The comparison of total antioxidant capacity of serum and saliva between patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus and control

Background and aim: In human body, there are a number of special systems to defend the damages caused by antioxidant. In some diseases the defense system against antioxidant activity alters and this alteration may be used in recognizing and the processing of different diseases. Diabetes is one of the most common and important chronic illnesses in which the antioxidant capacity is altered. The aim of this research was to determine and compare the antioxidant capacity of both serum and saliva of diabetics compare to the control group. Method: This is a cross - sectional research in which those under studying are 42 people of with typeII diabetes mellitus coming and going to the Arak diabetes center as the case group with 42 people of control group which were in the same age and sex with the people in the case group from the point of total antioxidant capacity in serum and saliva were compared. The capacity of antioxidant in serum and saliva was measured by FRAP method. Results: The average and standard deviation (mean±SD) of the total antioxidant capacity of serum and saliva in case group were in range: 2.51±0.088, 1.90±0.110 and in control group were: 2.90±0.107, 1.97±0.098 . (P=0.001, 0.74) From the statistical viewpoint, the increase in the total antioxidant capacity of serum in case group was meaningful, but the decrease in the total antioxidant capacity in saliva was not meaningful. Conclusion: Our results showed that the antioxidant capacity in the patients, s serum was higher than that in the control group. However, this difference was not observed in the saliva of these two groups. Conclusively, if this capacity of antioxidant is used in recognizing and processing of the disease, this difference should be taken into account

The effects of Chamomile tea on antioxidative biomarkers in operating room staff

Introduction: Chamomile tea (CT) is an herbal tea and is served as a beneficial herbal infusion all over the world. Its major polyphenols constituents and tea-catechins have been shown to have health benefits. Operating room staff are commonly exposed to damaging factors, such as radiation, waste anesthetic gases and psychological stress. One of the most important qualities of CT is its antioxidant property. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of CT in reducing the oxidative stress of operative room staff that are chronically exposed to damaging factors. Methods: In this study we approached to 20 operating room personnel. The subjects drank 2 cups of CT (every cup contained 1.8730 g of chamomile and 300 ml of water) daily, one cup in the morning and another in the afternoon for 21 days. A questionnaire that contained personal information was filled by each subject. Oxidative stress parameters such as total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase (CAT) and total thiol molecules (TTG) were measured 2 times: first before drinking CT at the first day and the next time after the 21st day. Results: Consumption of CT by subjects caused a significant induction in TAC (6.62 &plusmn; 0.77 vs 4.81&plusmn; 0.39 ųmol/ml, P &lt; .05) of saliva. There was not any statistically significant change in saliva TTG and CAT after 21 days of drinking CT. Conclusion: In the end we came to conclusion that CT can be a useful additional food to remove the oxidative damage that happens to operating room staff.</p

The effect of fish oil in oxidative stress indices in healthy pregnant women

زمینه و هدف: اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع با زنجیره طولانی اسیدهای چرب ضروری هستند که برای سلامت انسان، بویژه در بارداری اهمیت به سزایی دارند .در برخی از مطالعات، به درجه بالای غیراشباع بودن این اسید اشاره شده است که آنرا در معرض پراکسید شدن قرار می دهد. این مطالعه با هدف تاثیر اسیدهای چرب امگا 3 بر شاخص های استرس اکسیداتیو در زنان باردار سالم انجام گرفت. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه مداخله ای به روش نمونه گیری طبقه ای از درمانگاه های دولتی شهر اراک، 100 نفر به روش در دسترس انتخاب و به دو گروه مداخله و شاهد (50 نفر در هر گروه) تقسیم شدند. در گروه مداخله، از هفته 16 (15 هفته و 6 روز) تا پایان حاملگی هر روز یک کپسول 1000 میلی گرمی روغن ماهی Salmon حاوی 180 میلی گرم EPA (Eicosapentaenoic acid) و 129 میلی گرم DHA (Docosahexaenoic asid) داده شد. در گروه شاهد مراقبت روتین مداخله ای انجام شد. در هفته 40-37 بارداری، پس از گرفتن cc5 نمونه خون از ورید براکیال سرم آن جدا و میزان لیپیدپراکسید، ظرفیت آنتی اکسیدانی تام و گروه های تیول اندازه گیری شد. داده ها با استفاده از آزمون تی دانشجویی و کای دو تجزیه و تحلیل گردید. یافته ها: میانگین لیپیدپراکسید در مادران گروه مورد و شاهد به ترتیب nmol/ml8/1±7/2 و 14/2±29/3 بود (05/0P>). همچنین میانگین گروه های تیول به ترتیب در گروه مورد و شاهد mmol/ml19/0±33/0 و 26/0±28/0 (05/0P>) و میانگین ظرفیت تام انتی اکسیدانی به ترتیب در گروه مورد و شاهد mol/ml3/1±5/1 و 45/0±71/0 بود (001/0

