Development of an Approach for Producing Architectural form in Architectural Design Education

AbstractAt the early stages of architectural education, it is observed that students have difficulty to produce forms. Students, during the design process, comfortably use basic geometrical elements one by one, however are not able to diversify them by transformation because of the fact that students are not capable enough to transform basic geometrical forms in accordance with arithmetical operations and geometrical transformation. In this study examining the architectural form creation; a three-month case study is conducted with first year students in Department of Architecture through which the software is used. Initially architectural projects of students designed in accordance with traditional methods and it is observed that students are not able to throughly transform the forms. At the second stage, students are expected to develop their projects through sofware transformations. Additionally, a questionaire is also conducted with students in order to define the possitive and negative aspects of forms created with this method

The Relationship between Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene Polymorphism (G894T) and Isole Coronary Artery Ectasia

29th Turkish Cardiology Congress of the Turkish-Society-of-Cardiology (TSC) with International Participation -- OCT 26-29, 2013 -- Antalya, TURKEYWOS: 000329858400493…Turkish Soc Cardio

The Effect of Corrected Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Endothelial Dysfunction on Fmd Levels in Patients with Selected Chronic Diseases: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

While the pathophysiology of chronic disorders varies there are three basic mechanisms - inflammation, oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction - that are common in many chronic diseases. However, the failure of these mechanisms to work synchronously can lead to morbidity complicating the course of many chronic diseases. We analyzed data of 178 patients from cohorts with selected chronic diseases in this quasi-experimental study. Endothelial dysfunction was determined by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels. Serum ADMA, high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), serum PTX3, malondialdehyde (MDA), Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels and FMD were studied in baseline and after 12 weeks of Morinda citrifolia (anti-atherosclerotic liquid- AAL), omega-3 (anti-inflammatory capsules- AIC) and extract with Alaskan blueberry (anti-oxidant liquid- AOL). Stepwise multivariate regression analysis was used to evaluate the association of FMD with clinical and serologic parameters. Serum ADMA, MDA, PTX3, hsCRP and albumin levels, and proteinuria were significantly decreased while CuZn-SOD, GSH-Px and FMD levels were significantly increased following AAL, AIC and AOL therapies. The FMD was negatively correlated with serum ADMA, MDA, PTX3, and hsCRP levels and positively correlated with CuZn-SOD and eGFR levels. ADMA and PTX3 levels were independently related to FMD both before and after AAL, AIC and AOL therapies. Our study shows that serum ADMA, MDA, PTX3 levels are associated with endothelial dysfunction in patients with selected chronic diseases. In addition, short-term AAL, AIC and AOL therapies significantly improves a number of parameters in our cohort and can normalize ADMA, PTX3, hsCRP and MDA levels

FRI0547 The Effect of Corrected Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Endothelial Dysfunction on Fmd Levels in Patients with Selected Chronic Diseases: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

While the pathophysiology of chronic disorders varies there are three basic mechanisms - inflammation, oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction - that are common in many chronic diseases. However, the failure of these mechanisms to work synchronously can lead to morbidity complicating the course of many chronic diseases. We analyzed data of 178 patients from cohorts with selected chronic diseases in this quasi-experimental study. Endothelial dysfunction was determined by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels. Serum ADMA, high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), serum PTX3, malondialdehyde (MDA), Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels and FMD were studied in baseline and after 12 weeks of Morinda citrifolia (anti-atherosclerotic liquid- AAL), omega-3 (anti-inflammatory capsules- AIC) and extract with Alaskan blueberry (anti-oxidant liquid- AOL). Stepwise multivariate regression analysis was used to evaluate the association of FMD with clinical and serologic parameters. Serum ADMA, MDA, PTX3, hsCRP and albumin levels, and proteinuria were significantly decreased while CuZn-SOD, GSH-Px and FMD levels were significantly increased following AAL, AIC and AOL therapies. The FMD was negatively correlated with serum ADMA, MDA, PTX3, and hsCRP levels and positively correlated with CuZn-SOD and eGFR levels. ADMA and PTX3 levels were independently related to FMD both before and after AAL, AIC and AOL therapies. Our study shows that serum ADMA, MDA, PTX3 levels are associated with endothelial dysfunction in patients with selected chronic diseases. In addition, short-term AAL, AIC and AOL therapies significantly improves a number of parameters in our cohort and can normalize ADMA, PTX3, hsCRP and MDA levels

Comparative review of biochemistry and cell anatomy of the hepatic tissue in rats administered some anti hypertensive drug for a long time

The adverse biochemical and structural effects of antihypertensive drugs over a long period (clonidine, methyldopa, rilmenidine, amlodipine, ramipril) on hepatic tissue has been examined in this study. The results are considered to be beneficial for the identification of indications and contraindications in hypertensive patients. Severe bile duct proliferation, portal inflammation, interface hepatitis, focal necrosis and hepatocyte degeneration were demonstrated in the clonidine and amlodipine groups, which had higher oxidant parameters, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine amino transferase and lactate dehydrogenase activity and a higher amount of 8-OH Gua. In the group receiving rilmenidine, all the histopathological findings were the same as those in the clonidine and amlodipine groups, except for bile duct proliferation and interface hepatitis. On histopathological examination of the cell anatomy, it was shown that methyldopa and ramipril caused mild liver damage. While clonidine and amlodipine gave rise to severe liver damage, rilmenidine caused moderate damage, and methyldopa and ramipril led to mild loss of liver function.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Metabolik sendrom varlığı ve ciddiyeti ile atriyuma ait elektromekanik gecikme ve P dalga dispersiyonu arasındaki ilişki

