined pyrazol-barbituric acid pharmacophores

Purpose: To synthesize, and determine the antibacterial activity and binding mode of new pyrazolbarbituric acid derivatives in a search for new antimicrobial agents.Methods: One-pot multi-component reaction of aldehyde derivatives, barbituric acid and 3-methyl-1- phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5(4H)-one in the presence of NHEt2 to afford Michael adduct was carried out. The reaction was carried out in water and afforded new heterocycles in a one-step fashion, with expedient work-up and high yield without extraction and purification steps. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for antimicrobial activity using agar disc diffusion. Molecular docking approach via MOE-Dock program was applied to predict the binding interactions of some of the new pyrazol-barbituric acid derivatives against six different target proteins downloaded from Protein Data Bank.Results: A series of pyrazole-barbituric acid derivatives were successfully synthesized and characterized. The synthesized compounds showed moderate to very good antibacterial activity against S. aureus ATCC 29213 and E. faecalis ATCC29212, as well as also antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10400Conclusion: A series of pyrazole-barbituric acid derivatives has been synthesized and some of them display antimicrobial activities.Keywords: Pyrazole, Barbituric acid, Pyrazole-barbituric acid derivatives, Antimicrobial activity, Molecular dockin

Steganography and Cryptography Techniques Based Secure Data Transferring Through Public Network Channel

من المعلوم انه غالبا ما يتم مهاجمة البيانات المنقولة عبر شبكة الانترنيت ملايين المرات في اليوم الواحد. ولمعالجة هذه المشكلة، تم اقتراح طريقة آمنة تقوم بتأمين البيانات المنقولة عبر الشبكة. الطريقة المقترحة تعتمد تقنيتين لضمان النقل الآمن للرسالة المنقولة. اذ يتم تشفير الرسالة كخطوة أولى، ثم يتم إخفاؤها في غلاف فيديو معين. تقنية التشفير المقترحة هي خوارزمية تشفير انسيابية (RC4) لزيادة سرية الرسالة، وكذلك تحسين خوارزمية تضمين البتات الأقل أهمية (LSB) لتوفير مستوى أمان إضافي. يأتي تحسين طريقة الـ LSB التقليدية من خلال استبدال الاختيار المتسلسل المعتمد سابقا في طريقة الاختيار العشوائي لكل من الإطارات والبكسل من خلال استخدام مفتاحين عشوائيين سريين على التوالي. لذا، تبقى الرسالة المخفية محمية حتى إن تم اختراق الكائن المخفي(stego) لأن المهاجم سيكون غير قادر على معرفة الإطارات والبكسلات الحقيقية التي تتضمن كل جزء من أجزاء الرسالة السرية بالإضافة إلى صعوبة إعادة بناء الرسالة بشكل صحيح. النتائج المتحصلة من البحث تشير إلى أن الطريقة المقترحة توفّر أداءً جيدًا وفقا لمقاييس التقييم المعتمدة عند مقارنتها بعدد كبير من الطرق السابقة ذات الصلة بهذا النوع من الاعمال.Attacking a transferred data over a network is frequently happened millions time a day. To address this problem, a secure scheme is proposed which is securing a transferred data over a network. The proposed scheme uses two techniques to guarantee a secure transferring for a message. The message is encrypted as a first step, and then it is hided in a video cover.  The proposed encrypting technique is RC4 stream cipher algorithm in order to increase the message's confidentiality, as well as improving the least significant bit embedding algorithm (LSB) by adding an additional layer of security. The improvement of the LSB method comes by replacing the adopted sequential selection by a random selection manner of the frames and the pixels with two secret random keys. Therefore, the hidden message remains protected even if the stego-object is hacked because the attacker is unable to know the correct frames and pixels that hold each bit of the secret message in addition to difficulty to successfully rebuild the message. The results refer to that the proposed scheme provides a good performance for evaluation metric that is used in this purpose when compared to a large number of related previous methods

Input current control of boost converters using current-mode controller integrated with linear quadratic regulator

The application of power electronic converter in the renewable energy systems significantly increases their efficiencies by maintaining the operation of these systems at the optimal operating points, therefore, absorbing the maximum available power from the renewable sources all the time. In this paper, the small-signal models of the open-loop, current-mode controlled boost converter are derived. In addition, both the Current Mode Control (CMC) and the Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) methods are combined to design a controller that forces the input current of the converter to follow accurately a reference current, which could be generated using maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms. The controller performance is tested under transient conditions and with disturbance signals using MATLAB/Simulink simulation package. The simulation results indicate that both a good response and disturbance rejection are achieved in tested conditions

Molecular Detection of Strongyloides ratti in Faecal Samples from Wild Rats in Serdang, Malaysia

Purpose: To detect Strongyloides ratti in faecal samples using conventional methods and to confirm the identification using a sensitive and specific method, namely, polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Methods: A PCR method targeting the small subunit of the rRNA gene was performed in this study for the detection of DNA from Strongyloides ratti (an animal model of S. stercoralis) in faecal samples of wild Brown rats, Rattus norvegicus.Results: Strongyloides ratti was detected in 34.2 % of collected rats by different conventional techniques and confirmed by PCR. The essay presented 100 % sensitivity with Strongyloides universal primer.Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that the application of PCR with universal primer is a very sensitive methodology to detect S. ratti in faecal material of wild rats infected even with very low parasite burden.Keywords: Faecal, Parasite, Strongyloides stercoralis, Strongyloides ratti, Brown Rat, DNA, Universal prime

NEW STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING NETWORK SECURITY AGAINST CYBER ATTACK BASED ON INTELLIGENT ALGORITHMS

Gradually, since the number of linked computer systems that use networks linked to the Internet is raised the information that is delivered through those systems becomes more vulnerable to cyber threats. This article presents proposed algorithms based on Machine Learning (ML) that ensure early detection of cyber threats that cause network breaking through the use of the Correlation Ranking Filter feature selection method. These proposed algorithms were applied to the Multi-Step Cyber-Attack Dataset (MSCAD) which consists of 66 features. The proposed strategy will apply machine learning algorithms like Adaptive Boosting-Deep Learning (AdaBoost-Deep Learning) or (ABDL), Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Bayesian Networks Model (BNM), and Random Forest (RF), the feature would be decreased to high valuable of 46 features were included with a threshold of 0.1 or higher. The accuracy would be increased when the no. of features decreased to 46 with a threshold of ≥ 0.1 with the ABDL algorithm producing an accuracy of 99.7076%. The obtained results showed that the proposed algorithm delivered a suitable accuracy of 99.6791% with the ABDL algorithm even with a higher number of features

Corrigendum to “Novel spirooxindole based benzimidazole scaffold: In vitro, nanoformulation and in vivo studies on anticancer and antimetastatic activity of breast adenocarcinoma”

This is a critical needed correction. In Fig. 15, the image corresponding to the lung from mouse treated with 25 mg/kg was taken from the same section of the mouse that was treated with 10 mg/kg. The corrected Fig. 15 [Formula presented] Fig. 15. Microscopic pictures of H&amp;E stained lung sections from groups received (A) 4*106 cells/200 μL showing congested blood vessels (red arrows), peribronchial and interstitial aggregation (black arrows) of tumour cells admixed with MNCs. Microscopic pictures of H&amp;E stained lungs sections from treated groups (B) 10 or (c) 25 mg/kg) showing disappeared congestion with decreased numbers of perivascular and interstitial infiltration of tumour cells. Increasing dose of treatment 25 mg/kg was more efficient than 10 mg/kg. Low magnification X: 100 with 100 μm scale bar.</p