Data Warehouse performance comparing Relational Database Management Systems and the Hadoop-based NoSQL Database system

One of the biggest problems that many companies face nowadays is dealing with the huge volumes of data that they generate daily. In the data-driven world all data needs to be stored, organized and analyzed to get the required information that will help the administration to make the right decision to support the next step of the company. Big Data and Business Intelligence have become very popular terms in the business field, where Big Data highlights the tools that are used to manage the huge volume of data. One of the Big Data tools is the Data Warehouse, which is used to manipulate the massive amount of data, while the Business Intelligence (BI) focuses on how we can analyze information from the huge volumes of data that support companies in decision making In this thesis, we will compare the implementation of the DW concepts using the Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMS), specifically, SQL Server DB over the Hadoop system, and then analyze the resource (CPU and RAM) consumption. I prove that using the Hadoop system speeds up the process of manipulating these huge volumes of data with very low cost, based on the nature of the Hadoop system that is efficient in processing all kinds of structured, semi-structured, unstructured or raw data with minimum cost and high efficiency in manipulating and storing massive amounts of data

kinetic and mechanistic studies of fading of fluorescent dyes and application in vital fields

This thesis is divided into six Chapters. Chapter 1 introduces general information about forensic chemistry, dyes and pigments, light, and its effect in chemistry. The second chapter describes the development of a LED device, with support from Dr. Joe Beames, that allows us to generate reproducible kinetic data on photofading reactions by irradiating a sample with high intensity white light. The third chapter shows that thiazole orange (TO) shows increased fading with increased intensity of light. Additionally, we investigated the effect of oxygen within the solution. Many other factors may also play a role in the fading process, for example, temperature, type of buffer, buffer concentration, pH, and the presence of additives. We examine each of these in turn and show that this provides new kinetic insights into the mechanism of fading of thiazole orange. Mass spectroscopy suggests that the product may be formed following reaction of the photoexcited species with a molecule of oxygen. The fading of dyes such as thiazole range (which is a known DNA binder) may have implications for typical studies of DNA binders. The fourth chapter present analyses of the kinetics of the fading process of 3,3'- diethyloxadicarbocyanine iodide (DODC) when exposed to light, determining that it is irradiation itself that drives the colour change. Another factor is the presence of O2 with limiting oxygen concentrations limiting the observed reaction rate constant. Many other factors may also play a role in the fading process, for example, temperature, type of buffer, buffer concentration, pH and the presence of additives. We examined each of these in turn. Mass spectroscopy suggests that the product may be formed following reaction of the photoexcited species with a molecule of oxygen. Finally, the fifth Chapter describes the effects of biomacromolecules and serum on fading of TO and DODC. DNA is found to have little effect of fading of TO but to retard fading of DODC. Serum is found to strongly retard fading of TO and DODC. Similarly, added ethanol and DMSO also strongly retard the kinetics of fading. Overall conclusions, future outlooks, remarks and suggestions can be found in Chapter 6

Management of first-trimester miscarriage: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Background First-trimester miscarriage affects up to a quarter of women worldwide. With many competing treatment options available, there is a need for a comprehensive evidence synthesis. Objectives and rationale We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness and safety of treatment options for first-trimester miscarriage: expectant management (EXP), sharp dilation and curettage (D+C), electric vacuum aspiration (EVAC), manual vacuum aspiration (MVA), misoprostol alone (MISO), mifepristone+misoprostol (MIFE+MISO) and misoprostol plus electric vacuum aspiration (MISO+EVAC). Search methods We searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, AMED and Cochrane Library from inception till June 2018. We included randomized trials of women with first-trimester miscarriage (<14 weeks gestation) and conducted a network meta-analysis generating both direct and mixed evidence on the effectiveness and side effects of available treatment options. The primary outcome was complete evacuation of products of conception. We assessed the risk of bias and the global network inconsistency. We compared the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) for each treatment. Outcomes A total of 46 trials (9250 women) were included. The quality of included studies was overall moderate with some studies demonstrating a high risk of bias. We detected unexplained inconsistency in evidence loops involving MIFE+MISO and adjusted for it. EXP had lower effectiveness compared to other treatment options. The effectiveness of medical treatments was similar compared to surgery. Mixed evidence of low confidence suggests increased effectiveness for MIFE+MISO compared to MISO alone (RR 1.49, 95% CI: 1.09–2.03). Side effects were similar among all options. Fewer women needed analgesia following EVAC compared to MISO (RR for MISO 0.43, 95% CI: 0.27–0.68) and in the EXP group compared to EVAC (RR 2.07, 95% CI: 1.25–3.41). MVA had higher ranking (low likelihood) for post-treatment infection and serious complications (SUCRA 87.6 and 79.2%, respectively) with the highest likelihood for post-treatment satisfaction (SUCRA 98%). Wider implications Medical treatments for first-trimester miscarriage have similar effectiveness and side effects compared to surgery. The addition of MIFE could increase the effectiveness of MISO and reduce side effects, although evidence is limited due to inconsistency. EXP has lower effectiveness compared to other treatment options

The common bacterial pathogenes isolated from blood culture in paediatric patients