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, atriyum içi ve atriyumlar arası elektromekanik gecikme (AEMG) ve P dalga dispersiyonu (PDD) ile metabolik sendrom (MetS) varlığı ve şiddeti arasındaki ilişki incelendi. Çalışma planı: Çalışmaya MetS olan (n=72) ve olmayan (kontrol grubu, n=72) toplam 144 hasta alındı. MetS ciddiyetinin belirlenmesi için hastalar MetS ölçütlerinin sayısına göre üç gruba ayrıldı: Grup 1 (üç ölçütlü hastalar), Grup 2 (dört ölçütlü hastalar) ve Grup 3 (beş ölçütlü hastalar). Hastaların 12 derivasyonlu elekrokardiyografilerinden PDD ve doku Doppler parametrelerinden kulakçıklar arası ve kulakçıklar içi AEMG hesaplandı. Bulgular: Kulakçılar arası AEMG (22.9±15 ve 11.5±14, p<0.001) ve kulakçık içi AEMG değerleri (23.6±12 ve 8.3±19, p<0.001) MetS’li hastalarda, kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı olarak daha uzun bulundu. Benzer şekilde, PDD değerleri kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında MetS’li hastalarda anlamlı olarak daha uzun bulundu (49±25 ve 36±24, p=0.001). Ancak, kulakçıklar arası ve içi AEMG ve PDD’nin MetS şiddeti ile ilişkisi gösterilemedi. Korelasyon analizinde, atriyumlar arası AEMG ve atriyum içi AEMG daha çok sol ventrikül kitle indeksi ve sol atriyum hacim indeksi ile, P dalga dispersiyonu ise daha çok mitral Doppler parametreleri ile ilişkili bulundu. Çoklu değişken analizi sonucu, atriyumlar arası AEMD için, HDL-K, sistolik ve diyastolik kan basıncı bağımsız öngördürücüler olarak bulunurken; E/A ve LDL için bu değerler istatistiksel anlamlılık sınırında kaldı. Kulakçık içi AEMD için ise sistolik ve diyastolik kan basıncı, beden kitle indeksi ve E/A bağımsız öngördürücüler olarak bulundu. Sonuç: MetS’li hastalarda kulakçıklar arası ve kulakçık içi AEMG ve PDD, kontrol grubuna kıyasla daha uzundur. Fakat bu uzamanın MetS ciddiyeti ile ilişkisi yoktur.Objectives: In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between the presence and severity of metabolic syndrome (MetS) with intra- and inter-atrial electromechanical delay (AEMD) and P-wave dispersion (PWD). Study design: A total of 144 patients (72 MetS patients and 72 age- and sex-matched control subjects) were included in the study. Patients with MetS were classified into three groups based on the number of MetS criteria as follows: Group 1 (patients with three MetS criteria), Group 2 (patients with four MetS criteria) and Group 3 (patients with five MetS criteria). Intra- and inter-AEMD were measured from parameters of tissue Doppler imaging. PWD was calculated from the 12-lead electrocardiogram. Results: Both inter-AEMD (22.9&plusmn;15 vs. 11.5&plusmn;14, p&lt;0.001) and intra-AEMD (23.6&plusmn;12 vs. 8.3&plusmn;19, p&lt;0.001) were found to be significantly longer in patients with MetS than the control group. Similarly, PWD (49&plusmn;25 vs. 36&plusmn;24, p=0.001) were found to be significantly longer in the MetS patients than the controls. However, both inter-AEMD and intra-AEMD and P wave measurements were not found to be associated with the severity of MetS. While inter and intra-AEMD were better correlated with LV mass index and LA volume index, PWD correlated better with mitral inflow Doppler parameters. According to multivariate analyses, inter-AEMD, HDL-C, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were found to be independent predictors, whereas E/A and LDL-C had borderline significance. For the intra-AEMD, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index and E/A were found to be independent predictors. Conclusion: In patients with MetS, inter- and intra-AEMD, and P dispersion were found to be lengthened when compared with the controls. However, these parameters were not associated with the severity of MetS

Biochemically and histopathologically comparative review of thiamine's and thiamine pyrophosphate's oxidative stress effects generated with methotrexate in rat liver

PubMed: 23197226Background: Oxidative liver injury occurring with methotrexate restricts its use in the desired dose. Therefore, whether or not thiamine and thiamine pyrophosphate, whose antioxidant activity is known, have protective effects on oxidative liver injury generated with methotrexate was comparatively researched in rats using biochemical and histopathological approaches. Material/Methods: Thiamine pyrophosphate+methotrexate, thiamine+methotrexate, and methotrexate were injected intraperitoneally in rats for 7 days. After this period, all animals' livers were excised, killing them with high-dose anesthesia, and histopathologic and biochemical investigations were made. Result: Biochemical results demonstrated a significant elevation in level of oxidant parameters such as MDA and MPO, and a reduction in antioxidant parameters such as GSH and SOD in the liver tissue of the methotrexate group. Also, the quantity of 8-OHdG/dG, a DNA injury product, was higher in the methotrexate group with high oxidant levels and low antioxidant levels, and the quantity of 8-OHdG/dG was in the thiamine pyrophosphate group with low oxidant levels and high antioxidant levels. In the thiamine and control groups, the 8-OHdG/dG rate was 1.48±0.35 pmol/L (P>0.05) and 0.55±0.1 pmol/L (P<0.0001). Thiamine pyrophosphate significantly decreased blood AST, ALT and LDH, but methotrexate and thiamine did not decrease the blood levels of AST, ALT and LDH. Histopathologically, although centrilobular necrosis, apoptotic bodies and inflammation were monitored in the methotrexate group, the findings in the thiamine pyrophosphate group were almost the same as in the control group. Conclusions: Thiamine pyrophosphate was found to be effective in methotrexate hepatotoxicity, but thiamine was ineffective. © Med Sci Monit, 2012