The determination of saliva antioxidant capacity in 15-17 year old Students of Arak high schools

چکیده: زمینه و هدف: رادیکال های آزاد، اتم‌ها یا مولکول هایی هستند که به خاطر وجود الکترون تک بسیار واکنش‌پذیر می باشند. عدم تعادل بین تولید رادیکال های آزاد و سیستم دفاعی آنتی اکسیدانها باعث ایجاد استرس اکسیداتیو می‌شود که می‌تواند زمینه‌ساز بیش از یکصد نوع بیماری باشد. آلاینده های محیطی که سطح آنها در شهر اراک به دلیل صنعتی بودن بالاست، یکی از عوامل افزاینده تولید رادیکال های آزاد می باشند. لذا در راستای پیشگیری از ایجاد بیماری در شهر اراک این مطالعه با هدف تعیین ظرفیت آنتی اکسیدانی دانش آموزان 17-15 ساله این شهر انجام شد. روش بررسی: در یک مطالعه توصیفی- تحلیلی 720 نفر (395 دختر و 325 پسر) از دانش آموزان 17-15 ساله شهر اراک به روش نمونه‌گیری چند مرحله‌ای انتخاب شدند. در این مطالعه ظرفیت آنتی اکسیدانی تام بزاق با روش (Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma=FRAP) اندازه‌گیری شد که این روش بر اساس توانایی بزاق در احیای یونهای فرو (Fe+3) به فریک (Fe+2) است. یافته‌ها: میانگین و انحراف معیار ظرفیت آنتی اکسیدانی تام بزاق m/mLμ 065/0±53/1 بود که این مقدار در پسرها 071/0±64/1 و در دخترها 059/0±42/1 میکرومول در میلی‌لیتر بود (001/0

Cerium oxide nanoparticle modulates hepatic damage, inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in a dose-dependent manner: an in vivo study of rat liver

Objective (s): Cerium oxide nanoparticles nanoceria (CeNPs) is a novel nanoparticle that has great potential for the treatment of various diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effects of CeNPs on oxidative stress biomarkers in the liver of male rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four male Wistar rats were equally distributed into 4 groups (n=6/each). The first group was controlled and the next three groups received CeNPs (15, 30 and 60 mg/kg/day), with an intraperitoneal injection (IP) for 7 days. After treatment, serum and liver tissue was isolated. ALT and AST concentration, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total thiol molecules (TTM), interleukin 17 (IL-17), nitric oxide (NO) and TNF-α were measured. Results: CeNPs 30, 60 mg/kg caused a significant increased NO (P=0.03, P=0.001), TNF-α (P=0.03, P=0.01) and IL-17 (P=0.04, P=0.01) levels, compared with the control group. Also CeNPs caused a decrease in the TTM (P=0.002) and increased MDA (P=0.04) in 60 mg/kg group compared to the control group. CeNPs 15 mg/kg significantly suppressed mainly the increase in plasma activities of aminotransferases (ALT (P=0.001), AST (P=0.01)), and liver IL-17 (P=0.01) and NO (P=0.02) concentrations compared to the control group. Conclusion: These results suggest that the effects of CeNPs are dose-dependent and at 15 mg/kg dose, it may have protective effects. Moreover, CeNPs in 30 and 60mg/kg doses showed immunotoxicity and oxidative effects in the liver

