3 research outputs found
Prediction of the liftoff, blowout and blowoff stability limits of pure hydrogen and hydrogen/hydrocarbon mixture jet flames
A global call for action to include gender in research impact assessment
Global investment in biomedical research has grown significantly over the last decades, reaching approximately a quarter of a trillion US dollars in 2010. However, not all of this investment is distributed evenly by gender. It follows, arguably, that scarce research resources may not be optimally invested (by either not supporting the best science or by failing to investigate topics that benefit women and men equitably). Women across the world tend to be significantly underrepresented in research both as researchers and research participants, receive less research funding, and appear less frequently than men as authors on research publications. There is also some evidence that women are relatively disadvantaged as the beneficiaries of research, in terms of its health, societal, and economic impacts. Historical gender biases may have created a path dependency that means that the research system and the impacts of research are biased towards male researchers and male beneficiaries, making it inherently difficult (though not impossible) to eliminate gender bias. In this commentary, we â a group of scholars and practitioners from Africa, America, Asia, and Europeâ argue that gender-sensitive research impact assessment could become a force for good in moving science policy and practice towards gender equity. Research impact assessment is the multidisciplinary field of scientific inquiry that examines the research process to maximise scientific, societal, and economic returns on investment in research. It encompasses many theoretical and methodological approaches that can be used to investigate gender bias and recommend actions for change to maximise research impact. We offer a set of recommendations to research funders, research institutions, and research evaluators who conduct impact assessment on how to include and strengthen analysis of gender equity in research impact assessment and issue a global call for action
Prediction of the liftoff, blowout and blowoff stability limits of pure hydrogen and hydrogen/hydrocarbon mixture jet flames
The paper presents experimental studies of the liftoff and blowout stability parameters of pure hydrogen, hydrogen/propane and hydrogen/methane jet flames using a 2 mm burner. Carbon dioxide and Argon gas were also used in the study for the comparison with hydrocarbon fuel. Comparisons of the stability of H2/C3H8, H2/CH4 and H2/CO2 flames showed that H2/C3H8 produced the highest liftoff height and H2/CH4 required highest liftoff, blowoff and blowout velocities. The non-dimensional analysis of liftoff height was used to correlate liftoff data of H2, H2/C3H8, H2/CO2, C3H8 and H2/Ar jet flames tested in the 2 mm burner. The suitability of extending the empirical correlations based on hydrocarbon flames to both hydrogen and hydrogen/hydrocarbon flames was examined