The Role of the Jordanian High Schools in Deepening Good Citizenship among their Students

The study aims to identify the role of Jordanian secondary schools in deepening good citizenship among their students. It also examines the obstacles facing Jordanian secondary schools in deepening good citizenship among their students. To achieve the objectives of the study, the descriptive survey approach has been used for its suitability of the nature of this study, where a questionnaire was designed and distributed to a 180-teacher study sample from the Jordanian government schools.The results of the study show that the degree of the role of Jordanian high schools in deepening good citizenship among their students from the standpoint of the study sample is generally medium. It also shows that the school principal’s role in developing good citizenship ranked first and the teacher’s role in developing good citizenship ranked second, followed by the role of activities and courses in developing good citizenship in the last rank. In light of the results of the study, the researchers recommend working on creating an appropriate learning environment that enables teachers to teach citizenship issues to students and provide school libraries with educational books and brochures that deepen and root citizenship values ​​to deal with all segments of society. Keywords: citizenship, Jordan, High School, Students DOI: 10.7176/JEP/11-6-05 Publication date: February 29th 202

Multifunctional Nanoparticles for Imaging Guided Interventions

We describe multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) encapsulated in thermosensitive, drug-bearing shells and delivered to the tumor site by genetically modified and non-pathogenic strains of bacteria with known affinity to tumors for an effective and minimally invasive protocol for tumor management. The magnetic nanoparticles also serve as a non-invasive imaging contrast agent, heating agent as well as thermometry monitoring agents. We have shown an efficient tumor management on a mouse model utilizing the MNPs. Our studies showed that these novel MNPs significantly reduce the progress of tumor and prolong the animal life and function as an imaging contrast to visually monitor the tumor treatment and evolution

Effects of probiotics in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 : study protocol for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Background: Low grade chronic inflammation is observed in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Endotoxin derived from gut bacteria may act as a potent inflammatory stimulant. Probiotics, which are believed to contain health promoting live microorganisms, may influence circulating endotoxin levels. Ingestion of live probiotic cultures may alter gut microbiota in a beneficial manner to reduce inflammation; no information is available whether or not they do so in patients with T2DM. Therefore, the aim of this study is to characterize the beneficial effects of probiotics on circulating endotoxin levels and other biomarkers related to systemic low-grade inflammation in patients with T2DM. Methods: One hundred and twenty consenting adult Saudi T2DM patients (naïve or newly diagnosed and without co-morbidities) will be enrolled in this clinical trial and randomized to receive daily placebo or probiotics (Ecologic®Barrier) for 26 weeks in a double-blind manner. Inflammatory and metabolic markers will be measured and fecal samples analyzed. Measurements/samples will be obtained at baseline and after 4, 8, 12/13 and 26 weeks of treatment. Discussion: It is expected that the probiotic product will induce beneficial changes in gut microbiota, reduce the systemic inflammatory state through altering systemic endotoxin levels and, as such, reduce the systemic inflammatory response observed in T2DM subjects. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT0176551

What is the Way Allah's Word Manifests Itself in Yemeni Arabic?

In this paper, the author shows how ‘Allah’ is used in daily Yemeni Arabic conversations. The term Allah has a variety of meanings in Yemeni Arabic, as it does in the Arab world, reflecting the belief that Allah alone is in charge of all the affairs, grants blessings, and either encourages or criticizes someone to do something. The result of this is that the term Allah appears in several expressions when the term is part of a sentence containing the word. For example, there are expressions that have over one meaning, such as Allah alaik, which signifies two literal meanings. The word Allah can also be found in other expressions, but with entirely different meanings, including moaning or aiming for guidance. I conducted a study looking at the occurrences of social life contact, reactions, and the cultural influence of native Yemenis. The rest of this paper explores some of the other most common expressions used in Yemeni society, which shows the word is heavily influenced by religion and culture in its use in Yemeni society

Vitamin D supplementation as an adjuvant therapy for patients with T2DM : an 18-month prospective interventional study

