Sh3bp2 Gain-Of-Function Mutation Ameliorates Lupus Phenotypes in B6.MRL-Faslpr Mice

SH3 domain-binding protein 2 (SH3BP2) is an adaptor protein that is predominantly expressed in immune cells, and it regulates intracellular signaling. We had previously reported that a gain-of-function mutation in SH3BP2 exacerbates inflammation and bone loss in murine arthritis models. Here, we explored the involvement of SH3BP2 in a lupus model. Sh3bp2 gain-of-function (P416R knock-in; Sh3bp2KI/+) mice and lupus-prone B6.MRL-Faslpr mice were crossed to yield double-mutant (Sh3bp2KI/+Faslpr/lpr) mice. We monitored survival rates and proteinuria up to 48 weeks of age and assessed renal damage and serum anti-double-stranded DNA antibody levels. Additionally, we analyzed B and T cell subsets in lymphoid tissues by flow cytometry and determined the expression of apoptosis-related molecules in lymph nodes. Sh3bp2 gain-of-function mutation alleviated the poor survival rate, proteinuria, and glomerulosclerosis and significantly reduced serum anti-dsDNA antibody levels in Sh3bp2KI/+Faslpr/lpr mice. Additionally, B220+CD4-CD8- T cell population in lymph nodes was decreased in Sh3bp2KI/+Faslpr/lpr mice, which is possibly associated with the observed increase in cleaved caspase-3 and tumor necrosis factor levels. Sh3bp2 gain-of-function mutation ameliorated clinical and immunological phenotypes in lupus-prone mice. Our findings offer better insight into the unique immunopathological roles of SH3BP2 in autoimmune diseases

Use of FDG-PET in Radiation Treatment Planning for Thoracic Cancers

Radiotherapy plays an important role in the treatment for thoracic cancers. Accurate diagnosis is essential to correctly perform curative radiotherapy. Tumor delineation is also important to prevent geographic misses in radiotherapy planning. Currently, planning is based on computed tomography (CT) imaging when radiation oncologists manually contour the tumor, and this practice often induces interobserver variability. F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) has been reported to enable accurate staging and detect tumor extension in several thoracic cancers, such as lung cancer and esophageal cancer. FDG-PET imaging has many potential advantages in radiotherapy planning for these cancers, because it can add biological information to conventional anatomical images and decrease the inter-observer variability. FDG-PET improves radiotherapy volume and enables dose escalation without causing severe side effects, especially in lung cancer patients. The main advantage of FDG-PET for esophageal cancer patients is the detection of unrecognized lymph node or distal metastases. However, automatic delineation by FDG-PET is still controversial in these tumors, despite the initial expectations. We will review the role of FDG-PET in radiotherapy for thoracic cancers, including lung cancer and esophageal cancer

Human NINEIN polymorphism at codon 1111 is associated with the risk of colorectal cancer

NINEIN serves an essential role in centrosome function as a microtubule organizing center, and in the reformation of the interphase centrosome architecture following mitosis. In the present study, the association between NINEIN Pro1111Ala (rs2236316), a missense single nucleotide polymorphism, and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), related to smoking and alcohol consumption habits in 200 patients with CRC and 1,141 cancer‑free control participants were assessed in a case‑control study performed in Japan. The results showed that the NINEIN Ala/Ala genotype compared with the Pro/Pro genotype was significantly more associated with an increased risk of CRC, and the males with the Ala/Ala genotype exhibited a significantly increased risk of CRC compared with those with Pro/Pro and Pro/Ala genotypes. Stratified analyses of the Ala/Ala genotype with CRC risk further showed an increased association in never/light drinkers (<23 g of ethanol/day), in male never/light drinkers and in male patients with rectal cancer. These findings suggest that the genetic variant of the NINEIN Pro1111Ala polymorphism has a significant effect on CRC susceptibility in the Japanese population

