ABD Başkanlık Sisteminin Liderlik Boyutunun İncelenmesi Examining the Leadership Dimension of the US Presidency System

Son yıllarda ABD başkanlık sistemi, üzerinde birçok araştırma yapılan bir konu haline gelmiştir. Ülkemizde, parlamenter sistem yerine, başkanlık sisteminin getirilmesi konulu tartışmalar olmuştur. Bu süreçte, Türkiye’de başkanlık sisteminin yapısı, yoğun bir şekilde tartışılmıştır. Bu süreçte, ABD başkanlık sistemi gündeme gelmiştir. Bu araştırma çerçevesinde, ABD başkanlık sistemi, liderlik boyutuyla deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, 2016 yılında, İstanbul’da, devlet ve vakıf üniversitelerinde okuyan öğrencilere anket uygulanmıştır. Araştırmaya 734 öğrenci katılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, siyasi konulara ilgi duyan üniversite öğrencilerinin; ABD başkanının entelektüel liderliği, ABD başkanının icracı liderliği ve ABD başkanlık sisteminde liderlik algıları arasında istatistiki olarak anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur. The US presidential system has become a subject of much research in recent years. Particularly in our country, there have been discussions on the introduction of the presidential system instead of the parliamentary system. In this study, how to have a structure of the presidential system in Turkey, widely discussed and this eventually became the US presidential agenda. Within this research framework, the US presidential system has been experimentally examined in terms of leadership. For this purpose, a questionnaire was applied to students who were studying at state and foundation universities in Istanbul in 2016. 734 students participated in the survey. As a result of the research, university students who are interested in political topics, statistically significant differences were found between US president’s intellectual leadership, US president’s executive leadership and leadership perceptions in the US presidential system

Retorik Söylemin İçerik Kalitesi ve Etkileme Amacına Yönelik Algının Akademisyenler Düzeyinde Araştırılması An Empirical Research on Academicians’ Perceptions About Rhetoric Discourse For Its Content Quality and Aim of Effect

Güzel söz söyleme sanatı olarak tanımlanan retorik, kimilerine göre iyi bir söylem tarzı değildir; çünkü retorik söylemde ikna etme, manipüle etme ve aldatma vardır. Kimilerine göre de yazının ve konuşmanın akıcılığı, motivasyonu ve yaratıcılığı geliştirir. Bu çalışmada, konuya bu açıdan yaklaşılmış ve akademisyenlerin retorik söylem algısı tarafımızdan geliştirilen ‘’Retorik Söylem Algısı Ölçeği’’ ile ölçülmüştür. Demografik verilere göre verilen yanıtlar karşılaştırılmış ve akademisyenlerin faktör bazında verdikleri yanıtların demografik özelliklerine göre değişim gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Rheotoric, defined as eloquence, is not a decent discourse style according to some people; because in rhetoric discourse there is persuasion, manipulation and deception. On the other hand, some others think that rhetoric discourse assures fluency in both orthography and speech, which leads to an improvment in motivation and creativity. In this study, it is aimed to approach to the subject in that context and the perception of academicians’ on rhetoric discourse is measured by ‘’Rhetoric Discourse Perception Scale’’ which is developed by ourselves

Is there a relationship between age and side dominance of tubal ectopic pregnancies? – A preliminary report

Objectives: To determine whether there exists a relationship between age and side dominance of tubal ectopic pregnancies. Material and Methods: One hundred twenty patients were retrospectively analyzed. The sides of the tubal ectopic pregnancies were recorded on the basis of laparoscopy or laparotomy findings. Five age groups were created: 20-24, 25-29, 30-34, 35-39, and ≥40 years. Results: Of the patients who were ≥ 30 years of age, 46 (69%) and 21 (31%) had tubal ectopic pregnancies on the right and left sides, respectively (p=0.002). In the 35-39 years of age group, 17 of 20 patients (85%) had tubal ectopic pregnancies on the right, and 3 of 20 patients (15%) on the left side (p=0.002). In the 30-34 years of age group, 26 of 39 patients (67%) and 13 of 39 patients (33%) had tubal ectopic pregnancies on the right and left sides, respectively (p=0.037). In the ≥ 40 years of age group, 3 of 8 patients (37%) had tubal ectopic pregnancy on the right side, while 5 patients (63%) on the left side (p=0.48). Conclusions: Patients who are between the age of 30-40 years have a right-sided dominance of tubal ectopic pregnancy, however studies that involve larger numbers of subjects are needed to make definitive conclusions about women older than 40 years of age

Is the presence of deep infiltrative endometriosis underestimated in the surgical management of endometriosis?

