Light and transmission electron microscopic study on the effect of contraceptive pills on the glomerulus and juxtaglomerular apparatus in mice

Light microscopic (LM) and transmission electron microscopic (TEM) observations were performed in the kidneys of oral contraceptive treated mice. Experimental groups were given 0.1 ml of olive oil containing 0.015 fraction of (Neogynon) tablet daily. Control groups were give olive oil alone. Five experimental and three control animals were scarifi ed after 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 estrus cycles. Glomerulosclerosis, hyaline arteriopathy associated with focal areas of interstitial fi brosis were observed in the fi rst cycle. Mild hypertrophy of juxtaglomerular apparatus “JGA” appeared in the 3rd cycle with increased granularity of the JGCs. Proliferative-sclerosing stages of focal glomerulonephritis were observed and were more advanced in cycle twelve. By transmission electron microscope, there were slight changes in the glomeruli during cycle one. These evident gradually developed in cycle three, thus the glomeruli showed disordered capillary loop occlusion. In cycle six, capillary lumens were occluded by protuberance projection. There were hyperactivity and proliferation of mesangial cells and electron-dense material deposits in glomerular basal lamina; these deposits were accompanied with electron-lucent materials appeared in cycle 9 behind swelled mesangial cells indicating hyperactivity and proliferative cells which showed abundant RER and mitochondria. These lesions were correlated with hyper-granularity of JGCs and hypertrophied JGA. The JGGs appeared in cycle 12 as heterogenized size. These changes indicate that abuse of oral contraceptives is relatively unsafe, especially after long-term of high-dose usage

Histopathological evaluation of skin wound in rabbits treated by systemic dexamethasone

Background: Healing of all damaged tissues including skin wounds have an identical pattern and depends on numerous intrinsic and extrinsic factors, one of these factors is cortisone hormone. Aim of study: The present study was designed to show the effect of dexamethasone on skin wound healing. Materials and methods: Twelve rabbits were used, experimental group (7 rabbits) administrated 4 mg dexamethasone ten days prior to skin incision and control group (5 rabbits) had got skin incision. Biopsies were taken from two groups for histopathological evaluation. Results: control group shows proper wound healing includes epithelial growth migration that brought the wound edges to be close. Granulation tissue underneath the epithelium show to fill the incision gap represented by collagen fibers and fibroblast cells. The experimental group shows failure of epithelial wound edges to close and to be approximately in contact with absence of rete ridges. The main bulk tissue filled the incision gap is thick granulation tissue. Inflammatory cell with congested blood vessels can be detected. Conclusion: Prolonged use of dexamethasone or misuse of this drug impaired wound healing

Effect of salinity on hydroxyapatite nanoparticles flooding in enhanced oil Recovery : A mechanistic study

Fluid-fluid interactions can affect any enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method, including nanofluid (NF) brine-water flooding. Flooding with NFs changes wettability and lowers oil-water interfacial tension (IFT). Preparation and modification affect the nanoparticle (NP) performance. Hydroxyapatite (HAP) NPs in EOR are yet to be properly verified. HAP was synthesized in this study using co-precipitation and in situ surface functionalization with sodium dodecyl sulfate in order to investigate its impact on EOR processes at high temperatures and different salinities. The following techniques were employed, in that sequence, to verify its synthesis: transmission electron microscopy, zeta potential, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, particle size analysis, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectra. The outcomes showed the production of HAP, with the particles being evenly dispersed and stable in aqueous solution. The particles' surface charge increased from -5 to -27 mV when the pH was changed from 1 to 13. The HAP NFs at 0.1 wt % altered the wettability of sandstone core plugs from oil-wet at 111.7 to water-wet at 9.0 contact angles at salinity ranges of 5000 ppm to 30,000 ppm. Additionally, the IFT was reduced to 3 mN/m HAP with an incremental oil recovery of 17.9% of the initial oil in place. The HAP NF thus demonstrated excellent effectiveness in EOR through IFT reduction, wettability change, and oil displacement in both low and high salinity conditions

Light and transmission electron microscopic study on the effect of contraceptive pills on the glomerulus and juxtaglomerular apparatus in mice

Light microscopic (LM) and transmission electron microscopic (TEM) observations were performed in the kidneys of oral contraceptive treated mice. Experimental groups were given 0.1 ml of olive oil containing 0.015 fraction of (Neogynon) tablet daily. Control groups were give olive oil alone.Five experimental and three control animals were scarified after 1,3,6,9,and 12 estrus cycles. Glomerulosclerosis,hyaline arteriopathy associated with focal areas of interstitial fibrosis were observed in the first cycle. Mild hypertrophy of juxtaglomerular apparatus “JGA” appeared in the 3rd cycle with increased granularity of the JGCs. Proliferative-sclerosing stages of focal glomerulonephritis were observed and were more advanced in cycle twelve.By transmission electron microscope, there were slight changes in the glomeruli during cycle one. These evident gradually developed in cycle three, thus the glomeruli showed disordered capillary loop occlusion. In cycle six, capillary lumens were occluded by protuberance projection. There were hyperactivity and proliferation of mesangial cells and electron-dense material deposits in glomerular basal lamina; these deposits were accompanied with electron-lucent materials appeared in cycle 9 behind swelled mesangial cells indicating hyperactivity and proliferative cells which showed abundant RER and mitochondria. These lesions were correlated with hyper-granularityof JGCs and hypertrophied JGA. The JGGs appeared in cycle 12 as heterogenized size. These changes indicate that abuse of oral contraceptives is relatively unsafe, especially after long-term of high-d

Histopathological evaluation of skin wound healing in rabbits treated by systemic dexamethasone

The present study was designed to evalurate the effect of dexamethasone on skin wound healing. Fifteen albino rabbits of 6.5 months age were used; an incision and suture was performed on the back skin of ten experimental rabbits previously treated with daily intramuscular injection of 2ml ampoule containing 4 mg dexamethasone for one month and on fi ve control rabbits received 2ml normal saline for the same period. Biopsies of operated skin after 10 days of incision were processed for histopathological evaluation. Histological examination showed delay healing in experimental group in comparison to control group. It is concluded that prolonged use of dexamethasone or misuse of this drug suppress wound healing

Assessment of the level of maxillary sinus floor in dentulous, edentulous and free end cases on a sample of Malay population using orthopantomogram

Introduction: Knowledge about the relation between the floor of the maxillary sinus and the teeth\area considered an important and essential for dental practitioners for the planning of many surgical procedures in this area. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the level of maxillary sinus floor in dentulous, edentulous and free end cases among Malay population based on gender, and age by using panoramic radiographs. Methods: Sample size was 364 cases including 118 dentulous, 192 edentulous, and 54 free ends. Measuring the distance between maxillary sinus floor and either root apices of upper posterior teeth or residual ridge in dentulous cases, edentulous and free end cases, and study the relation of this distance with gender and age. Results: The distance in dentulous have no relation to the age and gender and vice versa in edentulous and free end cases. Conclusion: The distance not affected by age and gender in dentulous cases, while it is effective in edentulous and free end case