21 research outputs found
Impact of weight reduction on insulin resistance, adhesive molecules and adipokines dysregulation among obese type 2 diabetic patients
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is usually related to vascular problems and is associated with impairment in endothelial function characterized by impaired endothelial-dependent vasodilation and increased platelet adhesion. There is limitation in clinical studies that have addressed the beneficial effects of weight reduction in modulating biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and adipokines dysregulation for obesity associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Objective: This study was designed to detect the effects of weight loss on insulin resistance, adhesive molecules and adipokines dysregulation in obese type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: Eighty obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, their age ranged from 35-55 years and their body mass index ranged from 31-37 kg/m2Â were equally assigned into 2 groups:Â the weight reduction group received aerobic exercises in addition to diet regimen, where the control group received medical treatment only for 12 weeks. Results: There was a 24.04%, 19.33%, 22.78% ,12.28%, 9.35%, 22.53% & 10.12 % reduction in mean values of Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance Index (HOMA-IR), Leptin, Adiponectin, Resistin, intercellular cell adhesion molecule -1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and E-selectin & body mass index (BMI) respectively in addition to 26.20% & 24.58% increase in the mean values of adiponectin & the quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI) respectively in group (A) at the end of the study. The mean values of leptin, resistin, insulin, HOMA-IR, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin & BMI were significantly decreased in addition to significant increase in the mean values of adiponectin & QUICKI in group (A) those that received aerobic exercise training in addition to diet regimen. While the results of group (B) those that received no treatment intervention were not significant. In addition, there were significant differences between mean levels of the investigated parameters in group (A) and group (B) after treatment (P<0.05).Conclusion: Within the limit of this study, 10% reduction in body mass index modulates insulin resistance, adhesive molecules and adipokines dysregulation among obese type 2 diabetic patients.Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes, obesity, adhesive molecules, adipokines, insulin resistance, weight reduction
Aerobic exercise modulates cytokine profile and sleep quality in elderly
Background: Sleep disturbance is a major problem for older adults which can be exacerbated by increased inflammation as aging is associated with increased circulating pro-inflammatory and lower anti-inflammatory cytokines. There is a need to develop alternative medicine techniques to help improve sleep quality in the elderly.Objective: To investigate the effects of aerobic exercise training on the sleep quality and inflammatory cytokines in elderly subjects.Material and methods: Forty previously sedentary elderly subjects participated in this study, their age ranged from 61- 67 years. All subjects were randomly assigned to supervised aerobic exercise intervention group (group A, n=25) or control group (group B, n=25). Polysomnographic recordings for sleep quality assessment, interleukin- 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured before and after 6 months at the end of the study.Results: There was a significant increase in total sleep duration, sleep efficiency and sleep onset latency in group(A) after 6 months of aerobic exercise training, while, wake time after sleep onset and rapid eye movement (REM) latency significantly reduced after 6 months of aerobic training compared with values obtained prior to aerobic exercise training. Also, the mean values of TNF- α and IL-6 decreased significantly and the mean value of IL-10 significantly increased in group (A) after the aerobic exercise training, however the results of the control group were not significant. Moreover, there were significant differences between both groups at the end of the study.Conclusion: Exercise training can be considered as a non-pharmacological modality for modifying sleep quality and inflammation among elderly.Keywords: Sleep quality, inflammatory cytokines, aerobic exercise, aging
Impact of weight reduction on selected immune system response among Hepatitis C virus Saudi patients
Background: Recently, about 2.35% of the world populations are estimated to be chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). Previous cohort studies indicated that obesity increases risk of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in non-diabetic patients with chronic hepatitis C infection due to diminished response to anti-viral therapy and as a result obesity is considered as an important factor in the progression of chronic HCV. However, there is a strong association between BMI and the human immune system among HCV patients.Objective: This study aimed to examine effects of weight reduction program on selected immune parameters among HCV Saudi patients. Material and methods: One-hundred obese Saudi patients with chronic HCV infection participated in this study, their age ranged from 50- 58 years and their body mass index (BMI) ranged from 30-35 kg/m2. All Subjects were included in two groups: The first group received weight reduction program in the form of treadmill aerobic exercises in addition to diet control whereas, the second group received no therapeutic intervention. Parameters of CD3, CD4 and CD8 were quantified; Leukocyte, differential counts and BMI were measured before and after 3 months, at the end of the study. Results: The mean values of BMI, white blood cells, total neutrophil count, monocytes, CD3, CD4 and CD8 were significantly decreased in the training group as a result of weight loss program; however the results of the control group were not significant. Also, there were significant differences between both groups at the end of the study.Conclusion: Weight loss modulates immune system parameters of patients with HCV.Keywords: Hepatitis C virus, obesity, immune system, weight reduction
Exercise alleviates depression related systemic inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients.