Antioxidativeand hepatoprotective effects of Artemisia absinthium L. hydroalcholic extractin rat

Introduction: Artemisia absinthium L. (AA) is a large, diverse genus of the family Asteraceae. AAhas long been used as customary herbal medicine in world for the treatment of gastric pain, cardiacstimulation, improvement of memory and for the restoration of declined mental function. The aimof present study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of AA on some factors ref lecting thedevelopment of oxidative toxic stress in plasma.Methods: Twenty male rats were equally divided in to 4 groups (5 rats each). Group I actedas control (received normal salin). Treatment groups were II, III and IV which were givenArtemisia 10, 50 and 100 mg/kg/day respectively only by gavage for 24 hours. After treatment,blood specimens were collected. Liver enzymes such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) andalanine aminotransferase (ALT) with total antioxidant power (TAP) and total thiol groups (TTG)concentrations were measured.Results: Levels of ALT, AST and TTG were decreased in the group II compared to the control(group I). ALT and AST in 50 mg/kg group was observed compared with control group. Also, TTGincreased in Artemisia 50 mg/kg group compared to control group.Conclusion: Results suggests that alcoholic extract of Artemisia can ameliorate liver toxicity inrats through reducing the serum levels of ALT, AST, and oxidative damage

Effect of green tea on inflammation and oxidative stress in cisplatin-induced experimental liver function

Introduction: Cisplatin is one of the most potent chemotherapeutic antitumor drugs. Also, oxidative stress has been established to be involved in cisplatin-induced toxicity. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to examine the antioxidant and anti-inflammation potential of green tea hydroalcoholic extract (GTE) against the liver function of cisplatin in male rats.Methods: Adult male Wistar rats (180&ndash;250 g) were divided into 4 groups (n = 5) treated as follows: (1) control group (saline solution, 1 ml kg&minus;1 body weight, i.p.), cisplatin group (7 mg kg&minus;1 body weight, i.p.). Animals of Groups III received only green tea extract (30 mg/kg/day, by gavage). Group IV was given green tea extract+ cisplatin once daily for 24 hours. Liver function was evidenced in the cisplatin group by the increased serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The mechanism of cisplatin induced liver function was considered as being decreased the total antioxidant power (TAP). Systemic inflammation was assessed by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-&alpha;) levels.Results: A decrease in TAP level in cisplatin group was observed compared with control group. GTE administration decreased TNF-&alpha; and increased TAP compared to cisplatin group, but showed no significant differences between groups.Conclusion: The results suggested that green tea could ameliorate cisplatin liver function in rats through reduction of oxidative toxic stress and inflammation

Antioxidant Activity of Iranian Echium amoenum Fisch & C.A. Mey Flower Decoction in Humans: A cross-sectional Before/After Clinical Trial

Medicinal plants are recognized as sources of natural antioxidants that can protect from biological system oxidative stress. The present cross-sectional before/after clinical trial was carried out to investigate the antioxidant properties of the decoction of the flowers of Echium amoenum Fisch & C.A. Mey in humans. A group of 38 healthy subjects was invited to use the E. amoenum (7 mg kg(−1)) twice daily for 14 days. Blood samples before and after entering the study were measured for lipid peroxidation level (LPO), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total thiol (SH) molecules. A significant reduction of blood LPO (24.65 ± 11.3 versus 19.05 ± 9.7, P = 0.029) was observed after 14 days of E. amoenum consumption. Blood TAC (1.46 ± 0.51 versus 1.70 ± 0.36, P = 0.018) and total thiol molecules (0.49 ± 0.11 versus 0.56 ± 0.12, P = 0.001) increased after 14 days of E. amoenum consumption. In conclusion, this antioxidative stress potential of E. amoenum may be due to its bioactive antioxidant components, especially rosmarinic acid and flavonoids. In recent years the importance of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of many human disorders has been confirmed, thus use of this plant as a dietary supplement is highly recommended

