Evaluation of iron and zinc levels in recurrent tonsillitis and tonsillar hypertrophy

WOS: 000372213200012PubMed ID: 26954864Objectives: The aim of this study is to look into the roles of iron and zinc metals in etiopathogenesis of recurrent tonsillitis and tonsillar hypertrophy by evaluating the levels of iron and zinc elements in the palatine tonsillar tissue. Methods: In total, 40 patients who underwent a tonsillectomy to treat recurrent tonsillitis and tonsillar hypertrophy were included in the study. Patients were classified into two groups, recurrent tonsillitis and tonsillar hypertrophy, determined by the results of clinical and histopathological examination. The levels of iron and zinc elements were determined for each tonsillar tissue sample. Results: There was a significant difference in the iron and zinc concentrations (p < 0.001) between the tonsillar hypertrophy and recurrent tonsillitis groups. The levels of iron and zinc were significantly lower in the recurrent tonsillitis group. Conclusions: This study suggests that low tissue concentrations of iron and zinc may lead to recurrent tonsillitis. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Effect of Amygdalin on the treatment and recurrence of endometriosis in an experimental rat study

Background: Endometriosis is an aggressive disorder and associated with infertility, pelvic pain and intra-abdominal adhesions in women of reproductive age. Women with endometriosis has the potential risk of recurrence ranging from 21.5% in two years to 50% in five years after recovery period. Therefore, there is a certain requirement for new drugs as an alternative therapy to the current ones.Aim: The aim of the present study is to compare the effects of amygdalin and leuprolide acetate on endometriosis development and recurrence in rats.Study Design: Animal experimentMethods: A total of 30 adult female rats were enrolled. Induction of endometriosis was performed by implanting endometriotic focci on the peritoneal side of the abdominal wall. Before amygdalin or leuprolide acetate treatment one of the implant was removed for histopathological analysis, and rats were randomly divided into three groups. Saline (Group 1), amygdalin (Group 2), and leuprolide acetate (Group 3) were administered for three weeks. After treatment, one of the remaining three implants was excised for histopathological evaluation, and all treatments were terminated. Estradiol was given after the estradiol induction for the recurrence of endometriosis. Rest of the implanted tissues were removed, then all rats were euthanised. The implant volumes, histopathological injury and fibrosis levels were observed.Results: The endometriotic foci volumes in Group 2 and Group 3 were significantly lower than in Group 1 (p = 0.001, p = 0.002, respectively). The histopathological injury scores and fibrosis levels were not significantly different among the groups (p > 0.05).Conclusion: The present study showed that amygdalin has an evident effect in the treatment of endometriosis.</p

Clinicopathological features of our renal cell carcinoma metastasis cases: A single-center experience

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common renal tumor in adults, arising from renal tubular epithelial cells. Approximately 30% of patients with RCC have metastases at the time of diagnosis, while metastases can be seen in 40% of patients during follow-up after nephrectomy. Metastases most commonly occur in the lung, bone, and lymph nodes. In our study, we aimed to retrospectively examine the cases diagnosed with RCC metastasis and evaluate their clinicopathological features. Age, gender, metastasis site, number of metastatic foci, localization of primary kidney tumor, histopathological type of primary kidney tumor, diameter of primary kidney tumor, grade of primary kidney tumor, and survival status of 52 patients diagnosed with RCC metastasis were recorded. Eleven (21.2%) of the cases had primary RCC and simultaneous (synchronous) RCC metastasis in the kidney. In 27 (51.9%) cases, RCC metastasis was detected in the follow-up period (metachronous) after nephrectomy due to the diagnosis of primary. The number of patients who were initially diagnosed with RCC metastasis and then were found to have primary RCC in the kidney was 14 (26.9%). Thirty-nine (75%) cases had a single metastatic focus. Metastasis site distribution of the cases; bone 18 (34.6%), lung 16 (30.8%), lymph nodes 8 (15.4%), liver 6 (11.5%), adrenal gland 6 (11.5%), brain 4 (7.7%) was. RCC metastases can occur as metastatic disease before primary tumor diagnosis, at the time of primary tumor diagnosis, or years after nephrectomy. [Med-Science 2023; 12(4.000): 1140-4

