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Bacillus nattoがCandida albicansとC.stellatoideaに対してはその発育を阻止するが,他のCandida種の発育は阻止しない抗真菌物質を菌体外に産生することを確認した。B.nattoの培養上澄より活性炭の添加と限外ろ過(分子量 10,000)処理により粗抗カンジダ物質(ACS)を得た。粗ACSは供試したC.albicans154株の全株の発育を阻止したが,C.tropicalisの全株(5株)は発育が阻止されないことをペーパーディスク法により確認した。この方法により,粗ACSはこの2種のカンジダを明確に分別できることが判明した。粗ACSのC.albicansに対するMICは400μg/mlであったが,C.tropicalisは12,800μg/mlでも発育は阻止されなかった。-20℃に保存した粗ACSと4℃又は-20℃に保存した粗ACS溶液は初期の活性を8週間保持した。粗ACSのC.albicansに対する作用は主に静菌的であり,また弱く殺菌的にも作用した。この結果は粗ACSで処理したC.albicansの形態変化とも一致した。粗ACS含有サブロー寒天平板上のC.albicansの形態は,初めに一部の菌体が膨化し,次いで破壊される像が観察された。また,粗ACS含有液体培地中におけるC.albicansの形態は破壊され遊離した細胞質様物質が菌体周囲に存在し,多くの菌体はグラム陰性に染色された。以上の成績から,より簡単で迅速かつ正確なC.albicansの同定が,このペーパーディスク法と他の同定法とを併用することによって成し得ることが示唆された。Bacillus natto produced antifungal substance extracelluraly which inhibited the growth of Candida albicans and C. stellatoidea, but did not inhibit the growth of other Candida species. This antifungal substance was obtained from the culture filtrate by a procedure including the addition of active carbon and molecular filtration (MW 10,000), and this substance was designated as crude Anti-Candida substance (ACS). By paper disk method with crude ACS, the inhibitory zone was detected in all strains of C. albicans but not detected in any strains of C. tropicalis. A clear distinguishment between these two species was obtained by this method. MIC of crude ACS against C. albicans was 400 μg/ml but C. tropicalis growth was not inhibited at 12,800 μg/ml of crude ACS. Crude ACS which was stored at -20℃ and crude ACS solution which was stored at 4℃ or -20℃ retained its original inhibitory activity for 8 weeks. The action of crude ACS against C. albicans was mainly bacteriostatic and weakly bacteriocidal. This result was also identical with the morphological aspect of C. albicans treated with crude ACS. Regarding the morphological aspects of C. albicans on crude ACS-Sabouraud\u27s dextrose agar plate some organisms were swollen at first, and as a secondary step these were destroyed. In conclusion, this study suggests that a more easy, rapid, and exact identification of C. albicans can be done by the utilization this paper disk method in parallel with other identification methods

The NMR Spectroscopic Evaluation of Immobility of a Crowd of Porphyrin Rings Combined with Dendritic Poly(L-lysine)s

Since the dendritic poly(L-lysine)s combining eight to thirty-two free base-porphyrins showed split circular dichroism at the Soret band in toluene/N,N-dimethylformamide (9/1, v/v), the immobility of porphyrin rings was evaluated by 1H NMR measurements in terms of the peak width at half-height and spin-lattice relaxation time

Human NINEIN polymorphism at codon 1111 is associated with the risk of colorectal cancer

NINEIN serves an essential role in centrosome function as a microtubule organizing center, and in the reformation of the interphase centrosome architecture following mitosis. In the present study, the association between NINEIN Pro1111Ala (rs2236316), a missense single nucleotide polymorphism, and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), related to smoking and alcohol consumption habits in 200 patients with CRC and 1,141 cancer‑free control participants were assessed in a case‑control study performed in Japan. The results showed that the NINEIN Ala/Ala genotype compared with the Pro/Pro genotype was significantly more associated with an increased risk of CRC, and the males with the Ala/Ala genotype exhibited a significantly increased risk of CRC compared with those with Pro/Pro and Pro/Ala genotypes. Stratified analyses of the Ala/Ala genotype with CRC risk further showed an increased association in never/light drinkers (<23 g of ethanol/day), in male never/light drinkers and in male patients with rectal cancer. These findings suggest that the genetic variant of the NINEIN Pro1111Ala polymorphism has a significant effect on CRC susceptibility in the Japanese population