Fever is a common illness in the pediatric age group ,the causes could be viral ,bacterial and fungal , this study was focused on bacterial pathogens as gram positive like Staphylococci, coagulase positive or negative ,Streptococci and gram negative like E-coli , Klebsialla ,Proteus, Pseudomonas, Burkhoderia , Acinetobacter and others like Pusturella ,E-alkalescendiaper, Haemophillus influenza and yeast like candida . Four thousand and seventy eight blood samples (4078)were collected in a period between January 2011 and the end of May 2012 at the child welfare hospital ,all the samples were cultured on suitable culture media and then biochemical tests were done using API-E 20 and sugar fermentation tests ,sensitivity test were done with number of antibiotics [1]. 4078 cases examined only ,1107 showed positive growth ,264cases were contaminated and no bacterial growth seen in 2707. The bacterial isolates during one year in pediatric age groups were mostly gram positive cocci ,followed by gram negative bacilli,and yeasts

Analysis of WCAG 2.0 data accessibility success criterion of e-government websites

© 2019, International University of Sarajevo. An accessible website enables the access to information and interaction for many people with disabilities so these people can contribute more effectively in the society. Today, most governments are enforcing their websites to follow the www consortium (w3c)\u27s Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.0). This paper investigates the WCAG 2.0 success criterions that make a website accessible and explores the most violated WCAG 2.0 success criterions by the developers of e-Government websites

Time’s up on empty zero-tolerance slogans : a national survey concerning sexual harassment

Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to examine the employers’ role in the prevention of sexual harassment within the healthcare workforce. We surveyed all the UK medical schools to inquire about their policies, procedures, complaint numbers and outcomes under the freedom of information law Design/methodology/approach: We submitted freedom of information requests to all 36 medical schools in the UK seeking information on all submitted sexual harassment complaints between January 2008 and January 2018. This included each school disciplinary policies in general and those concerning sexual harassment in specific, the number of formal complaints, and the final outcome of all investigations. Findings: We received interpretable responses from 30/36 contacted medical schools (83%). All 30 schools confirmed having generic code of conduct policies (100%), however, only 12/36 schools (40%) had specific policies and procedures to deal with sexual harassment concerning staff, students or both. None offered any formal training to dealing with sexual harassment. Only three schools confirmed having >5 sexual harassment complaints (3/30, 10%), thirteen had <5 complaints (13/30, 43%) and eleven had no complaints at all (11/30, 37%). Research limitations/implications: Policies, structures and processes alone are not sufficient for addressing sexual harassment. Knowing the policies and procedures alone will not prevent misconduct, keeping to the rules and regulations will. Medical Schools should rise to the challenge through concrete boundaries-related educational interventions, not empty slogans of zero tolerance. Originality/value: This paper highlights the employers’ obligation to engage staff in training to ensure compliance with specific rules and regulations for preventing sexual harassment in the healthcare workplace

Spotlight on… training

Training in obstetrics and gynaecology has evolved significantly over the past two decades, offering thrilling opportunities to progress women’s health and, at the same time, presenting various challenges to both trainees and trainers. In this Spotlight, we highlight the changes in training reflected in past issues of The Obstetrician and Gynaecologist (TOG) from 2001 until now, initially with the implementation of the Modernising Medical Careers (MMC) training scheme, moving on to the introduction of new subspecialty training and finally the focus on team learning and non‐technical skills. We now recognise the importance of human factors, self‐reflection, and learning from Serious Incidents Requiring Investigation (SIRI) as an integral part of the development of an obstetrician and gynaecologist. We explore the issues of alternative training opportunities allowing doctors to pursue the Certificate of Eligibility for Specialist Registration (CESR) accreditation as an alternative to Certificate of Completion of Training (CCT). In this Spotlight, we also confront the high attrition (Br J Hosp Med 2017;78(6):334–8) and undermining rates reported by trainees, as well as the increasing physician burnout in our speciality

Accuracy of imaging modalities for adnexal torsion : a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background Adnexal torsion (AT), a serious gynaecological emergency, often presents with non‐specific symptoms leading to delayed diagnosis. Objective To compare the test accuracy of ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to diagnose AT. Search strategy We searched EMBASE, MEDLINE and Cochrane CENTRAL until December 2019. Selection criteria Studies reporting on the accuracy of any imaging modality (Index Test) in female patients (paediatric and adult) suspected of AT compared with surgical diagnosis and/or standard clinical/radiological follow‐up period until resolution of symptoms (Reference Standard). Data collection and analysis We assessed study quality using QUADAS‐2. We conducted test accuracy meta‐analysis using a univariate model or a hierarchical model. Main results We screened 3836 citations, included 18 studies (1654 women, 665 cases), and included 15 in the meta‐analyses. Ultrasound pooled sensitivity (n = 12, 1187 women) was 0.79 (95% CI 0.63–0.92) and specificity was 0.76 (95% CI 0.54–0.93), with negative and positive likelihood ratios of 0.29 (95% CI 0.13–0.66) and 4.35 (95% CI 2.03–9.32), respectively. Using Doppler with ultrasound (n = 7, 845 women) yielded similar sensitivity (0.80, 95% CI 0.67–0.93) and specificity (0.88, 95% CI 0.72–1.00). For MRI (n = 3, 99 women), the pooled sensitivity was 0.81 (95% CI 0.63–0.91) and specificity was 0.91 (95% CI 0.80–0.96). A meta‐analysis for CT was not possible with two case‐control studies and one cohort study (n = 3, 232 women). Its sensitivity range was 0.74–0.95 and specificity was 0.80–0.90. Conclusions Ultrasound has good performance as a first‐line diagnostic test for suspected AT. Magnetic resonance imaging could offer improved specificity to investigate complex ovarian morphology, but more evidence is needed