Recognition physical activities with optimal number of wearable sensors using data mining algorithms and deep belief network

© 2017 IEEE. Daily physical activities monitoring is benefiting the health care field in several ways, in particular with the development of the wearable sensors. This paper adopts effective ways to calculate the optimal number of the necessary sensors and to build a reliable and a high accuracy monitoring system. Three data mining algorithms, namely Decision Tree, Random Forest and PART Algorithm, have been applied for the sensors selection process. Furthermore, the deep belief network (DBN) has been investigated to recognise 33 physical activities effectively. The results indicated that the proposed method is reliable with an overall accuracy of 96.52% and the number of sensors is minimised from nine to six sensors

Development G-Index and H-Index : Dgh-Index

Of the most  important  indicators such as the h-index ,a method of measuring the productivity and impact of an academic's work, is often used as a component or metric in the ranking of higher education institutions and their staff then proposed the g index as a modification of the h index. So the g-index, have been Trying to develop and improve the disadvantage  in h-index. and  although the g-index can provide a more comprehensive measure of scientific contribution, but value g-index  is integer where  two authors or more than may be get the same g-index value although different  number  of citations and papers, making it difficult to differentiate performance  between authors so in paper we suggest improvement index to resolve this problem is called dgh-index  that gives new features to g-index  and h-index  that  give us real number not an integer

The Struggle against Extremism in the Supply Chain of International Human Rights Law

The world in general and the Middle East, in particular, are witnessing a new wave of extremist movements that want to impose their backward ideas on peoples. These groups use armed force to kill innocent women, children and the elderly. Although human beings are considered one of the origin and they share common features, but they differ in colors and objects and shapes, depending on the different nature from which they come, and factors affecting the configuration profile for a person, because of mixing between human beings. As human beings different in ideas and aspirations, customs and beliefs and national assets, and differ in the homeland and psychological trends and configuration Profile, historical and cultural factors: This is what creates barriers for long relationship between them. Diversity and differences between the different communities, but it has become within the same community was not considered. It was this diversity and difference and still is, one of the reasons for the destruction and abuse, the victim went millions of people. In this paper the struggle against extremism in the supply chain of international human rights law will be investigated

Accepting the other and Tolerance in the International Law of Human Rights, and Their Application in the Arab States