Aerosol assisted synthesis of a pH responsive curcumin anticancer drug nanocarrier using chitosan and alginate natural polymers

In recent years, several nanocarrier synthesis methods have been developed. In cancer therapy, the use of smart nanocarriers is of interest. Smart nanocarriers respond to their environment and can release their cargo in a controlled manner under the action of internal or external stimuli. In this work, we report on the development of an aerosol-assisted method for the synthesis of curcumin-loaded chitosan/alginate-based polymeric nanocarrier (CurNCs). A custom-fabricated multi-nebulizer system was utilized for the synthesis of CurNCs. The developed system comprises three main parts a sprayer, an electric heater tunnel, and a collector. Curcumin and chitosan solutions were sprayed using a pneumatic multinebulizer into the electric heater tunnel to form chitosan-curcumin assemblies. Then, the aerosol was guided into the collector solution containing sodium alginate and tri-poly phosphate aqueous solution for further cross-linkage. The synthesized CurNCs were characterized using TEM, DLS, and FTIR techniques. The TEM size of the nanoparticles was 8.62 ± 2.25 nm. The release experiments revealed that the nanocarrier is sensitive to the environment pH as more curcumin is released at acidic pH values (as is the case for cancerous tissues) compared to physiological pH. The curcumin content of the nanocarrier was 77.27 mg g−1 with a drug loading efficiency of 62%. The in-vitro cytotoxicity of the synthesized nanocarrier was evaluated against the MCF7 breast cancer cell line. The IC50 concentrations for CurNCs and curcumin were obtained as 14.86 and 16.45 mg mL−1, respectively. The results showed that while the empty nanocarrier shows non-significant cytotoxicity, the CurNCs impact the cell culture and cause prolonged cell deaths. Overall, pH-responsive curcumin polymeric nanocarrier was synthesized using a custom fabricated aerosol-based method. The method enabled fast and feasible synthesis of the nanocarrier with high efficiency.This work has been supported by grants from the Bu-Ali Sina University Research Council and the Centre of Excellence in Development of Environmentally Friendly Methods for Chemical Synthesis (CEDEFMCS) which are gratefully acknowledged

Cardioprotective Effects of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Background: We assessed the potential efficacy of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). Methods: Seventy STEMI patients who presented ≤12 hours after the onset of symptoms and were scheduled for PPCI were randomly assigned to the standard treatments plus CoQ10 or placebo. In the intervention group, CoQ10, as an oral capsule at a dose of 400 mg, was loaded immediately before PPCI and continued at 200 mg twice daily for 28 days. The control group received a matching placebo, similarly. The study endpoints were the proportion of patients with complete myocardial reperfusion, defined as thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow and myocardial blush grade (MBG) 3 at the end of PPCI, the proportion of patients with complete ST-segment elevation resolution (≥70%) assessed 60 minutes after PPCI, the plasma levels of creatine kinase myocardial band isoenzyme (CK-MB) and troponin I (TnI) at 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours after PPCI, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) at day 28. Results: The study groups were comparable regarding baseline clinical and procedural characteristics. The proportion of patients with TIMI flow grade 3, MBG 3, and complete ST resolution after completion of PPCI was similar between the groups. Whereas at all-time points after PPCI (12, 24, 48, and 72 hours), the plasma levels of CK-MB and TnI were significantly lower in the CoQ10 group than in the control group. Further, at day 28, CoQ10-treated patients exhibited better LVEF than placebo-treated patients, and the proportion of patients with LVEF less than 50% was lower in the intervention group than in the control group. Conclusion: Our study provided evidence that CoQ10 supplementation might reduce myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury after PPCI and help to preserve left ventricular function. However, further studies are required to validate these results