Objectives:The aim of the study was to determine the presence of deep infiltrative endometriosis (DIE) in the surgical management of endometriosis.Material and methods: Operation notes and histopathological reports of women with endometriosis were retrospectively analyzed in the Ege University Hospital between 2008 and 2018. A total of 191 women with suspicious of endometriosis but without clinical signs of DIE were enrolled in the study. Laparoscopic diagnosis of DIE was compared with histopatho-logical reports. There was no histopathology before surgery. Endometriosis was suspected only based on symptoms.Results: A total of 213 lesions that were thought to be DIE were removed from 191 women with endometriosis. Among these 213 lesions, 179 specimens were reported as endometriosis and 34 lesions as fibro-adipose tissue. Forty-nine right uterosacral ligaments were excised, and endometriosis was detected in 44 out of 49 specimens. Histopathological examination of 45 left uterosacral ligaments revealed endometriosis in 35 specimens. Finally, 25 endometriotic nodules were removed from the recto-vaginal space, and 22 of these were verified as endometriosis by a pathologist. The positive predictive value of laparoscopic visualization for DIE in the group suspected of endometriosis but without any clinical findings of DIE was 84%.Conclusions: Women with the suspicious of endometriosis, qualified to surgery, because of infertility or pain, should be prudently investigated to confirm or to exclude coexistence of DIE even if no preoperative sign of DIE was observed to provide complete resection. Otherwise, DIE continues to grow, causes pain postoperatively, and complicates subse-quent surgery

Comparison of Posterior and Antero-Lateral Renal Tumors in Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis

This study aimed to compare the antero-lateral and posterior localized renal masses in laparoscopic partial nephrectomy with the retroperitoneal approach in terms of operative, functional, and oncological outcomes. Patients who underwent retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy by a single surgeon between January 2013 and January 2021 were included in the study. A one-to-one propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was conducted to obtain two balanced groups. The patients were divided into two groups as posterior and antero-lateral according to the localization of the mass. A total of 239 patients were included in the PSM analysis, with 65 patients allocated to each group. The mean operative time was 79.2 ± 11.2 min in the posterior group, while it was 90.0 ± 11.6 min in the antero-lateral group (P < 0.001). Warm ischemia time was 15.9 ± 2.4 min in the posterior group and 18.6 ± 2.7 min in the antero-lateral group (P < 0.001). The median decrease in eGFR at 1 year was 4.8 (IQR, 2.9–6.9) mL/min in the posterior group and 5.0 (IQR, 2.8–11) mL/min in the antero-lateral group (P = 0.219). The warm ischemia time and clamping technique were found to be significant factors for predicting eGFR change after surgery (β:0.693, 95% CI: 0.39–0.99, P < 0.001; β:6.43, 95% CI: 1.1–11.7, P = 0.017, respectively). We report that retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy provided longer warm -ischemia and operative time for antero-lateral renal masses than posterior masses. However, long-term oncological and functional results were similar for both localizations

Organizasyonel Yeniliğin ve Personel Güçlendirmenin İş Performansına Etkisi: Bir Sanayi Firması Uygulaması

Amaç - Günümüzde işletmelerin yenilik performanslarını arttırabilmeleri yeteneklerine güvenilen iş görenlerin yaratıcı düşüncelerini açığa çıkarmaları ile mümkün olabilmektedir. Çalışanlarda yaratıcı fikirlerin açığa çıkmasını sağlayan örgütler rekabet ortamında ayakta kalmayı başaracaklardır. Personel güçlendirme ile hem iş performansı hem de organizasyonel yenilik performansı değişim gösterecektir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, personel güçlendirme ve organizasyonel yeniliğin çalışan performansı üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektir. Yöntem - Kocaeli ilinde faaliyet gösteren Arçelik A.Ş.’nin yan sanayi ürünlerini oluşturan Tekkan A.Ş.’nin 300 çalışanına anket uygulaması yapılmıştır. Eksiksiz gelen 175 anket değerlemeye alınmıştır. Çalışanların organizasyonel yenilik performansı Wang ve Ahmet’in 2004 yılında geliştirdiği 17 soruluk Organizasyonel Yenilik Ölçeği ile ölçülmüştür. Çalışanlarda personel güçlendirme ölçümünde Spreitzer’in (1995) anlam, yeterlilik, seçim ve etki boyutlarından oluşan 12 soruluk Psikolojik Güçlendirme Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. İş performansı ise 4 sorudan oluşan Kirkman ve Rosen (1999) ölçeği ile ölçülmüştür. Verilerin analiz edilmesinde SPSS programı kullanılmış, tüm ölçekler için geçerlik ve güvenilirlik analizleri yapılmıştır. Çalışmada değişkenler arası ilişki ve etki düzeyini ölçmek amaçlı faktör analizi, korelasyon ve regresyon analizleri yapılmıştır. Bulgular - Araştırma sonucunda, personel güçlendirmenin organizasyonel yenilik performansı ve iş performansı üzerinde etkisinin olduğu görülmüştür. Tartışma - Organizasyonel yenilik faktörleri olan süreç ve ürün yeniliği, davranışsal yenilik ve stratejik yenilik ile iş performansı arasında ilişki tespit edilmeye çalışılmış ve Personel güçlendirme faktörleri olan anlam faktörü, seçim faktörü, etki faktörü ve yeterlilik faktörü ile iş performansı arasındaki ilişki irdelenmiştir