Accepting The Other And Tolerance In The International Law Of Human Rights And Their Application In The Arab States Professor Dr. Suhail Hussein Al-Fatlawi The principle of accepting the other is an important element in the application of democracy and achieving peace and security between the members of the same society and establishing justice. People who refuse to accept the other cannot coexist with others, and hence wars erupt between them and consequently they suffer from the occurrence of catastrophes, disasters and tragedies, and all this due to their refusal to accept the other. Arab states suffered from dictatorial and socialist regimes, and from accepting not the other, and therefore Arab peoples in Arab countries were deprived of the culture of accepting the other. Despite political developments which occurred after 1990, and application of democratic institution by Arab countries, these peoples still refuse to accept the other, and this is due to historic, racial and cultural reasons. Democracy in the west contributed to entrenching the principle of accepting the other as well as to tolerance, meanwhile this principle dissociated the Arab society, and caused the appearance of religious, sectarian and racial prejudices, and increased the acuity of conflicts between the members of the same society. This has led to the disappearance of the principle of accepting the other, and the disappearance of tolerance, and the spread of terrorist organizations. In this research we will discuss the principle of difference and diversity and the scope of difference and diversity and accepting the other, and we will end the research by a conclusion of most important results and suggestions. I-Introduction: Humanity suffered from destructive tragedies and disasters as a result of racial, national, religious, sectarian and ethnic discrimination. After the spread of democracy in many countries of the world, the world started to feel the importance of peaceful coexistence and stability, accepting the other and tolerance regarding what happened in the past, and that human relations require cooperation between people in order to address the difficulties of life and advance humanity towards peace and human cooperation. The importance of the research: The spread of the culture of tolerance between human beings helps to achieve international peace and security, and this would be reflected on national peace and establish tolerance and the acceptance of the other, and this, in return, would achieve world peace between the stated of the world and abducts them from destructive wars, and enhance human relations between them. This also enhances human, economic, social and political cooperation between the people of the same country, and safeguards the national social structure of the country. The problem of the research: In spite of the development which is witnessed in the world in the field of human rights, liberation of states from imperialism and the spread of the culture of accepting the other, and tolerance between developed peoples, the Arab countries, on the other side, are facing terrorist organizations which are working on abating the other, implanting hatreds, abolishing the culture of dialogue and applying the policy of killing, displacement and immigration for religious, sectarian or racial reasons. These terrorist organizations also impose their extreme ideas on others. All this has resulted in killing millions of innocent people who were victims of these organizations. Therefore, we have to find means for imposing legal and social laws and rules in order to entrench the culture of tolerance and the principle of accepting the other for human, moral and social necessities, and for living in peace and security. The development of means of communications and international transportation which approximated both similar and different people to each other increased the acuity of racial conflicts. This requires the international community to apply multiple means in order to guarantee the principle of accepting the other, and to make it understood that difference and diversity unite the society and approximate it within the frame of the national unity inside the same country, and unite different societies as well. Hypothesis of the research: The hypothesis of the research denotes that spreading the rules of tolerance and accepting the other between Arab people enhances national and international peace and human cooperation between human beings, and this abducts them from international and civil wars. The aim of law is to regulate social behavior. When legal and social laws and rules advance human behavior towards tolerance and accepting the other happiness will prevail worldwide. Methodology of the research: The research relies on the explanation of the rules of tolerance and accepting the other in the international law of the private human rights, the opinions of legal jurisprudence and the practical applications of tolerance and accepting the other in Arab states. Therefore, this research depends on explaining legal texts. This is a descriptive, theoretical and applicable study. The plan of the research: We discussed the issue of tolerance and accepting the other in the international law and its applications in Arab countries, therefore the research was divided into two sections

Religious Freedom in International Human Rights Law and the Phenomenon of Fanaticism in the Arab Countries

After the changes that have occurred in the world in the nineties of the last century, the political regimes in the Middle East countries have changed, and ended most of the dictatorial regimes, and issued New laws that guarantee the protection of human rights, democracy and applied in many countries. However, this democracy and laws that ensured human rights and religious freedom, allowed religious and sectarian extremism that appears and controls, and take the cover of religious freedom gloss to impose their beliefs and religions and doctrines extremist on society of armed force. Became Sectarian terrorism is control of the area. And turning the conflict from a conflict between the state and the people to armed conflict between the same people.This study was based on a search of religious freedom in the international and regional human rights law, and the constitutions of states. In the Middle East where religious terrorist armed conflicts have emerged, and we dealt with the causes of religious intolerance, who recently appeared in the Middle East. And the position of the Islamic Law of religious freedom and counter intolerance according to the texts contained in the Holy Quran.

The Role of Secondary School Principals in Reducing the Phenomenon of Bullying among Students in the Schools of Karak Governorate from the Point of View of Teachers

The current study aimed to identify secondary school principals in reducing the phenomenon of bullying among students in the schools of Karak Governorate from the teachers' point of view. From the indications of its validity and reliability, the study sample consisted of (347) male and female teachers who were chosen by random method, and the study concluded that the role of secondary school principals in reducing the phenomenon of bullying among students in the schools of Karak Governorate from the teachers’ point of view was average, and it was found that there are significant differences Statistical significance at the level of significance (α ≤ 0.05) in the responses of the study sample members towards the role of secondary school principals in reducing the phenomenon of bullying among students in the schools of Karak Governorate from the teachers’ point of view due to the variable of gender and in favor of females, and to the variable of experience and in favor of those with higher experience, while no The results show that there are differences due to the educational qualification variable. The study came out with appropriate recommendations. Keywords: secondary school principals. Bullying DOI: 10.7176/JEP/13-19-09 Publication date:June 30th 202

