2 research outputs found
Knowledge and behaviors of parents towards child vaccination in Jazan, Saudi Arabia
Purpose: To evaluate parental knowledge, attitudes and behaviors towards child vaccination in Saudi Arabia and to examine the factors associated with immunization.
Methods: An observational cross-sectional survey was conducted in Jazan, southwest Saudi Arabia. A total of 447 parents who visited the primary health care centers were enrolled using a multistage stratified random sampling method. A structured, self-administered questionnaire involving information on parental knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards childhood vaccination was used for data collection. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze and to interpret the data.
Results: The immunization knowledge level was 68.0 %, and most respondents had a positive attitude (86.6 %) toward child vaccination. Mothers (74.7 %) showed signs of a higher level of knowledge than fathers (60.5 %). In turn, fathers (91.9 %) had a significantly more positive attitude towards immunization than mothers (81.9 %). Parents working in the medical field showed a significantly high level of knowledge and a significantly positive attitude towards child immunization (p < 0.05). The logistic regression model suggested that the most important independent predictors of immunization compliance were being a mother and working in the health field.
Conclusion: The results show that most of the parents have acceptable levels of knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Health educational programs are needed to improve the levels of parental knowledge and practices
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Health- and Vision-Related Quality of Life in a Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Methotrexate and Mycophenolate Mofetil for Uveitis
PurposeTo evaluate changes in health-related and vision-related quality of life (VRQoL) among patients with noninfectious uveitis who were treated with antimetabolites.DesignSecondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.ParticipantsPatients with noninfectious uveitis from India, the United States, Australia, Saudi Arabia, and Mexico.MethodsFrom 2013 through 2017, 216 participants were randomized to receive 25 mg weekly oral methotrexate or 1.5 g twice daily oral mycophenolate mofetil. Median changes in quality of life (QoL) were measured using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, and differences between treatment groups were measured using linear mixed models, adjusting for baseline QoL score, age, gender, and site. Among Indian patients, VRQoL scores from a general scale (the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire [NEI-VFQ]) and a culturally specific scale (the Indian Visual Function Questionnaire [IND-VFQ]) were compared using Pearson correlation tests.Main outcome measuresVision-related QoL (NEI-VFQ and IND-VFQ) and health-related QoL (HRQoL; physical component score [PCS] and mental component score [MCS] of the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Survey [SF-36v2]) were measured at baseline, the primary end point (6 months or treatment failure before 6 months), and the secondary end point (12 months or treatment failure between 6 and 12 months).ResultsAmong 193 participants who reached the primary end point, VRQoL increased from baseline by a median of 12.0 points (interquartile range [IQR], 1.0-26.1, NEI-VFQ scale), physical HRQoL increased by a median of 3.6 points (IQR, -1.4 to 14.9, PCS SF-36v2), and mental HRQoL increased by a median of 3.0 points (IQR, -3.7 to 11.9, MCS SF-36v2). These improvements in NEI-VFQ, SF-36v2 PCS, and SF-36v2 MCS scores all were significant (P < 0.01). The linear mixed models showed that QoL did not differ between treatment groups for each QoL assessment (NEI-VFQ, IND-VFQ, PCS SF-36v2, and MCS SF-36v2; P > 0.05 for all). The NEI-VFQ and IND-VFQ scores for Indian participants were correlated highly at baseline and the primary and secondary end points (correlation coefficients, 0.87, 0.80, and 0.90, respectively).ConclusionsAmong patients treated with methotrexate or mycophenolate mofetil for uveitis, VRQoL and HRQoL improved significantly over the course of 1 year and did not differ by treatment allocation. These findings suggest that antimetabolites could improve overall patient well-being and daily functioning