Proceedings: 3rd International Conference on Food and Agricultural Economics: THE EFFECT OF SPIRULINA PLATENSIS (GOMONT) GEITLER EXTRACTS ON SEED GERMINATION OF LACTUCA SATIVA L.

Because of increasing human population and their food need the agricultural production increases, too. But meanwhile artificial fertilizer using and their negative effects to ecosystem are rising day by day. So, the scientist research different alternative solution for this pollution such as eco-friendly biofertilizer.Group of Cyanobacteria consists of photosynthetic prokaryotic microorganisms that has a highly diversity. Cyanobacteria can produce different metabolites that are valuable economically such as amino acids, proteins, vitamins etc. This study focuses the effects of different concentrations of Spirulina platensis (Gomont) Geitler extracts on the germination of lettuce seeds. For this purpose, root-stem length, lateral root number and wet-dry weight were investigated. The application of S5 (100% cell extract) showed an inhibitory effect on seed germination and so other parameters could not be measured. S2 (25% cell extract) and S3 (50% cell extract) applications had a positive effect on germination and seedling development in lettuce. As a result; cyanobacterial extract has positive effects on seed germination and plant growth-development and it is possible to produce a commercial and ecological biostimulant by developing different extract concentrations. And this biostimulant may be used instead of the other ecologically harmful artificial fertilizer. By the way; the large amount money that spends for the artificial fertilizer will be brought to the economy of Turkey

Proceedings: 3rd International Conference on Food and Agricultural Economics: THE EFFECT OF SPIRULINA PLATENSIS (GOMONT) GEITLER EXTRACTS ON SEED GERMINATION OF CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.

World population and their nutrient requirement increase day by day. Farmers try to obtain much more crop per area and for this reason they use abundant artificial fertilizer, and also spend a lot of money for fertilization. But these fertilizers create a serious pollution in the nature. So, nowadays the scientist study to develop a new formula biofertilizer or biostimulant that consists organic substances. For this aim they use microorganisms. Cyanobacteria has a highly diversity group that consists of photosynthetic prokaryotic microorganisms. Cyanobacteria that produce lots of metabolites such as amino acids, proteins, vitamins etc. have a wide spread. In this study, the effects of different concentrations of Spirulina platensis (Gomont) Geitler extracts on the germination of Capsicum annuum L.seeds and root-stem length, lateral root number and wet-dry weight were investigated. The application of S5 (100% cell extract) showed an inhibitory effect on seed germination. S2 (25% cell extract) and S3 (50% cell extract) applications had a positive effect on germination and seedling development in pepper. As a result; cyanobacterial extract has positive effects on seed germination and plant growth-development and it is possible to produce a commercial and ecological biostimulant by developing different extract concentrations

Biosorption of Heavy Metal Ions from Aqueous Solutions by Nonliving Scenedesmus Quadricauda Biomass

In present study, biosorptions of lead (II), cadmium (II), cobalt (II) and chromium (III) ions from water were studied and dead algae biomass (Scenedesmus quadricauda Chodat) was used as natural and biological sorbents. The effects of pH, contact time and metal concentration on the biosorption capacity were investigated. The maximum biosorption capacities for Co (II), Cr (III), Cd (II) and Pb (II) were found to be 32.8, 20.3, 63.9 and 123.0 mg/g, respectively. The experiments showed that when pH increased, an increase in the biosorption capacity of the biomass was observed. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models were applied to experimental equilibrium data of metal ions adsorption and the value of RL for Co (II), Cr (III), Cd (II) and Pb (II) was found to be 0.639, 0.580, 0.915 and 0.949, respectively. The algae biomass was effectively used as a sorbent for removal of metal ions from aqueous solutions

Assessment of the ecological and trophic status of Lake Bafa (Turkey) based on phytoplankton

Phytoplankton groups are one of the major quality element to be used in the evaluation of the trophic and ecological state of freshwater ecosystems according to the EU Water Framework Directive. This research was made to assess the trophic and ecological status of Lake Bafa in Turkey, on the basis of phytoplankton communities. Buyuk Menderes River is one of the most important factor that carries pollutants to Lake Bafa. The eight sampling station were assigned to evaluate the ecological and trophic state of the lake. Phytoplankton species were collected monthly for 2 years study period. Most commonly used phtoplankton indices Q index and Carlson's Trophic State Index (TSI), and different versions of diversity indices were used to estimate trophic and ecological state of the lake. Similarities between the sampling stations were clustured by using the unweighted pair group method using arithmetic average (UPGMA), based on phytoplankton communities. Correlations between the applied indices were determined by using Pearson Correlation. After the identification of collected phytoplanktons, total of 63 taxa which belong to classis of Cyanophyceae (11.2%), Bacillariophyceae (49.2%), Chlorophyceae (23.8%), Xanthophyceae (1.5%), Euglenophyceae (11.2%) and Dinophyceae (3.1%) were detected. The 1st and 2nd stations were the most similar stations to each other (88%) according to phytoplankton communities. Secchi disc depth (SD) and TP played an important role in the distribution of phytoplankton species in Lake Bafa. The highest significant positive correlation was determined between Q and TSI (r = 0.987, p0.01). Considering the TDI values in the phytoplankton composition of the lake, it can be said that although the productivity status of the studied lake is still mesotrophic, it has a tendency towards eutrophic state. According to the Q values, the first five stations reflect the moderate ecological state, while the 6th, 7th and 8th stations represent the poor ecological state.This research was supported by Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK, Project no: 114Y249)Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [114Y249

Infectious Complications of Induction Therapies in Kidney Transplantation.

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and BK virus (BKV) are post-transplant opportunistic viral infections that affect patientand graft survival. This study was designed to evaluate the risk of BKV nephropathy and CMV disease in kidneytransplant recipients who received induction therapy with ATG or basiliximab.Material/Methods: We retrospectively analyzed information on 257 adult patients who underwent kidney transplantation betweenJanuary 2007 and 2017. Patients were categorized into 3 groups according to the induction therapies. The primaryendpoint was the onset of CMV disease or biopsy-confirmed BKV nephropathy. The secondary endpointswere biopsy-proven rejection episodes, graft loss, loss to follow-up, and death.Results: We followed 257 patients for a median of 55.5 months. The incidence of CMV disease was significantly higherin the only ATG group compared to the group without induction treatment (p<0.001). There was no significantdifference in the incidence of BKV nephropathy among groups (p>0.05). The dosage of ATG (OR, 10.685; 95%CI, 1.343 5 to 85.009; P=0.025) was independent risk factor for death.Conclusions: This study demonstrated that a higher dosage of ATG in high-risk patients is associated with an increased riskof CMV disease and patient death, also, reducing the dosage may be a rational strategy for increasing graftand patient’s survival