Listening to Unheard Voices: Exploring Salespeople’s Perspective on The Value of Corporate Heritage

Purpose This study aims to examine salespeople’s perspectives on the value of corporate heritage to relationship selling and the issue of trust in personal selling situations in the context of emerging markets. Design/methodology/approach An interpretive approach was adopted, and 16 semi-structured interviews were conducted with senior salespeople in heritage institutions operating in Jordan. Findings This study reveals that corporate heritage is a valuable organizational resource for relationship selling. Reflecting the values of “trust” and “affinity,” corporate heritage confers trust to salespeople and their products in personal selling situations. Sales managers are advised to use corporate heritage to strengthen sales activities and empower salespeople. Originality/value While previous research has explained the significance of corporate heritage to relationship marketing, the significance of corporate heritage to relationship selling and the issue of trust in personal selling situations remain unexplored. Jordan represents a context that has been largely neglected despite being typical of the corporate heritage phenomenon

Synthesis, Characterization and Thermal Behavior of Four Arms Poly(L-lactide) via Ring Opening Polymerization

Four (4-arms, polyL-Lactide) were prepared by having different repeating units (10, 25, 50 and 100) from Erythritols and L-Lactide. The polymers were characterized by several methods as FT-IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, Gel Permission Chromatography and Scanning Electron Microscopy and finally their thermal stability was evaluated. The all characterization methods were confirmed the expected structure of prepared polymers, on the other hand the prepared polymers have a thermal stabilizing above 175° C, therefore, it is expected to be suitable for use in tissue engineering and drug release applications.   Keywords: poly L-Lactide, four arms, ring-opening polymerization, thermal behavior.

Microbial resistance in patients with urinary tract infections in Al-Mukalla, Yemen

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is an aggravating and common problem in human at sometimes during their life and may give more complications.Objective: To project antimicrobial resistance in patients with UTI as a wide problem among cases referred to the National Center of Public Health Laboratories in Ibn-Sina Teaching Hospital in Al- Mukalla, Hadhramout Governorate in Yemen.Materials and methods: From 290 cases referred from Ibn-Sina Teaching Hospital outpatients, urine samples were tested and reported in the National Center for Public Health Laboratories at the period from 2003 to 2006. Data were obtained from the records of the center (for urine examination, culture and sensitivity test) and analyzed.Results: Among 290 cases, 147(50.7%) were suffering from urinary tract infection. E. coli, which is the normal intestinal flora, was the most common isolate 52 (35.4%). E. coli showed high resistance against quinolones (84.6%) and penicillin (78.8%) and there was no resistance against macrolides. Conclusion: Microbial resistance strains were high, which may be due to the abuse of antibiotics.Keywords: Hadhramout, E. coli, macrolides, quinolones

An Assessment Tool for E-Government System Performance:-A Citizen-Centric Model

Governments worldwide have, increasingly, implemented e-government initiatives for their potential significant benefits; among which, delivering better services to citizens through increasing citizens‟ convenience, satisfaction, and independence; and saving their time, effort, and cost. Achieving each benefit is an objective to these governments and fulfilling each objective is considered a critical success factors. Hence, governments need to assess the extent to which they were able to obtain their preset goals. This study merely focuses on the citizens‟ perspective of the evaluation. However, the literature seems to lack studies that propose such a sufficient evaluation tool that has been reliably validated. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to fill this gap by proposing and validating a conceptual model and an associated evaluation tool which measures the e-government performance from citizens‟ perspective. The model includes factors which impact citizens‟ perceptions and their psychological and tangible benefits which, in turn, influence their adoption. The model was validated by a survey method and analyzed using PLS. The results support our model and shows that almost all paths in the proposed model are significant

Relation between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with some biochemical variables in high-risk aborted women in Mosul city, Iraq

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), or Kissing Virus, is a member of the Herpes virus that can be a contributory factor for compromised pregnant, high-risk aborted women worldwide. The present study aimed to detect high-risk EBV by the Monospot test for pregnant, high-risk aborted women, to detect immunoglobulin IgM and IgG for EBV using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique, to distinguish the infections as acute, chronic, or reactivated, and to determination of Enzymes as Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Alanine Transaminase (ALT).A cohort of 91 serum samples were collected from high-risk aborted women (ages 15-45 years) who attended Al-Medina Private Laboratory from February to December 2022.Sera were tested for heterophile antibodies(HA) associated with Infectious Mononucleosis (IM) caused by EBV by Latex Agglutination slide test (IM Quick test) and were tested for IgM and IgG antibodies against EBV-CA in serum using the ELISA kit.Sera from the patients and healthy controls were analyzed for Glutamate-Pyruvate Transaminase (GPT), Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (GOT), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), and Alkaline phosphatase. Compared to healthy controls, the data showed that the late phase with loss and reactivated infection was responsible for 25% of cases and that the acute and late infection cases had a high of 64%. There were significant differences in the level of these hormones;aborted women showed increased levels of serum ALP (70.83) while having a reverse effect with serum ALT (11.7) and AST (25.43). EBV activation was higher in the aborted women. The study would help to determine the role of EBV in the pathogenesis of abortion.

Evaluation of 2008 Traffic Safety Policies in Jordan

The problem of traffic accidents is a major problem in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and represents a serious safety and economic challenge for the state. Traffic accidents are considered the second leading cause of death. This paper evaluated the impacts of the traffic policies undertaken in 2008 on traffic accidents and fatalities, including the intensification of police enforcement and implementation of traffic law with stiff penalty levels. To accomplish this objective, accidents’ data of 1990 through 2009 were obtained from Jordan Traffic Institute and other related sources. Results of analysis revealed that Jordan has experienced huge human and economic losses as well as social and emotional negative impacts. Furthermore, the safety policy measures undertaken in 2008, including the intensification of police enforcement and the increase of penalties for excessive speed had an overall positive influence in reducing accidents and fatalities. However, the application of 2007 traffic policy with stiffer penalties was the most effective measure. Finally, it is highly recommended to reapply 2007 traffic law with stiffer penalties since it contributed in reducing accidents and fatalities more than 2008 traffic law. In addition, it is recommended to apply all the needed safety polices to reduce the traffic accidents phenomenon in Jordan