PAMOGK: A pathway graph kernel based multi-omics clustering approach for discovering cancer patient subgroups

Accurate classification of patients into homogeneous molecular subgroups is critical for the developmentof effective therapeutics and for deciphering what drives these different subtypes to cancer. However, the extensivemolecular heterogeneity observed among cancer patients presents a challenge. The availability of multi-omic datacatalogs for large cohorts of cancer patients provides multiple views into the molecular biology of the tumorswith unprecedented resolution. In this work, we develop PAMOGK, which integrates multi-omics patient data andincorporates the existing knowledge on biological pathways. PAMOGK is well suited to deal with the sparsity ofalterations in assessing patient similarities. We develop a novel graph kernel which we denote as smoothed shortestpath graph kernel, which evaluates patient similarities based on a single molecular alteration type in the contextof pathway. To corroborate multiple views of patients evaluated by hundreds of pathways and molecular alterationcombinations, PAMOGK uses multi-view kernel clustering. We apply PAMOGK to find subgroups of kidney renalclear cell carcinoma (KIRC) patients, which results in four clusters with significantly different survival times (p-value =7.4e-10). The patient subgroups also differ with respect to other clinical parameters such as tumor stage andgrade, and primary tumor and metastasis tumor spreads. When we compare PAMOGK to 8 other state-of-the-artexisting multi-omics clustering methods, PAMOGK consistently outperforms these in terms of its ability to partitionpatients into groups with different survival distributions. PAMOGK enables extracting the relative importance ofpathways and molecular data types. PAMOGK is available at github.com/tastanlab/pamog

The moderating effect of psychological vulnerability in the relationship between toxic emotion experiences and intention of leave

Yönetici ve çalışanların olumsuz davranışlarının etkisiyle kirlenen örgüt atmosferi çalışanların zamanla zehirlenmelerine sebep olmaktadır. Bu toksisite örgüt içerisinde yayılmakta ve tüm çalışanları etkisi altına alabilmektedir. Fakat psikolojik olarak kırılgan ve hassas kişilerinbu durumdan daha fazla olumsuz etkilenebileceği düşünülmektedir. Toksisite yoğunlaştıkça da işten ayrılma niyetinin artması beklenmektedir. Bu beklentiyi sınamak amacıyla, Burdur ilinde faaliyet gösteren bir unlu mamul tesisinde çalışan 275 kişi üzerinde anket yöntemi kullanılarak bir araştırma yürütülmüştür. Yapılan doğrusal regresyon analizi sonucunda toksik duygu durumlarının psikolojik kırılganlığı ve işten ayrılma niyetini önemli ölçüde arttırdığı tespit edilmiştir. Bunun yanında psikolojik kırılganlığın da işten ayrılma niyetini anlamlı şekilde etkilediği saptanmıştır. Bu araştırmanın en önemli ve özgün bulgusu ise SPSS Process Makrosu kullanılarak tespit edilen düzenleyici etkidir. Buna göre toksik duygu deneyimleri ve işten ayrılma niyeti ilişkisinde psikolojik kırılganlığın anlamlı şekilde düzenleyici etkiye sahip olduğu saptanmıştır.Organizational atmosphere, which is poisoned by the negative behaviors of managers and employees, causes poisoning of employees. This toxicity is spreading within the organization and can affect all employees. However, it is thought that psychologically fragile and vulnerable people may be affected more negatively from this situation. As the toxicity intensifies, the intention to leave is expected to increase. In order to test this expectation, a survey was conducted on 275 people working in a bakery factory in Burdur city. As a result of the linear regression analysis, it was found that toxic emotional experiences significantly increased psychological vulnerability and intention to leave. In addition, psychological vulnerability was found to have a significant effect on intention to leave. The most important and unique finding of this study is the regulatory effect determined by using SPSS Process Macro. Accordingly, the psychological vulnerability plays a moderating role in the relation between toxic emotion experiences and intention to leave

Multimodal and Multilingual Understanding of Smells using VilBERT and mUNITER

We evaluate state-of-the-art multimodal models to detect common olfactory references in multilingual text and images in the scope of the Multimodal Understanding of Smells in Texts and Images (MUSTI) at Mediaeval’22. The goal of the MUSTI Subtask 1 is to classify paired text and images as to whether they refer to the same smell source or not. We approach this task as a Visual Entailment problem and evaluate the performance of the English model ViLBERT and the multilingual model mUNITER on MUSTI Subtask 1. Although base VilBERT and mUNITER models perform worse than a dummy baseline, fine-tuning these models improve performance significantly in almost all scenarios. We find that fine-tuning mUNITER with SNLI-VE and MUSTI train data performs better than other configurations we implemented. Our experiments demonstrate that the task presents some challenges, but it is by no means impossible. Our code is available on https://github. com/Odeuropa/musti-eval-baselines