Determinants of renewable energy implementation: A case-study of Ostrobothnia region Finland

Ever rising carbon levels and environmental footprints resulting from energy generation activities are devastating impacts being registered on planet earth. Environmental concerns coupled with threats of globally fluctuating oil prices posing huge economic burdens are bringing a progressive change in society. These factors are provoking the heightened sense of energy security and effective deployment of natural resources. It is eventually leading universe towards a carbon free energy sustainable technologies in the form of renewable energies. Despite of influential effect of existing energy market players, renewables have started to emerge as sustainable energy future. This study represents the important determinants that are motivating for the implementation of renewable energy in one of the municipality in Finland. This country clearly represents an example of technologically advanced countries with long rooted expertise and highly committed behavior in the development and implementation of energy technology on global level. Various different literature studies provide a deep comparative insight to different factor for the implementation of renewable energy as a literary framework followed a sequential examination of these factors under the criticism conducted by data collected. After performing a comparative analysis, a final model of motivating determinants has been presented. This study presents an insight to the motivating determinants for the implementation of renewable energy technologies in Finland and provides future suggestions for further studies.fi=Opinnäytetyö kokotekstinä PDF-muodossa.|en=Thesis fulltext in PDF format.|sv=Lärdomsprov tillgängligt som fulltext i PDF-format

Manual trans-tracheal high frequency positive pressure ventilation for left main bronchus and carinal mass surgical resection in a child

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT), also called pseudo-tumor, is a very rare condition and accounts for less than 1% of primary lung tumor. It is most common benign tumor of lung in children. This case is reported with the objective of highlighting the role of manual trans-tracheal high frequency positive pressure ventilation (HFPPV) in facilitating surgical resection with maintenance of adequate oxygenation and a little compromised ventilation. A 9-year boy, weighing 21 kg, was diagnosed as a case of IMT of left main bronchus on biopsy and was successfully treated by surgical excision through left thoracotomy. HFPPV through improvised technique was used for ventilation and oxygenation during surgery. Total Intravenous anaesthesia with propofol infusion and increments of fentanyl was used during HFPPV. After the completion of the surgery, conventional positive pressure ventilation (PPV) was continued through the endotracheal tube (ETT) to check any bronchial stump leak. After the surgery, patient was weaned and extubated in the operating room. Hospital course remained uneventful and the patient was discharged after 6 days. HFPPV with manually improvised technique is applicable in carinal surgery for optimization of oxygenation, ventilation, and uninterrupted surgical resection

Un análisis empírico de los factores que influyen en el emprendimiento social: Un enfoque de género

[EN] Purpose: This study examines how entrepreneurial ecosystem factors (entrepreneurial finance, entrepreneurial education, physical and commercial infrastructure, culture, and R&D transfer activities) shape social entrepreneurial activities (SEA) of men and women. Design/methodology/approach: Panel data from 35 countries are examined through General Methods of Moments (GMM) with Arellano Bond tests for the period of ten years (2005-2014). Findings: Our results indicate that women are more likely to get involved in creation of social ventures. Further, the selected six entrepreneurial factors modify SEA in a significantly different manner for both genders. Originality/value: Based on this analysis, this study is the first to provide deeper insights for improving the assessment of social entrepreneurial activities in efficiency and innovation driven economies within the entrepreneurial ecosystem.[ES] Finalidad: Este estudio examina el modo en que los factores del ecosistema empresarial (financiación empresarial, educación empresarial, infraestructura física y comercial, cultura y actividades de transferencia de I+D) dan forma a las actividades empresariales sociales (AES) de hombres y mujeres. Diseño/metodología/enfoque: Para un periodo de diez años (2005-2014) se examinan datos de panel de 35 países mediante los Métodos Generales de Momentos (GMM), empleando el test de Arellano Bond. Hallazgos: Nuestros resultados indican que las mujeres son más propensas a involucrarse en la creación de empresas sociales. Además, los seis factores empresariales seleccionados modifican las AES de una manera significativamente diferente para ambos géneros. Originalidad/valor: Sobre la base de este análisis, el presente estudio es el primero en ofrecer una visión más profunda para mejorar la evaluación de las actividades empresariales sociales en economías impulsadas por la eficiencia y la innovación dentro del ecosistema empresarial

Rice Seedling Characteristics of Various Genotypes Influenced by Different Sowing Dates in Swat-Pakistan

