Infant mortality in Kuwait and problems of its solution

Currently, the health care system of Kuwait is one of the best in the Persian region. Medical services are provided free to all segments of the population. Primary care is provided by health centers, the Centers for maternal and child health, school health center, ambulance and family doctors. The second level of health care provided by hospitals located in each region. And the highest, third level includes a large number of specialized clinics. In 1987 was opened globally unique Islamic Center of Medicine, which is practical and scientific object studied and used traditional methods of treatment. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3634

Global assessment of sand and dust storms

The specific objectives of the assessment are to: 1) Synthesise and highlight the environmental and socio-economic causes and impacts of SDS, as well as available technical measures for their mitigation, at the local, regional and global levels; 2) Show how the mitigation of SDS can yield multiple sustainable development benefits; 3) Synthesize information on current policy responses for mitigating SDS and 4) Present options for an improved strategy for mitigating SDS at the local, regional and global levels, building on existing institutions and agreements

Sand and Dust Storms (SDS): Types, Characteristics, and Indications

Sand and dust storms (SDS) is a common weather phenomenon in the Middle East. Topography and the northern or northwesterly wind are the main control factors for types of SDS trajectories. The main SDS corridors in the Middle East were classified and spotted from March 2000 to March 2017. The SDS can be classified in the region in accordance to shape and magnitude into three main types namely; Small with 3 subtypes (Arrow shape-straight, Arrow shape-curved and Needle like), Intermediate with 3 subtypes (Curved, Hook and Straight), and Extensive with 6 subtypes (Spiral, Agglomerated-Dense, Agglomerated-Dispersed, Wavy, Hook-Single head, and Hook-multiple heads). Most of the trajectories are located within the northeastern parts of the Middle East. Dust properties led us to sort SDS and their indications. Dust deposits in the eastern Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea and are initiated from Northern Desert of Africa (NDA). On the other hand, dust deposits in the Middle East originate from NDA, Western Desert of Iraq (WD), Mesopotamian Flood Plain (MFP), Ahwaz (HZ), Ahwar (HR) and Baluchistan Desert (BSH). The deposited dust in coastal areas is categorized as trimodal particle size distribution, finer mean size fractions with higher values of particles surface area and contains more carbonates and less quartz percentages compared to fallen dust in inland regions which is dominantly initiated from Western Desert of Iraq (WD), Nafud Desert (NFD) and Empty Quarter (EQ).

Types, indications and impact evaluation of sand and dust storms trajectories in the Arabian Gulf

Dust is a common weather phenomenon in the Arabian Gulf, which has severely affected economy and health. Sand and dust storms (SDS) trajectories in the Arabian Gulf were temporally and spatially monitored from March 2000 to March 2017. Eight major SDS trajectories were detected from satellite images. The dust storms trajectories were categorized according to shape and size into three main types with 12 subtypes in the region. The annual transported dust amount into the Arabian Gulf was estimated by 89.1 million metric tons, which is about 10,330 metric tons per cubic kilometer of water volume. In comparison to other seas and oceans, the amount of dust deposited into the Arabian Gulf water body volume is the highest. Dust deposited in the coastal regions within the Arabian Gulf are originated from Mesopotamian Flood Plain (MFP), Ahwaz (HZ), Ahwar (HR) and Baluchistan Desert (BSH) and characterized by physical parameters and composition. Such physical characterization of the trajectories of SDS, and of the properties of particles transported in the Arabian Gulf can be helpful to assess and mitigate the environmental impact of future similar events. © 2017 by the authors.This work was funded by the Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Science (KFAS) for the project (2008-1401-01) and the Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research (KISR) for (ECO41K and EC063C).Peer reviewe

Failure load and flexural strength of resin infused ceramic material

PLEASE NOTE: This work is protected by copyright. Downloading is restricted to the BU community: please click Download and log in with a valid BU account to access. If you are the author of this work and would like to make it publicly available, please contact [email protected] (MSD) --Boston University, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, 2011 (Department of Restorative Sciences and Biomaterials).Includes bibliographic references: leaves 85-88.Statement of the problem: Several high strength ceramics have been introduced for use as substructures for all-ceramic restorations. The strength of these materials is a very important factor for long term success. Resin infused ceramic (RIC) material may have the strength to be used in such substructures. Objectives: Examine the failure load of Resin Infused Ceramic (RIC) and compares it with three different ceramic substructures like Vita In-Ceram Alumina (ENC-AL), Vita In-Ceram Zirconia (ENC-ZR) and Vita Yttrium-Stabilized Zirconia (YZ). Examine the flexural strength of two different Resin Infused Ceramic (RIC) materials and compare them with other materials like Paradigm MZ 1OO, Vita Mark II, and Vita Triluxe. Materials and methods: Failure Load: The failure load of Resin infused Ceramic (RIC), Vita In-Ceram Alumina (ENC-AL), Vita In-Ceram Zirconia (ENC-ZR) and Vita Yttrium-Stabilized Zirconia (YZ) were tested. Five 3-unit posterior fixed partial denture (FPD) frameworks from each material were milled. The design of the FPD framework had connector sizes of 3x4 mm2 and abutment’s wall thicknesses of 0.3 mm axial and 0.5 mm occlusal. Specimens were bonded to acrylic dies with RelyX ARC resin cement. All tests were conducted with an axial load to failure on an Instron machine with a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/min and a 10 kN Ioad cell. Flexural Strength: Flexural strength of 5 materials was evaluated. 3 Materials were supplied by different manufacturers (Paradigm MZ 1OO, Vitabloc Mak II, and Vitablocs Triluxe Forte) and 2 materials were fabricated at Boston University biomaterials laboratory (Resin Infused Ceramic RIC 940, and Resin infused Ceramic RIC 960). Bar specimens were made from each material with average dimensions of 14x2.4x2・5 mm. Bars were tested in an Instron machine with a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/min and a 1kN load cell. Results Failure Load: The failure loads of the YZ (Zγ02) FPD frameworks, were larger than INC-AL (AL2O3), INC-ZR (ZrO2), and RIC respectively. INC-AL failure load was similar to YZ with no significant differences. Significant differences were noticed between INC-AL and INC-ZR. RIC material had significantly lower failure load values than all tested materials. Flexural Strength: Flexural strengths of the tested materials were MZ100 (166 MPs), RIC 940 (157 MPs), RIC 960 (148 MPs), Triluxe (120 MPs), and Mark II (119 MPs). MZ 100 was significantly higher than all materials except RTC 940. The RIC 940 and RIC 960 were significantly higher than ceramic materials Mark II and Triluxe. Conclusions: RIC had the lowest failure loads among the tested materials with significant differences. The flexural strength of the Resin Infused Ceramics (RIC 940 and RIC 960) was significantly higher than ceramic materials Mark II and Triluxe