Background Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with impaired human insulin action, suggesting a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM). In this prospective interventional study we investigated the effects of vitamin D3 supplementation on the metabolic profiles of Saudi T2DM subjects pre- and post-vitamin D supplementation over an 18-month period. Methods T2DM Saudi subjects (men, N = 34: Age: 56.6 ± 8.7 yr, BMI, 29.1 ± 3.3 kg/m2; women, N = 58: Age: 51.2 ± 10.6 yr, BMI 34.3 ± 4.9 kg/m2;) were recruited and given 2000 IU vitamin D3 daily for 18 months. Anthropometrics and fasting blood were collected (0, 6, 12, 18 months) to monitor serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D using specific ELISA, and to determine metabolic profiles by standard methods. Results In all subjects there was a significant increase in mean 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels from baseline (32.2 ± 1.5 nmol/L) to 18 months (54.7 ± 1.5 nmol/L; p < 0.001), as well as serum calcium (baseline = 2.3 ± 0.23 mmol/L vs. 18 months = 2.6 ± 0.1 mmol/L; p = 0.003). A significant decrease in LDL- (baseline = 4.4 ± 0.8 mmol/L vs. 18 months = 3.6 ± 0.8 mmol/L, p < 0.001] and total cholesterol (baseline = 5.4 ± 0.2 mmol/L vs. 18 months = 4.9 ± 0.3 mmol/L, p < 0.001) were noted, as well as a significant improvement in HOMA-β function ( p = 0.002). Majority of the improvements elicited were more prominent in women than men. Conclusion In the Saudi T2DM population receiving oral Vitamin D3 supplementation (2000 IU/day), circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels remained below normal 18 months after the onset of treatment. Yet, this “suboptimal” supplementation significantly improved lipid profile with a favorable change in HDL/LDL ratio, and HOMA-β function, which were more pronounced in T2DM females

Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis: Analysis of 18 Cases

ObjectiveTo review and evaluate patients with a clinicopathological diagnosis of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) with emphasis on the diagnostic methods and the effect of socioeconomic status on disease severity.MethodsData compiled from the previous history of the patients, clinical, laboratory, radioimaging findings, preoperative, operative, histopathological diagnosis and postoperative follow-up period were analysed. On the basis of presentation, XGP was classified as complicated and simple.ResultsThere were 18 cases of XGP. The clinical characteristics included: calculi or obstruction in the urinary tract, and damage to the kidney, complication of urinary tract infection, anaemia, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate and liver dysfunction. All patients had diffuse XGP. Associated pathological findings such as psoas abscess, nephrocutaneous fistula, renocolonic fistula and paranephric abscess were found in 33.3% of cases. Eleven of 14 patients (78.6%) who were evaluated by computed tomography (CT) had the correct diagnosis made prior to nephrectomy. Urine culture was positive in 88.9% of patients and Proteus mirabilis was the most common organism.ConclusionOur experience with a small number of patients demonstrates that low socioeconomic status could be a risk factor in the development of complicated cases of XGP. CT is considered to be the best radiological test for correct preoperative diagnosis and evaluation of XGP. Nephrectomy and removal of all surrounding affected tissue proved to be curative for XGP

The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility in Achieving Competitive Advantage at Jordanian Supply Chain

The study aimed to identify the effect of social responsibility dimensions in achieving competitive advantages at Jordanian supply chain companies. To achieve the study objectives qualitative study has been conducted, extensive literature review and bibliographic analysis has been conducted, meanwhile, annual reports and secondary data have been collected with reference to the theoretical literature in this field. The studys population consist Jordanian supply chain companies which are: Royal Jordanian Royal Falcon- Royal Wings Fly Jordan Air Arabia Jordan supply chain companies. The collected data were coded for the purpose of analysis. The statistical analysis was used to describe the sample characteristics and to measure the attitudes towards the statements that measure the study independent and dependent variables. After extensive literature it has been found that the major dimensions of social responsible are economical, legal, ethical and philosophical social responsibilities. Analysis indicated that there are no differences of corporate social responsibility effect on achieving the competitive advantage at Jordanian supply chain companies due to companys age, Companys size and Companys number of employees Results also indicated that there are differences effects of corporate social responsibility but not significantly by Companys operational capital. For future research empirical research is recommended to generalize this proposed model

The Impact of Branding in Building and Enhancing Customer Loyalty for Banking Services: an Applied Study of Commercial Bank Customers in Jordan