Ectopic omental deciduosis associated with pregnancy

Ectopic decidua (deciduosis) is most commonly localized in the ovary, uterus, cervix, and tuba uterina. It can rarely be observed within the peritoneum in pregnant women during laparotomy. More rarely, it can be localized in the omentum, appendix, liver, and spleen. It is usually incidental. In a 23-year-old female patient, a biopsy was taken from the thickening in a 4x3 cm area on the omentum during cesarean section. Microscopic evaluation revealed decidualized cells the majority of which had large polygonal eosinophilic cytoplasm and a few of which had vacuolated cytoplasm, that formed small nodules in the adipose tissue. Immunohistochemically, the decidualized cells were positive for vimentin, progesterone receptor antibody and negative for S-100, HMB-45, calretinin, pancytokeratin. The case was reported as ectopic omental deciduosis. Although ectopic omental deciduosis is a benign lesion, it may be confused with malignant tumors. Therefore, differential diagnosis should be made carefully. [Med-Science 2020; 9(4.000): 1093-6

Large-cell lung cancer originating from tracheal bronchus - A rare case

WOS: 000372911100025PubMed ID: 27122281Tracheal bronchus is a rarely seen congenital anomaly generally originating from the right lateral wall of the trachea and approximately 2 cm above the carina. It was firstly defined by Sandifort in 1785 and its frequency of incidence in normal population changes between 0.1% and 2%. There are two types called ''Supernumerary'' and ''Displaced''. It is a rarely seen kind of tracheal anomaly although fairly well defined. The cases accompanied by lung cancer are seen more rarely. Nine cases of this association were reported in literature and tracheal bronchus-lung cancer association whose pathological result is undifferentiated large-cell carcinoma has not been stated so far. We present a 75 years old male patient as possibly the first case having tracheal bronchus and large-cell carcinoma association in literature

Effects of Ecballium elaterium on brain in a rat model of sepsis-associated encephalopathy

Despite recent advances in antibiotic therapy, sepsis remains a major clinical challenge in intensive care units. Here we examined the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of Ecballium elaterium (EE) on brain, and explored its therapeutic potential in an animal model of sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) [induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)]. Thirty rats were divided into three groups of 10 each: control, sepsis, and treatment. Rats were subjected to CLP except for the control group, which underwent laparatomy only. The treatment group received 2.5 mg/kg EE while the sepsis group was administered by saline. Twenty-four hours after laparotomy, animals were sacrificied and the brains were removed. Brain homogenates were prepared to assess interleukin 1beta (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and total oxidant status (TOS). Brain tissue sections were stained by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) to semi-quantitatively examine the histopathologic changes such as neuron degeneration, pericellular/perivascular edema and inflammatory cell infiltration in the cerebral cortex. We found a statistically significant reduction in brain tissue homogenate levels of TNF-α 59.5 ± 8.4/50.2 ± 6.2 (p = 0.007) and TOS 99.3 ± 16.9/82.3 ± 7.8 (p = 0.01) in rats treated with EE; although interleukin 6 levels were increased in the treatment group compared to the sepsis group, this was not statistically significant. Neuronal damage (p = 0.00), pericellular/perivascular edema and inflammatory cell infiltration (p = 0.001) were also significantly lower in the treatment group compared to those in the sepsis group. These data suggest that Ecballium elaterium contains some components that exert protective effects against SAE in part by attenuating accumulation of proinflammatory cytokines, which may be important contributors to its anti-inflammatory effects during sepsis

Protective effects of apocynin and melatonin on ovarian ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats

Objective: This study aims to determine the protective effects of apocynin, a NADPH oxidase inhibitor, and melatonin, an endogenous anti-oxidant, in an animal model of ovarian ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Materials/Methods: Thirty-five female rats were randomly divided into five groups, namely group I (sham), group II (I/R), group III (I/R 10 mg/kg apocynin), group IV (I/R + 20 mg/kg apocynin), and group V (I/R +10 mg/kg melatonin). Ovarian tissue and serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PC) levels were measured. Ovarian histopathology was examined and Bax, caspase 3, and iNOS immunoreactivities were evaluated. Results: Preoperative apocynin and melatonin significantly increased SOD and CAT activities (P < 0.05, P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.01, P < 0.01, P < 0.05, P < 0.05, and P < 0.01, respectively, for both apocynin and melatonin). In addition, preoperative apocynin and melatonin significantly decreased the ovarian I/R injury score (P < 0.01 for both). Bax, caspase 3, and iNOS immunoreactivities were significantly lower in the I/R + 10 mg/kg apocynin and I/R +10 mg/kg melatonin groups than in the I/R group (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, P < 0.01, P < 0.01, P < 0.05, and P < 0.01, respectively). Conclusions: Apocynin and melatonin are powerful antioxidant agents with considerable bioavailability and safety. Preoperative apocynin and melatonin administration might protect ovarian tissue from I/R injury after surgical adnexal detorsion