Investigation of various properties of resin infused ceramics

PLEASE NOTE: This work is protected by copyright. Downloading is restricted to the BU community: please click Download and log in with a valid BU account to access. If you are the author of this work and would like to make it publicly available, please contact [email protected] (DScD) --Boston University, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, 2011 (Department of Restorative Sciences and Biomaterials)Includes bibliographic references: leaves 211-216.Statement of the problem: Denture teeth are made either of methacrylate-based resins or ceramics. Either material has some advantages and some disadvantages. Resin Infused Ceramic (RTC) material may have the characteristics that makes it a possible material of choice as denture teeth material. Objectives: Evaluate RIC’s bond strengths to resin, coIor stabilities after coffee exposure, wear resistance against Mark II, microhardness, compressive strengths, and compare them to other dental materials. Materials and methods Wear: IPN, Physiodens, DCL, MZ 1OO, and Mark II, RIC 940, and RIC 960 opposed by Mark II were tested. 100,000 wear cycles against Mark II were performed and volume loss was calculated. Shear Bond: IPN, Physiodens, and DCL were bonded to Lucitone. RIC 940, RIC 960, Mark II, and Triluxe were subjected to different surface treatments prior to bonding to resin. Lucitone was bonded to resin. Color Differences: Color stability of IPN Physiodens, DCL, Mark II, RIC 940, and RIC 960 in coffee solution was tested. 10 specimens from each material were prepared. [Delta]E values after 4 weeks and 8 weeks of coffee exposure cycles were calculated. Compressive Strength: Compressive strengths of IPN, Physiodens, DCL, MZ 1OO, Mark II, Lucitone, RIC 940, and RIC 960 were tested. Microhardness: Microhardness of IPN, Physiodens, DCL, MZ 1OO, Mark II, RIC 940, and RIC 960 were tested. [TRUNCATED

Information needs and information seeking behaviour of doctors in Kuwait government hospitals: an Exploratory study

In recent years, there has been an increasing demand to study the information needs and information-seeking behaviour of doctors as an essential element in developing successful clinical information systems and improving the quality of healthcare services. This doctoral thesis focuses on exploring the information needs and information seeking behaviour of doctors in Kuwait government hospitals (KGH). The aims are to investigate the internal and external information sources used by doctors in Kuwait government hospitals and to analyse whether the existing clinical information sources meet their needs. A strategy of sequential, mixed-method procedures was followed to gather the research data using focus groups, a paper-based questionnaire and semi-structured telephone interviews. The participants of the research included all categories of doctors (consultants, senior specialists, specialists, senior registrar, registrar, assistant registrar and trainees), working in four government hospitals: Mubarak AI Kabeer, AI Sabaha, AI Farwania and AI Amiri in Kuwait. The findings of the study show that the most frequently mentioned need for information was to keep up-to-date to maintain good practice. It was found that interpersonal communication and a doctor's personal collection, consisting primarily of electronic resources, were the sources most frequently reported as used by the doctors. However, the degree of use of clinical information sources showed that doctors' information seeking varied depending on the clinical scenario. Doctors' knowledge and patient data were the doctors' most frequently used sources of information in the three clinical scenarios: outpatients, wards and the emergency department. There was a low use of knowledge-support resources such as the Internet and library resources in the outpatient and emergency rooms. However, use of the knowledge-support resources was highest in the wards. The results showed some contextual factors either supported or hindered doctors in seeking the information they need. The factors were categorised in the following contexts: a) Organisation context, b) Socio-cultural context; c) Information sources context and d) Scenarios context. Doctors made a number of suggestions for effective information communication and improving the information provision system in KGH. Two conceptual models result from the study findings: a clinical decision-making model scenario· and the overall conceptual model of information seeking by doctors in Kuwait government hospitals. The thesis concludes with recommendations and practical implications to enhance the information provision in KGH. Suggestions for further research are also given