Online sarcasm and its perception by second language learners:the case of Iraqi EFL learners in Iraq and the UK

Although many studies have been written within L2 pragmatics, very few have dealt with L2 irony and sarcasm. The main purpose of this study is to investigate how EFL learners recognize written British English sarcasm. For this purpose, an L2 pragmatics study was designed and applied to two groups of L2 learners of English. Another purpose of the study is to pragmatically analyse online sarcasm, and see how it is used and by what features it is characterized. A corpus study was conducted for the latter purpose. Regarding data, this study used naturally-occurring sarcasm from real-life situations. The data was collected from a football forum (Manchester United forum; likely used by males) and two parenting forums (Mumsnet and Netmums; likely used by females). These different forums were targeted to ensure a rough gender balance. Sarcasm was identified within these forums by means of a metalanguage strategy. This strategy involved searching for the metalinguistic labels sarcasm and sarcastic, and then extracting and analyzing the antecedent discourses these labels are referring to. Those discourses were considered a potential environment for sarcasm. One hundred and forty two sarcasm-containing threads were collected via the metalanguage strategy. First, the data was pragmatically investigated to reveal the general pragmatic characteristics of sarcasm (e.g. Contradiction: saying something and meaning the opposite or Insincerity: flouting the Gricean quality maxim), as well as its pragmalinguistic characteristics (e.g. hyperbolic expressions, capitalization, exclamation marks) that are used in the data. This is the ‗Corpus Study‘. Second, the analysed data served as an item pool for the judgment task of the L2 pragmatics study. From that pool, 30 items were ultimately selected as stimuli for that L2 study. Two groups of Iraqi EFL learners participated in the L2 pragmatics study. Each group contained 30 participants. The members of the first group were studying L2 English at home (Iraq) and had never been to any English-speaking country. The second group involved learners who received their BA and/or MA degree(s) in English from Iraq and were pursuing MA or PhD degrees at different UK universities. Members of the latter group had 1-4 years sojourn in the UK. A Control group was also provided by 30 British-English native speakers. The 30 stimuli, derived from the online data of the Corpus study, were placed in a two-fold judgement task. The task was designed to: (1) test the participants‘ recognition of sarcasm within the given texts (threads) on a 7-point Likert scale, and (2) reveal what they consider as ‗sarcastic‘ within those texts by highlighting the potentially sarcastic part(s) in them. Results of the corpus study revealed that general pragmatic characteristics bear the greatest load in creating/indicating online sarcasm. Among these characteristics ‗Insincerity‘ seems to be the most fundamental or prototypical one. As for pragmalinguistic characteristics, they appear to play only a minor role in triggering and comprehending online sarcasm. ‗Hyperbole‘ seems to be the most prototypical one among pragmalinguistic characteristics. Regarding the L2 pragmatics study, ANOVA results reveal that both learners‘ groups are significantly different from English Native Speakers. Thus, Iraqi EFL learners appear not to have reached the native level of sarcasm perception. Results also indicate no effect of studying abroad or L2 proficiency upon the sarcasm recognition of those learners. Another finding of the L2 study is that the more characteristics (general pragmatic or pragmalinguistic) available the easier the comprehension of sarcasm turns out to be for both native speakers and learners. However, learners seem to be more sensitive to pragmalinguistic characteristics than English native speakers. They are found to identify sarcasm at the sight of these features more than the native speakers do. More interestingly, the current study has also found out that sarcasm does not always express a negative attitude. Sometimes, it can be used to express a positive emotion in a friendly way. This study encourages further research on L2 sarcasm, particularly with regard to the kind and amount of L2 input the learners are exposed to. It also focuses attention on the necessity of developing the learners‘ L2 pragmatic competence in general and their competence of L2 sarcasm in particular in order to bridge the gap between their performance and that of the native speakers

