A MULTIMEDIA MODEL FOR THE EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOR OF DIOXINS

Joint Research on Environmental Science and Technology for the Eart

K-Ar Age Detemination for Quaterary Volcanic Rocks Based on the Mass Fractionation Correction Method : Methodology and its Application to Ontake and Aso Volcanoes

報告番号: 乙10049 ; 学位授与年月日: 1991-02-21 ; 学位の種別: 論文博士 ; 学位の種類: 理学博士 ; 学位記番号: 第10049号 ; 研究科・専攻: 理学系研究

A novel saccharification method of starch using microwave irradiation with addition of activated carbon.

Activated carbons were investigated for their heat catalytic effects to improve saccharification of starch by autohydrolysis in water under microwave electromagnetic field, and the results were compared with graphite and carbon nanotubes. The activated carbons with low adsorptive capacity of maltose showed high saccharification rate, while those with high adsorptive capacity exhibited low saccharification. In addition, the former activated carbons decreased the saccharification temperature by 10-30°C. Maltooligosaccharides produced in the presence of the latter activated carbons were recovered by desorption with 50% aqueous ethanol. The results indicated that both adsorptive capacities of maltooligosaccharides and catalytic effects of hot spots arisen from the uneven surface structure of activated carbons might contribute to the improvement in starch saccharification

Easy Cell Detachment and Spheroid Formation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Two-Dimensional Colloidal Arrays

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) may develop into any form of cell and are being intensively investigated. The influence on iPSCs of nanostructures generated using two-dimensional colloidal arrays was examined in this study. Colloidal arrays were formed using the following procedure. First, core–shell colloids were adsorbed onto a glass substrate using a layer-by-layer method. Second, the colloids were immobilized via thermal fusion. Third, the surface of the colloids was modified by plasma treatment. By adjusting the number density of colloids, cultured iPSCs were easily detached from the substrate without manual cell scraping. In addition to planar culture, cell aggregation of iPSCs attached to the substrate was achieved by combining hydrophilic surface patterning on the colloidal array. Multilayered cell aggregates with approximately four layers were able be cultured. These findings imply that colloidal arrays might be an effective tool for controlling the strength of cell adhesion