To study the effect of different sowing dates on rice nursery rising and to evaluate their effect on yield and yield components of rice genotypes, an experiment was conducted at Agriculture Research Institute (N) Mingora Swat, Pakistan, during summer 2011. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with four replications. Seven genotypes (PARC 403, OM5627,IR64,IR8225-9-3-2-3, CIBOGO,GA-5015, and FakhreMalakand) and 5 sowing dates (D1= 25th April, D2= 10th May, D3= 25th May, D4= 9th June, and D5= 24th June) were used. Each genotype was sown in six rows in dry bed nursery. The germination percentage was above 90%. The nursery reached its optimum size up to 30 days and was ready for transplantation.Sowing on either D5 (24th June) or D4(9th June)gave maximum leaf area(9.6 and 9.1 cm2) followed by D3 (7.2 cm2), maximum leaves seedling-1 produced by D3 (5.3) followed by D2 (5.0). Maximum seedling height was gave by sowing on D5 (23.5 cm) followed by D4 (19.9 cm), maximum biomass gave by sowing on D4 (15.3 gm) and D5 (13.8 gm) followed by D2 and D3 (12.8 and 12.2 gm), highest root number gave by D4 (13.0) followed by D2 and D3 (11.3 and 11.5) and highest root length gave by D1 and D2 (10.7 and 10.7 cm) followed by D3 (9.6 cm). Among the rice genotypes FakhreMalakand produced highest seedling height (21.9 cm), highest biomass (14.0 gm), highest root length (12.9 cm) followed by GA-5015 while maximum leaf area gave by genotype PARC 403 (9.8 cm2) and number of leaves (4.9) followed by FakhreMalakand (8.3 cm2 and 4.6) respectively. Later data showed that highest paddy yield (6.49 t ha-1) was produced by FakhreMalakand sown on either D2 or D3 while the other genotypes were at par valued in this order. On the basis of the above results, it is recommended that rice nursery rising should be either D2 or D3May10th or 25th in the agro-ecological conditions of swat valley. Keywords: Rice (Oryza sativa L.), genotypes, sowing dates, biomass, seedlin

The \u27molar tooth sign\u27 in Joubert syndrome

The molar tooth sign is seen in very few conditions and is a very rare paediatric central nervous system congenital anomaly. Molar tooth sign is the result of cerebellar vermis hypoplasia, thick and maloriented superior cerebellar peduncles, and an abnormally deep interpeduncular fossa. In Joubert syndrome this is seen in about 85% of patients. We present a case of 13 months old baby boy with recurrent episodes of fits and hyperpnoea, regression of milestones and developmental delay. MRI examination showed the characteristic molar tooth sign with apposition of cerebellar hemispheres, batwing-shaped fourth ventricle communicating through a thin fissure with foramen of Magendie, cerebellar vermis agenesis and deep interpeduncular fossa consistent with diagnosis of Joubert syndrome

Comparison between intravenous boluses versus infusion of tranexamic acid (TXA) to reduce bleeding in paediatric cyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD) surgeries

Objective: To compare the intravenous boluses and intravenous continuous infusion of tranexamic acid (TXA) to reduce postoperative bleeding in cyanotic congenital heart disease surgeries. Study Design: Single-blinded randomised clinical trial. Place and Duration of Study: Anaesthesia Department, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from July 2016 to April 2017.Methodology: Sixty patients of cyanotic congenital heart disease, undergoing either palliative or corrective surgery involving cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), were recruited. These 60 patients were divided randomly into two groups. The infusion group received intravenous infusion of TXA at 5 mg/kg/hour while the bolus group received three intravenous boluses of 10 mg/kg after induction, after going to bypass and after protamine reversal. Data was collected through predesigned proforma. There were two primary outcomes: postoperative bleeding in the first 24 hours, and chest closure time.Results: Postoperative bleeding was 13.94 (10.27-20.18) ml/kg in the first 24 hours in infusion group and 15.05 (9.04- 23.50) ml/kg in the bolus group. Chest closure time was 38.5 (25-45) in infusion group and 30 (20-46.25) minutes in the bolus group. There was no statistically significant and clinical difference between both groups regarding postoperative bleeding in the first 24 hours and chest closure time.Conclusion: These infusion and bolus groups had comparable postoperative bleeding and chest closure time