Efficient diagnosis system for Parkinson's disease using deep belief network

In this paper, a deep belief network (DBN) has been adopted as an efficient technique to diagnosis the Parkinson's disease (PD). This diagnosis has been established based on the speech signal of the patients. Through the distinguishing and analyzing of the speech signal, the DBN has the ability to diagnose Parkinson's disease. To realize the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease by using DBN, the proposed system has been trained and tested with voices from a number of patients and healthy people. A feature extraction process has been prepared to be inputted to the deep belief network (DBN) which is used to create a template matching of the voices. In this paper, DBN is used to classify the Parkinson's disease which composes two stacked Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs) and one output layer. Two stages of learning need to be applied to optimize the networks' parameters. The first stage is unsupervised learning which uses RBMs to overcome the problem that can cause because of the random value of the initial weights. Secondly, backpropagation algorithm is used as a supervised learning for the fine tuning. To illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed system, the experimental results are compared with different approaches and related works. The overall testing accuracy of the proposed system is 94% which is better than all of the compared methods. In short, the DBN is an effective method to diagnosis Parkinson's disease by using the speech signal

Assessing Health Impact of Air Pollutants in Hilla city, Iraq

أي مادة تغير الخواص الطبيعية للغلاف الجوي سواء كانت كيميائية أو فيزيائية أو بيولوجية تعتبر ملوثًا للهواء. يمكن أن يتسبب تلوث الهواء في أضرار صحية واقتصادية وبيئية ، وما إلى ذلك. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تقييم الأثر الصحي للتعرض طويل الأمد لمادة PM2.5 ، حيث أن هذا الملوث هو الذي يتحكم في جودة الهواء. استخدام برنامج AirQ وبناءً على البيانات التي تم الحصول عليها من مديرية بيئة بابل. ساهمت العواصف الترابية التي حدثت في ربيع وصيف عام 2022 في زيادة تركيز PM2.5 الموسمي إلى 84 ميكروغرام / م3. تم تقييم التعرض طويل الأمد للملوثات التي تسبب الأمراض التالية: (سرطان الرئة ، أمراض الجهاز التنفسي السفلي الحاد ، الانسداد الرئوي المزمن ، أمراض القلب الإقفارية ، والسكتة الدماغية). أظهرت النتائج أن الخطر النسبي ارتفع إلى 1.376 لسرطان الرئة ، 1.534 لـ أمراض الجهاز التنفسي السفلي الحاد ، 1.412 لمرض الانسداد الرئوي المزمن ، 1.399 لـ أمراض القلب الإقفارية ، و 1.367 للسكتة الدماغية ، تم تسجيل أعلى خطر لـ أمراض الجهاز التنفسي السفلي الحاد لأن الأطفال أكثر عرضة للإصابة بالمرض من غيرهم. كانت جودة الهواء معتدلة بمعدل 45٪ إلى غير صحية للمجموعات الحساسة بمعدل 31٪ عام 2022 وجيدة بمعدل 28٪ إلى معتدلة بمعدل 45٪ عام 2021.Any substance that alters the natural properties of the atmosphere, whether it be chemical, physical, or biological, is considered an air pollutant. Air pollution can causes health, economic and environmental damages, etc. This study aims to evaluate the health impact of long-term exposure to particulate matter (PM2.5), as this pollutant is the one that governs air quality. Using the AirQ software and based on the data obtained from the Babylon Environment Directorate . The dust storms that occurred in the spring and summer of 2022 contributed to an increase in the PM2.5 seasonal concentration to 84 µg/m3. The long-term exposure was evaluated to the pollutant, which causes the following diseases: (Lung cancer , Acute Lower Respiratory Disease , Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary, Ischemic Heart Disease,  and stroke). The results showed that the relative risk increased to 1.376 for lung cancer, 1.534 for ALRI, 1.412 for COPD, 1.399 for IHD, and 1,367 for stroke, the highest risk was recorded for ALRI because children are more susceptible to disease than others. The air quality was moderate at a rate of 45% to unhealthy for sensitive groups at a rate of 31% in 2022 and good at a rate of 28% to moderate at a rate of 45% in 2021