The Study of (gamma, n) Reactions in Light Nuclei at Intermediate Photon Energy

The work presented in this thesis describes an experimental study of (gamma,n) reactions on 16O and 6Li nuclei using 50-70 MeV tagged photons. At this photon energy range, the so-called intermediate energy region, the photon absorption mechanism is not quantitatively established, but it is thought that pion- exchange-current effects are important. At the Max-Lab tagged photon facility in Lund(Sweden) it is possible to measure both (gamma, N) and (gamma, N N) reactions where N is either proton or neutron. The (gamma,n) measurements, performed by the Glasgow-Lund collaboration, are unique to this facility. The present experiment was performed using the Glasgow-Lund time-of-flight (TOF) spectrometer where emitted neutrons were detected by two liquid scintillator arrays positioned at 4

Monte Carlo simulation studies of collimator parameters for TARLA bremsstrahlung facility

Bu çalışma, 19-24 Ekim 2016 tarihleri arasında Antalya[Türkiye]’da düzenlenen 3. International Conference on Computational and Experimental Science and Engineering (ICCESEN)’da bildiri olarak sunulmuştur.In this work, calculations of the design of bremsstrahlung photon collimator within the scope of the Turkish Accelerator Center Project are presented. At TARLA facility (Turkish Accelerator Radiation Laboratory at Ankara), bremsstrahlung photons created by the accelerated electron beams, are transferred to the experimental area through the collimator, which has a conical geometry with length of 320 cm. In this study, Al, Fe and Cu materials were selected as collimator materials. All interactions between the collimator materials and Gaussian photon beam in 8-32 MeV energy range (8 MeV, 16 MeV, 24 MeV and 32 MeV) were taken into account. The entry radius, geometry and chosen materials are important parameters for collimator design. The photon fluence from collimator, secondary particle distributions and the number of photons, scattered from the collimator, were calculated as functions of these parameters. All calculations were made with the Monte Carlo code FLUKA. According to the results of these simulations, collimator with conical geometry, made of aluminium, with 0.25 cm entry radius, was determined to be appropriate for TARLA bremsstarhlung photon facility of Turkish Accelerator Center.Türkiye Devlet Planlama Teşkilatı DPT2006K-120470Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi 3407-D2-1

Calculations of temperature rise in Al, Cu and Fe photon collimators for 8-32 MeV photon beams

Bu çalışma, 19-24, Ekim 2016 tarihlerinde Antalya[Türkiye]’de düzenlenen 3. International Conference on Computational and Experimental Science and Engineering (ICCESEN) Kongresi‘nde bildiri olarak sunulmuştur.We have focused on temperature changes in the collimator at the TARLA bremsstrahlung photon facility. One of the important parameters during the design of an ideal collimator, especially for high-energy photons, is temperature rise in the collimator material. For this purpose, energy deposition in the collimator materials was simulated using the FLUKA Monte Carlo code. Depending on energy deposition values, temperature rise in the collimator materials of Al, Cu and Fe was calculated for photon beams with 8-32 MeV energies.Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Kalkınma Bakanlığı - DPT2006K-120470Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi - 3407-D2-1

Production of barite and boroncarbide doped radiation shielding polymer composite panels

Developments in nuclear technology in the last century have lead to the use of radiation in different areas of human activity. These are not just the energetics but also food, agriculture, medicine, industry and science. Thus, radiation has become an inevitable phenomenon in our lives. Since we cannot isolate radiation from our life, the radiation protection methods should be available. As alternatives to conventional radiation prevention methods, such as lead and heavy concrete shielding, more functional materials need to become the focus of research. The development of the least harmful to the environment, easily applicable, flexible radiation shields has become very important. In this study, silicon matrix composite panels, doped with different ratios of barite and boron carbide, were produced and characterized by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Gamma and neutron radiation shielding properties of these materials were investigated. The results have been compared with the lead as the standard shielding material

FARKLI ÇİMENTOLARLA ÜRETİLEN ÇİMENTO PASTALARININ RADYASYON ZIRHLAMA ÖZELLİKLERİ

Çimento inşaatlarda kullanılan en yaygın yapı malzemelerinden birisidir. Ayrıca, çimento beton üretiminde bağlayıcı madde olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, farklı çimento türleriyle üretilen çimento pastalarının radyasyon soğurma katsayısı (µ cm-1) ölçülmüştür. Ölçümler NaI(Tl) dedektörü ve Çok Kanallı Analizör (ÇKA) içeren gama spektrometresi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Çimento pastallarının üretiminde CEM IV/B(P) 32,5N ve CEM I 42,5R tipi çimento ve CEN referans kumu kullanılmıştır. Çimento pastaları için elde edilen deneysel sonuçlar XCOM programıyla hesaplanan değerler ile karşılaştırılmıştır