Purpose:  The aim of this study is to examine the impact of branding in building and enhancing customer loyalty for banking services.   Theoretical framework: branding dimensions are the first factors, which affect a customer’s opinion of the quality and features a particular product, including brand recognition, mental image, trust, satisfaction, market value, and perceived quality. A large number of studies indicate that customer loyalty influences brand value (Janghyeon &amp; Yuksel, 2011).   Design/methodology/approach:  The research reports on field study that operationalizes a theoretical framework to examine the impact of branding in building and enhancing customer loyalty for banking services.   Findings:  Evidence from the study indicates that the dimensions of branding have a statistically significant impact in building and enhancing customer loyalty for banking services in Jordan   Research, Practical &amp; Social implications: the study suggests improving customer trust in their brand and banking services, because such trust is one of the most important dimensions that enhances customer satisfaction, and persuades them to have the desired level of loyalty for these services.   Originality/value:  The results indicate the role of the branding can build and enhance customer loyalty for banking services in commercial bank in Jordan.Este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar el impacto de la marca en la construcción y mejora de la lealtad del cliente para los servicios bancarios. La muestra del estudio consta de 400 encuestados que fueron seleccionados al azar entre clientes de bancos comerciales en Jordania durante el período de estudio. Se desarrolló un cuestionario para recopilar datos de los encuestados. Se utilizaron métodos descriptivos para analizar los datos y la hipótesis se probó mediante un análisis de regresión lineal múltiple. La evidencia del estudio indica que las dimensiones de la marca tienen un impacto estadísticamente significativo en la construcción y mejora de la lealtad del cliente para los servicios bancarios en Jordania.A la luz de los resultados, el estudio presenta una serie de recomendaciones, la más destacada de las cuales es que los bancos comerciales de Jordania deberían aumentar la confianza de los clientes en sus servicios bancarios aumentando el conocimiento de la marca. La confianza es una de las dimensiones más importantes de la marca que aumenta la satisfacción del cliente y, como resultado, aumenta la lealtad. Además, los bancos deben reconocer la importancia de las dimensiones de la marca, ya que todas contribuyen a construir y mejorar la lealtad del cliente.Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar o impacto do branding na construção e fidelização de clientes para serviços bancários. A amostra do estudo consiste em 400 entrevistados que foram selecionados aleatoriamente entre clientes de bancos comerciais na Jordânia durante o período do estudo. Um questionário foi desenvolvido para coletar dados dos entrevistados. Métodos descritivos foram usados para analisar os dados, e a hipótese foi testada por meio de análise de regressão linear múltipla. As evidências do estudo indicam que as dimensões da marca têm um impacto estatisticamente significativo na construção e aumento da fidelidade do cliente para serviços bancários na Jordânia.À luz dos resultados, o estudo apresenta uma série de recomendações, a mais importante das quais é que os bancos comerciais na Jordânia devem aumentar a confiança do cliente em seus serviços bancários, aumentando o conhecimento da marca. A confiança é uma das dimensões mais importantes da marca que aumenta a satisfação do cliente e, como resultado, aumenta a lealdade. Além disso, os bancos devem reconhecer a importância das dimensões da marca, pois todas elas contribuem para construir e aumentar a fidelidade do cliente

E-cigarettes Perceptions and Use among Jordanian Medical Students

Purpose: Medical students are the cornerstone for future public health awareness; this study aimed to assess e-cigarettes perceptions and use among medical students.Methods: This is a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based national study. The study included all five medical schools in the country and addressed students in their clinical years. Data were collected through a self-administered and structured paper-based questionnaire between Dec 1, 2018, and Mar 30, 2019. Data obtained were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows and univariate inferential tests were employed to examine differences between groups.Results: A total sample of 1819 (97.4%) students returned their questionnaires; with a declaration of their smoking habits from the five medical schools, 47% are males, and 53% are females. Only 13 students 0.7% of all students or 2.1% of all smokers used e-cigarettes solely, but 177 students 9.5% of all students or 29% of all smokers used e-cigarettes combined with other types of smoking. Most medical students (86%) were aware of e-cigarettes. The main motive behind using e-cigarettes was the rare and different flavors provided by these cigarettes. The general perception among smokers and non-smokers is that e-cigarettes are less harmful and helpful in quitting smoking.Conclusion: Most medical students are aware of e-cigarettes. While their use as the only form of smoking is rare, e-cigarettes are frequently used in combination with other types of smoking

The adoption of big data analytics in Jordanian SMEs: An extended technology organization environment framework with diffusion of innovation and perceived usefulness

While many small and medium enterprises (SMEs)recognize the benefits of Big Data Analytics (BDA) for digital transformation, they face challenges in implementing this technology, highlighting the need for more research on its adoption by SMEs. The objective of this study is to amalgamate the Technology Organization Environment (TOE) framework with the Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) theory, aiming to dissect the factors that sway BDA adoption in Jordanian SMEs. Additionally, the study delves into how perceived usefulness impacts this adoption process. Utilizing structural equation modeling, the study examined data from 388 managers in Jordan. The study validates all its hypotheses, revealing that variables like relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, top management support, competitive pressure, and security influence perceived usefulness, which subsequently has a positive impact on BDA adoption. This research presents a range of theoretical and practical insights