In situ observation of damage evolution in polycarbonate under ion irradiation with positrons

We report β+–γ coincidence positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy of in situ observation of ion damage in polycarbonate under irradiation by MeV-energy H+ ions. Ion damage was investi-gated from changes in the relative intensity of the long-lived ortho-positronium pick-off annihilation lifetime component measured under irradiation and non-irradiation conditions. It was found that at fluences of less than 1015 ions·cm−2 the relative intensity of this component during irradiation was significantly reduced compared to that after irradiation. This reduction disappears at fluences higher than 1015 ions·cm−2. Results suggest that at fluences up to 1015 ions·cm−2, transient damage struc-tures are formed under irradiation. 1

PRMT1 Deficiency in Mouse Juvenile Heart Induces Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Reveals Cryptic Alternative Splicing Products

Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) catalyzes the asymmetric dimethylation of arginine residues in proteins and methylation of various RNA-binding proteins and is associated with alternative splicing in vitro. Although PRMT1 has essential in vivo roles in embryonic development, CNS development, and skeletal muscle regeneration, the functional importance of PRMT1 in the heart remains to be elucidated. Here, we report that juvenile cardiomyocyte-specific PRMT1-deficient mice develop severe dilated cardiomyopathy and exhibit aberrant cardiac alternative splicing. Furthermore, we identified previously undefined cardiac alternative splicing isoforms of four genes (Asb2, Fbxo40, Nrap, and Eif4a2) in PRMT1-cKO mice and revealed that eIF4A2 protein isoforms translated from alternatively spliced mRNA were differentially ubiquitinated and degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. These findings highlight the essential roles of PRMT1 in cardiac homeostasis and alternative splicing regulation

生徒の人権意識を高める学校経営に関する事例研究

本研究の目的は，中学校において生徒の人権意識が高まった学校経営上の要因を明らかにすることである。本研究では次の５点が明らかになった。①校長が「安全・安心な学校」という学校経営のコンセプトを繰り返し，生徒や教職員，保護者に表明していた。このことが生徒の人権意識に影響を与え，教職員組織における人権教育を重視する規範の形成を促した。②校長が学校経営方針を毎年改善し，教職員へ教育計画の改善を要求したことが，教職員における毎年の教育改善の規範形成を促した。③教職員における人権教育重視と，毎年の教育改善の規範形成が，人権教育の授業研究の継続 を促した。④人権教育に関する授業研究の継続が，人権教育の授業の質の向上や，教職員の協働性の向上を促していた。校長によるメンター研修の導入も，教職員の協働性を向上させた。⑤人権教育の授業の質と教職員の協働性の向上が，生徒の人権意識の高まりを促した。The purpose of this study is to clarify the factors in school management that raised the awareness of human rights of students in junior high school. The following five points were clarified in this study. (1) The principal repeated the school management concept of safe and secure school and expressed it to students, staff, and parents. This affected students\u27 awareness of human rights and encouraged the formation of norms that emphasize human rights education in staff. (2) The principal improved the school management policy every year and requested staff to improve the education plan, which prompted the formation of a norm for improving education every year. (3) The emphasis on human rights education among staff and the formation of norms for improving education every year promoted the continuation of human rights education lesson study. (4) Continuation of lesson study on human rights education promoted the improvement of the quality of human rights education lessons and the improvement of collaboration among staff. The introduction of mentor training system by the principal improved the collaboration of faculty and staff. (5) Improving the quality of human rights education lessons and the collaboration of staff promoted the heightened awareness of human rights of students

総合的な学習「LIFE」のカリキュラム開発

中学校の「総合的な学習」のカリキュラム開発を行う上での視点と考慮すべき課題を明確にしながら実践的な研究をおこなった。総合的な学習は単に「知識の獲得」を求めるのではなく, 体験的な学習, 問題解決的な学習を積極的に取り入れることで, 教科等で身に付けられた知識や技能などが相互に関連付けられ, 「生きる力」を育むことができる

Nanogel-Based PspA Intranasal Vaccine Prevents Invasive Disease and Nasal Colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae

ABSTRACT To establish a safer and more effective vaccine against pneumococcal respiratory infections, current knowledge regarding the antigens common among pneumococcal strains and improvements to the system for delivering these antigens across the mucosal barrier must be integrated. We developed a pneumococcal vaccine that combines the advantages of pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) with a nontoxic intranasal vaccine delivery system based on a nanometer-sized hydrogel (nanogel) consisting of a cationic cholesteryl group-bearing pullulan (cCHP). The efficacy of the nanogel-based PspA nasal vaccine (cCHP-PspA) was tested in murine pneumococcal airway infection models. Intranasal vaccination with cCHP-PspA provided protective immunity against lethal challenge with Streptococcus pneumoniae Xen10, reduced colonization and invasion by bacteria in the upper and lower respiratory tracts, and induced systemic and nasal mucosal Th17 responses, high levels of PspA-specific serum immunoglobulin G (IgG), and nasal and bronchial IgA antibody responses. Moreover, there was no sign of PspA delivery by nanogel to either the olfactory bulbs or the central nervous system after intranasal administration. These results demonstrate the effectiveness and safety of the nanogel-based PspA nasal vaccine system as a universal mucosal vaccine against pneumococcal respiratory infection

Calreticulin and integrin alpha dissociation induces anti-inflammatory programming in animal models of inflammatory bowel disease

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, is a chronic intestinal inflammatory condition initiated by integrins-mediated leukocyte adhesion to the activated colonic microvascular endothelium. Calreticulin (CRT), a calcium-binding chaperone, is known as a partner in the activation of integrin α subunits (ITGAs). The relationship between their interaction and the pathogenesis of IBD is largely unknown. Here we show that a small molecule, orally active ER-464195-01, inhibits the CRT binding to ITGAs, which suppresses the adhesiveness of both T cells and neutrophils. Transcriptome analysis on colon samples from dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis mice reveals that the increased expression of pro-inflammatory genes is downregulated by ER-464195-01. Its prophylactic and therapeutic administration to IBD mouse models ameliorates the severity of their diseases. We propose that leukocytes infiltration via the binding of CRT to ITGAs is necessary for the onset and development of the colitis and the inhibition of this interaction may be a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of IBD

ケンコウ ズクリ オ シュタイ トシタ キョウシ ノ メンタル ヘルス タイサク ニツイテノ コウサツ

The mental health problem of teachers is a serious problem. According to recent statistics, about 5000 teachers were absent due to mental health problems. Causes :1) long working hours. 2) increased work volume. 3) differences in perceptions of difficult educational activities. 4) business improvement. 5) stress such as human relations in the workplace. In this article, I understand the situation of mental health of teachers and summarized the previous research on stress. we focused on work engagement, discussed teacher mental health prevention and health efforts