Estimation of bremsstrahlung photon fluence from aluminum by artificial neural network

Background: As bremsstrahlung photon beam fluence is important parameter to be known in a photonuclear reaction experiment as the number of produced particle is strongly depends on photon fluence. Materials and Methods: Photon production yield from different thickness of aluminum target has been estimated using artificial neural network (ANN) model. Target thickness and incoming electron energy has been used as input in ANN model and the photon fluence was output. Results: The results were estimated using ANN model for three different thickness and compared with the results obtained by EGS (Electron Gamma Shower) simulation. Conclusion: It can be concluded from this work that the bremsstrahlung photon fluence can be obtained using ANN model

A Novel Hierarchical Extreme Machine-Learning-Based Approach for Linear Attenuation Coefficient Forecasting

The development of reinforced polymer composite materials has had a significant influence on the challenging problem of shielding against high-energy photons, particularly X-rays and γ-rays in industrial and healthcare facilities. Heavy materials’ shielding characteristics hold a lot of potential for bolstering concrete chunks. The mass attenuation coefficient is the main physical factor that is utilized to measure the narrow beam γ-ray attenuation of various combinations of magnetite and mineral powders with concrete. Data-driven machine learning approaches can be investigated to assess the gamma-ray shielding behavior of composites as an alternative to theoretical calculations, which are often time- and resource-intensive during workbench testing. We developed a dataset using magnetite and seventeen mineral powder combinations at different densities and water/cement ratios, exposed to photon energy ranging from 1 to 1006 kiloelectronvolt (KeV). The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) photon cross-section database and software methodology (XCOM) was used to compute the concrete’s γ-ray shielding characteristics (LAC). The XCOM-calculated LACs and seventeen mineral powders were exploited using a range of machine learning (ML) regressors. The goal was to investigate whether the available dataset and XCOM-simulated LAC can be replicated using ML techniques in a data-driven approach. The minimum absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), and R2score were employed to assess the performance of our proposed ML models, specifically a support vector machine (SVM), 1d-convolutional neural network (CNN), multi-Layer perceptrons (MLP), linear regressor, decision tree, hierarchical extreme machine learning (HELM), extreme learning machine (ELM), and random forest networks. Comparative results showed that our proposed HELM architecture outperformed state-of-the-art SVM, decision tree, polynomial regressor, random forest, MLP, CNN, and conventional ELM models. Stepwise regression and correlation analysis were further used to evaluate the forecasting capability of ML techniques compared to the benchmark XCOM approach. According to the statistical analysis, the HELM model showed strong consistency between XCOM and predicted LAC values. Additionally, the HELM model performed better in terms of accuracy than the other models used in this study, yielding the highest R2score and the lowest MAE and RMSE

Parçacık Hızlandırıcıları ve Türk Hızlandırıcı Merkezi (THM) Projesi

Accelerator technologyone of themostcriticaltechnology. Nuclear reaction which can be used either nuclea rstructure or some other application is possible accelerating a particle. For this purposes there are about 30.000 accelerator some of them used in hospital for cancer treatment. Apart from health sector accelerator are used in particle physics, nuclear physics, biotehnology and nanotechnology, genetic, material science, industry, metrology, environment chemistry, pharmacology, mine energy, defence education communication etc research and applications. In Turkey even there are some center in hospital to be used in treatment for research there is no center. Turkish Accelerator center will play an important role for this purposes. In this study basic parameters and application fields of accelerator will be given and Turkish Accelerator Center will be detaile

Isparta' da Çıkarılan Andezit Ve Bazalt Kayaçlarının Radyasyon Soğurma Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi

Natural stones are generally igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary are divided into 3 classes including. A region of Isparta volcanic magmatic origin andesite and basalt stones which are classified as an area where there are plenty of rocks. These rocks are used as coating materials, especially in buildings. Therefore it is important to determine stones radiation absorbing properties. In this study, in Isparta andesite and basalt rocks extracted 137Cs and 60Co radiation absorbing properties obtained from the radioactive source 662, 1173, and 1332 keV gamma energy was measured for. Gamma Spectroscopy Laboratory measurements of Suleyman Demirel University, located in the 3 "x3" size NaI (Tl) detector containing gamma spectroscopy was performed using the syste

Monte Carlo simulations of bremsstrahlung photon yields from thin targets with electron beams between 10 and 40MeV

A linear accelerated electron beam is a powerful source of highly energetic photons that can be used for various nuclear applications. In this work, the bremsstrahlung photon yields from thin targets such as Ta, Nb, Cu and Al have been calculated using the FLUKA simulation code. The simulation calculations were performed for incident electrons with energies in the range of 1040MeV and targets with thicknesses between 4x104 and 103 radiation lengths.Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Kalkınma Bakanlığı (DPT2006K-120470