SH3BP2 Deficiency Ameliorates Murine Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Background: The adaptor protein Src homology 3 domain-binding protein 2 (SH3BP2) is widely expressed in immune cells. It controls intracellular signaling pathways. The present study was undertaken to investigate the role of SH3BP2 in a murine systemic lupus erythematosus model. Methods: For the lupus model, we used Faslpr/lpr mice. Clinical and immunological phenotypes were compared between Faslpr/lpr and SH3BP2-deficient Faslpr/lpr mice. Splenomegaly and renal involvement were assessed. Lymphocyte subsets in the spleen were analyzed by flow cytometry. To examine the role of SH3BP2 in specific cells, B cell-specific SH3BP2-deficient lupus mice were analyzed; T cells and bone marrow-derived dendritic cells and macrophages were analyzed in vitro. Results: SH3BP2 deficiency significantly reduced lupus-like phenotypes, presented as splenomegaly, renal involvement, elevated serum anti-dsDNA antibody, and increased splenic B220+CD4−CD8− T cells. Notably, SH3BP2 deficiency in B cells did not rescue the lupus-like phenotypes. Furthermore, SH3BP2 deficiency did not substantially affect the characteristics of T cells and macrophages in vitro. Interestingly, SH3BP2 deficiency suppressed the differentiation of dendritic cells in vitro and reduced the number of dendritic cells in the spleen of the lupus-prone mice. Conclusions: SH3BP2 deficiency ameliorated lupus-like manifestations. Modulating SH3BP2 expression could thus provide a novel therapeutic approach to autoimmune diseases

A System for Worldwide COVID-19 Information Aggregation

The global pandemic of COVID-19 has made the public pay close attention to related news, covering various domains, such as sanitation, treatment, and effects on education. Meanwhile, the COVID-19 condition is very different among the countries (e.g., policies and development of the epidemic), and thus citizens would be interested in news in foreign countries. We build a system for worldwide COVID-19 information aggregation (http://lotus.kuee.kyoto-u.ac.jp/NLPforCOVID-19 ) containing reliable articles from 10 regions in 7 languages sorted by topics for Japanese citizens. Our reliable COVID-19 related website dataset collected through crowdsourcing ensures the quality of the articles. A neural machine translation module translates articles in other languages into Japanese. A BERT-based topic-classifier trained on an article-topic pair dataset helps users find their interested information efficiently by putting articles into different categories.Comment: Poster on NLP COVID-19 Workshop at ACL 2020, 4 pages, 3 figures, 7 table

A Report on Overseas Teaching Practicum by Graduate Students in Elementary/Secondary Schools in the United States (IX)

This short paper reports on the 9th overseas teaching practicum in the United States by 12 graduate students of Hiroshima University, Japan, partly organized by Hiroshima University Global Partnership School Center (GPSC). The grand total has become 89 since this project started in 2006. The participants this year were those majoring in elementary/secondary school education, including one in-service teacher. They observed and conducted lessons in English in four local public schools in North Carolina. The aim of this project was threefold: 1) to self-develop practical instructional competence by teaching pupils with different cultural backgrounds; 2) to enhance the abilities in developing teaching materials through hands-on teaching experiences in English; and 3) to acquire the abilities to design, implement and evaluate programs for promoting global partnership. Like past years, their teachings were very positively covered by the local newspapers and websites. Later, the project was followed by cross-cultural field study visits to NC State Capitol, Raleigh and the U.S. Capitol, Washington, D.C. It is hoped that this intensive experience overseas will broaden the young future Japanese teachers’ global awareness and confidence in teaching

[資料] 専門看護師によるコンサルテーションにおける課題の明確化と共有に関する文献検討

要旨：目的：専門看護師によるコンサルテーションにおける課題の明確化と共有のプロセスに焦点を当て、既存の資料や文献に示された知見を整理し、実践的示唆や今後の課題について検討すること。方法：「専門看護師」「コンサルテーション」「課題」「共有」をキーワードに文献検索し、コンサルテーションの定義や類似する役割、課題の明確化や共有のための働きかけに関する事項を抽出した。倫理的配慮：著作権を遵守した。結果：コンサルテーションの定義は、コンサルタントがコンサルティ課題解決を側面的に援助する過程に総括された。コンサルタントが早期に課題を明確化・共有することはモデルやアプローチの判断を促進し、そのためにインタビューをはじめとする研究的な能力、コンサルティの自己省察や気づきを得るための働きかけが活用されていた。考察：コンサルテーションにおける課題の明確化・共有を推進するためには、コンサルテーションや類似する役割に関する理解の推進、コンサルタントの専門性や研究的な能力を活用することが重要である。結論：コンサルテーションにおける課題の明確化・共有はコンサルタントの研究的な能力やコンサルティの自己省察や気づきを得るための働きかけにより推進されていた。Abstract:Objective: To focus on the process of clarifying and sharing issues in consultation with a Certified Nurse Specialist (CNS), to organize the findings presented in existing materials and literature, and to consider practical suggestions and future issues.Method: A literature review was conducted using the keywords "Certified Nurse Specialist (CNS)," "consultation," "issues," and "share." Items related to the definition of consultation, similar roles, and efforts to clarify and share issues were extracted.Ethical considerations: Copyright compliance.Results: The definition of consultation was summarized as the process by which the consultant assisted the consultee in solving the problem. Early clarification and sharing of issues by consultants facilitate the judgment of models and approaches, and for that purpose, research abilities such as interviews, self-reflection by consultants and efforts to gain awareness are utilized.Discussion: In order to promote clarification and sharing of issues in consultation, it is important to promote an understanding of consultation and similar roles, and to utilize the expertise and research ability of consultants.Conclusion: Clarification and sharing of issues in consultation was enhanced by the consultant\u27s research ability, selfreflection of the consultation, and efforts to gain awareness