Background: Depression is a highly prevalent co-morbidity in Chronic
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) which was shown to be associated
with a worse course of disease, including reduced quality of life and
increased symptoms burden, healthcare use, and even mortality. It has
been speculated that systemic inflammation may play a role in the
presence of depression. Currently, physical activity is an important
lifestyle factor that has the potential to modify inflammatory
cytokines and depression, however our understanding of how to use
exercise effectively in COPD patients to alleviate depression related
systemic inflammation is incomplete and has prompted our interest to
identify the type and intensities of effective exercise. Objective: The
aim of this study was to measure the changes in depression related
systemic inflammation of aerobic exercise training in COPD patients in
Jeddah area. Material and Methods: Eighty patients with moderate
severity of COPD participated in this study and were divided into two
groups; the first group received aerobic exercise, whereas the second
group received no exercise training for 12 weeks. Results: The mean
values of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-\u3b1), interleukin-4
(IL-4), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP) and Beck
Depression Inventory (BDI) scores were significantly decreased in in
group (A) after treatments, but the changes in group (B) were not
significant .Also, there were significant differences between mean
levels of the investigated parameters in group (A) and group (B) at the
end of the study. Conclusion: Aerobic exercise is an effective
treatment policy to improve depression related to systemic inflammation
in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Aerobic exercises alleviate symptoms of fatigue related to inflammatory cytokines in obese patients with type 2 diabetes.
Background: Non-insulin dependent diabetic patients frequently suffer from fatigue symptoms that result from chronic systemic inflammation. Aerobic exercise was proved to modulate systemic inflammation.Objective: This study was an attempt to measure the impact of aerobic exercises on fatigue symptoms related to systemic inflammation in obese patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods: Eighty obese patients with type 2 diabetes participated in the present study, their age ranged from 40- 58 years and their BMI ranged from 31-36 kg/m2 and were assigned to two subgroups; group (A) received aerobic exercise training for 12 weeks and group (B) received no exercise training for 3 months. Measurements of fatigue symptoms and markers of systemic inflammation were assessed before and at the end of the study for all participants in both groups.Results: The mean values of inflammatory markers (IL-6 and TNF-α) and Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI) was significantly decreased in group (A), while changes were not significant in group (B). Moreover, there were significant differences between mean levels of the investigated parameters in group (A) and group (B) at the end of the study.Conclusion: Treadmill walking exercise training is an effective treatment policy to improve symptoms of fatigue related to inflammatory cytokines in obese patients with type 2 diabetes.Keywords: Aerobic exercise, inflammatory cytokines, obesity, Type 2 diabetes, fatigue syndrome
Biochemical parameters response to weight loss in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
Background: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a chronic liver disease that is capable of progressing to end-stage liver disease, but generally has a benign course. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a growing public health problem with no approved therapy. NASH projected to be the leading cause of liver transplantation in the United States by 2020. Obesity, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidaemia are the most common associations of the disease. Global prevalence of NASH is 10-24% amongst general population but increases to 25–75% in obese diabetic individuals.Objective: There is an urgent need for efficient therapeutic options as there is still no approved medication. The aim of this study was to detect changes in biochemical parameters including insulin resistance, cytokines, blood lipid profile and liver enzymes following weight loss in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.Materials and methods: One hundred obese patients with NASH, their age between 35-50 years, body mass index (BMI) from 30 to 35 Kg/m2 were included in the study in two subgroups; the first group (A) received moderate aerobic exercise training in addition to diet regimen , where the second group (B) received no treatment intervention.Results: The mean values of leptin, TNF-α, IL6, IL8, Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance- index (HOMA-IR), Total Cholesterol (TC), Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-c) , Triglycerides (TG) and BMI were significantly decreased in group (A), where the mean value of Adiponectin and High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-c) were significantly increased, while there were no significant changes in group (B). Also, there was a significant difference between both groups at the end of the study.Conclusion: Weight loss modulates insulin resistance, adiponectin, leptin, inflammatory cytokine levels and markers of hepatic function in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.Keywords: Weight loss, insulin resistance, cytokines, liver enzymes, nonalcoholic steatohepatiti
Impact of aerobic versus resisted exercise training on systemic inflammation biomarkers and quality of Life among obese post-menopausal women
Background: Although post-menopausal obesity is an important public
national health problem in Saudi Arabia, to date no study has evaluated
the effects of weight reduction on biochemical & clinical
parameters and quality of Life for obese Saudi post-menopausal women.
Objective: The aim of this study was examine the effects of aerobic
versus resisted exercise training effects upon systemic inflammation
biomarkers and quality of life for obese post-menopausal Saudi women.