看護師の学士課程教育における地域看護診断演習の効果

目的：看護師の学士課程教育における地域看護診断演習の効果について明らかにする。方法： 2019年度にA 大学の看護師教育課程の科目「地域看護学援助演習」を受講した3年生のうち、研究に同意した87名を対象とした。演習のレポートから学修内容についての記述を抽出し質的帰納的に分析した。結果： 地域看護診断演習によって、学生は【地域の健康課題を分析していく視点と方法の獲得】、【地域の健康課題に対する支援を検討していく視点の獲得】、【地域看護の特質への理解の深まり】、【地域看護への関心と視野の広がり】、【効果的なチームワークについての理解の深まり】を学修していた。結論： 学生は、地域や人々の生活状況を踏まえて支援すること、地域看護への関心と地域を支える一員として自覚をもつこと、チームワークについて学んでいた。以上から、本演習は今後の保健医療を担う看護師に必要とされる力の獲得に効果があったといえる。Objective: The purpose of this research is to clarify the effects of education program for community health nursing diagnosis in the bachelor level course for nursing.Method: The subjects were 87 of third grade students of bachelor nursing course in A University that took “an education program for community health nursing diagnosis” in 2019 and gave consent. Text related to learning outcomes of the program were abstracted from the assignment report and qualitative-inductive analysis was conducted.Results: The effects of an education program for community health nursing diagnosis were shown to be consisted of followings; “Gaining perspectives and methods for analyzing community health issues”, “Gaining perspectives to consider support to community health issues”, “Deepening their understanding of the characteristics of community health nursing”, “Increase in interest and widening of perspectives towards community health nursing”, and “Deepening their understanding of effective teamwork”.Conclusion: Through this program, students learned about support based on local characteristics and people’s living conditions, and about teamwork. The students also became interested in community health nursing and aware as members of the community. Therefore, it is considered that this program was effective in acquiring the competence required for nurses useful in future health care system

Evaluating Public Health Nurse Curriculum of A University Using Student Self-Evaluation

目的：保健師教育課程修了時の公衆衛生看護学実習において、学生の自己評価を用いて保健師教育評価の指標の到達度を明らかにし、A大学の保健師教育課程の評価を行う。 方法：保健師教育課程を履修し、2022年度に公衆衛生看護学実習を行ったA大学4年次学生20人を対象とした。公衆衛生看護学実習経験記録表、保健師教育評価の指標（62項目）を用いて、学生の自己評価の状況を分析し、目標到達者の人数をカウントし、その割合を算出した。 結果：保健師教育評価の指標の目標到達者割合の平均は72.4％であり、目標到達割合が100％の項目は5項目であり、80％以上の項目は26項目、50％未満の項目は8項目であった。 考察：保健師教育評価の指標の目標到達割合を勘案すると、到達状況は良好であった。目標到達者の割合が低い項目に関する授業・実習内容については、今後、再考する必要性が示唆された。departmental bulletin pape

On the origin and evolution of the asteroid Ryugu: A comprehensive geochemical perspective

Presented here are the observations and interpretations from a comprehensive analysis of 16 representative particles returned from the C-type asteroid Ryugu by the Hayabusa2 mission. On average Ryugu particles consist of 50% phyllosilicate matrix, 41% porosity and 9% minor phases, including organic matter. The abundances of 70 elements from the particles are in close agreement with those of CI chondrites. Bulk Ryugu particles show higher δ18O, Δ17O, and ε54Cr values than CI chondrites. As such, Ryugu sampled the most primitive and least-thermally processed protosolar nebula reservoirs. Such a finding is consistent with multi-scale H-C-N isotopic compositions that are compatible with an origin for Ryugu organic matter within both the protosolar nebula and the interstellar medium. The analytical data obtained here, suggests that complex soluble organic matter formed during aqueous alteration on the Ryugu progenitor planetesimal (several 10’s of km), <2.6 Myr after CAI formation. Subsequently, the Ryugu progenitor planetesimal was fragmented and evolved into the current asteroid Ryugu through sublimation