Material and Methods: One hundred Saudi post-menopausal obese women
participated in this study, their age ranged from 50-58 years and their
body mass index (BMI) ranged from 30-35 kg/m2. All participants were
divided into two equal groups: The first group received aerobic
exercise training on treadmill where, the second group received
resisted exercise training. Health-related quality of life (SF-36
HRQL), tumor necrosis factor\u2013 alpha(TNF-\u3b1),
Interleukin-2(IL-2), Interleukin-4 (IL-4), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and
C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured before and after 3 months at the
end of the study. Results: The mean values of SF-36 HRQL subscale
scores were significantly increased, while the mean value of
TNF-\u3b1, Il-2, IL-4, IL-6,CRP and BMI were significantly decreased
in both groups after treatments. There were significant differences
between mean levels of the investigated parameters in group (A) and
group (B) after treatment with more changes in patients received
aerobic exercise training. Conclusion: The current study provides
evidence that aerobic exercise is more appropriate than resisted
exercise training in modulating inflammatory cytokines and quality of
life among obese post-menopausal women
Aerobic exercise modulates cytokine profile and sleep quality in elderly
Background: Sleep disturbance is a major problem for older adults which
can be exacerbated by increased inflammation as aging is associated
with increased circulating pro-inflammatory and lower anti-inflammatory
cytokines. There is a need to develop alternative medicine techniques
to help improve sleep quality in the elderly. Objective: To investigate
the effects of aerobic exercise training on the sleep quality and
inflammatory cytokines in elderly subjects. Material and methods: Forty
previously sedentary elderly subjects participated in this study, their
age ranged from 61- 67 years. All subjects were randomly assigned to
supervised aerobic exercise intervention group (group A, n=25) or
control group (group B, n=25). Polysomnographic recordings for sleep
quality assessment, interleukin- 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor- alpha
(TNF-\u3b1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured before and after
6 months at the end of the study. Results: There was a significant
increase in total sleep duration, sleep efficiency and sleep onset
latency in group(A) after 6 months of aerobic exercise training, while,
wake time after sleep onset and rapid eye movement (REM) latency
significantly reduced after 6 months of aerobic training compared with
values obtained prior to aerobic exercise training. Also, the mean
values of TNF- \u3b1 and IL-6 decreased significantly and the mean
value of IL-10 significantly increased in group (A) after the aerobic
exercise training, however the results of the control group were not
significant. Moreover, there were significant differences between both
groups at the end of the study. Conclusion: Exercise training can be
considered as a non-pharmacological modality for modifying sleep
quality and inflammation among elderly. DOI:
https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v19i2.45 Cite as: Abd El-Kader SM,
Al-Jiffri OH. Aerobic exercise modulates cytokine profile and sleep
quality in elderly. Afri Health Sci.2019;19(2): 2198-2207.
https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v19i2.4
Impact of weight reduction on selected immune system response among Hepatitis C virus Saudi patients
Background: Recently, about 2.35% of the world populations are
estimated to be chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV).
Previous cohort studies indicated that obesity increases risk of
hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in non-diabetic patients with chronic
hepatitis C infection due to diminished response to anti-viral therapy
and as a result obesity is considered as an important factor in the
progression of chronic HCV. However, there is a strong association
between BMI and the human immune system among HCV patients. Objective:
This study aimed to examine effects of weight reduction program on
selected immune parameters among HCV Saudi patients. Material and
methods: One-hundred obese Saudi patients with chronic HCV infection
participated in this study, their age ranged from 50- 58 years and
their body mass index (BMI) ranged from 30-35 kg/m2 . All Subjects were
included in two groups: The first group received weight reduction
program in the form of treadmill aerobic exercises in addition to diet
control whereas, the second group received no therapeutic intervention.
Parameters of CD3, CD4 and CD8 were quantified; Leukocyte, differential
counts and BMI were measured before and after 3 months, at the end of
the study. Results: The mean values of BMI, white blood cells, total
neutrophil count, monocytes, CD3, CD4 and CD8 were significantly
decreased in the training group as a result of weight loss program;
however the results of the control group were not significant. Also,
there were significant differences between both groups at the end of
the study. Conclusion: Weight loss modulates immune system parameters
of patients with HCV
Impact of weight reduction on insulin resistance, adhesive molecules and adipokines dysregulation among obese type 2 diabetic patients
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is usually related to vascular
problems and is associated with impairment in endothelial function
characterized by impaired endothelial-dependent vasodilation and
increased platelet adhesion. There is limitation in clinical studies
that have addressed the beneficial effects of weight reduction in
modulating biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and adipokines
dysregulation for obesity associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Objective: This study was designed to detect the effects of weight loss
on insulin resistance, adhesive molecules and adipokines dysregulation
in obese type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: Eighty obese patients with
type 2 diabetes mellitus, their age ranged from 35-55 years and their
body mass index ranged from 31-37 kg/m2 were equally assigned into 2
groups: the weight reduction group received aerobic exercises in
addition to diet regimen, where the control group received medical
treatment only for 12 weeks. Results: There was a 24.04%, 19.33%,
22.78% ,12.28%, 9.35%, 22.53% & 10.12 % reduction in mean values of
Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance Index (HOMA-IR),
Leptin, Adiponectin, Resistin, intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1
(ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and E-selectin
& body mass index (BMI) respectively in addition to 26.20% &
24.58% increase in the mean values of adiponectin & the
quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI) respectively in
group (A) at the end of the study. The mean values of leptin, resistin,
insulin, HOMA-IR, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin & BMI were
significantly decreased in addition to significant increase in the mean
values of adiponectin & QUICKI in group (A) those that received
aerobic exercise training in addition to diet regimen. While the
results of group (B) those that received no treatment intervention were
not significant. In addition, there were significant differences
between mean levels of the investigated parameters in group (A) and
group (B) after treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion: Within the limit of
this study, 10% reduction in body mass index modulates insulin
resistance, adhesive molecules and adipokines dysregulation among obese
type 2 diabetic patients