SOSYAL MÜHENDİSLİK İLE YAPILAN SALDIRILARININ DOĞAL DİL İŞLEME TEKNİKLERİ İLE ENGELLENMESİNE YÖNELİK WEB SERVİS GELİŞTİRİLMESİ

Siber korsanlar hedef sistemleri ele geçirme, geçici olarak servis dışı bırakma, tamamen kapatma, verileri silme gibi birçok farklı amaçlar için saldırılar düzenlemektedirler. Bu saldırılara çözüm olarak güvenlik duvarları, ağ izleme sistemleri vb. gibi birçok uygulamalar ile tedbirler alınmaya çalışılmaktadır. Günümüzde aslında belki bu saldırı yöntemlerinden çok daha etkili olan bir yöntem olarak kullanılan tekniklerden biride Sosyal Mühendisliktir. Sosyal mühendislik; insan ilişkilerini ve insanların dikkatsizliklerini kullanarak, ikna etme, etkileme, aldatma gibi faktörlerle sistem, kurum ya da kişiler hakkında sıradan yöntemlerle elde edilemeyecek bilgilerin ele geçirilmesi işlemidir. Bilişim sistemlerinin güvenlik problemlerinde aslında korunması en zor olan yöntemlerden biride budur. Klasik saldırı yöntemleri çeşitli güvenlik yazılımları ile bertaraf edilirken burada saldırı yapanda hedef olanda insanın kendisidir. Bu çalışmada tüm masaüstü ya da web tabanlı uygulamalar için kullanılabilecek bir web servis geliştirilmiştir. Bu web servis Doğal Dil İşleme teknikleriyle karşıdaki kişiyi tanımaya çalışır. Karşıdaki aslında görüştüğümüzü düşündüğümüz kişi değil ise, farklı amaçları var ise kullanıcı uyarılır. Bu sayede sistemlerde Sosyal Mühendislik ile yapılan saldırılara da önlem alınmış olur. Çalışma site içi mesajlaşma ve email ile mesajlaşma uygulamalarında başarıyla test edilmiş ve olumlu sonuçlar alınmıştır

How to Shape Attitudes Toward STEM Careers: The Search for the Most Impactful Extracurricular Clubs

It is well known that strong extracurricular STEM programs provide multiple arenas for students to expand on classroom curriculum, complementing STEM skills with creative thinking and open-ended problem solving. It has been shown that there is a relationship between the number of STEM clubs students participated in and their choice of STEM major (Sahin, 2013). Considering financial problems, including budget cuts, it gets really challenging for schools to provide a plethora of clubs. For this reason, it would be very beneficial for K–12 schools to know if certain clubs are more effective in changing attitudes toward STEM majors, and therefore help strengthen the pipeline for STEM careers. A quantitative study was designed to investigate if any specific STEM club amongst the ones offered at the Sonoran Schools (SS), a charter school system, created a significant difference in students’ perception toward STEM fields and majors. The data were collected through an online survey of 1,167 students across six charter schools, serving grades K–12 under the same charter system, at the end of the 2015 school year. Students who were not enrolled in STEM-related extracurricular activities were considered as a baseline. The data have shown that extracurricular STEM club involvement has significantly impacted the attitude toward STEM perception. The analysis of the data also showed that it is possible to close the notorious gender and ethnicity gaps in STEM perception and provide a diverse student population to the STEM pipeline. The hypothesis that ‘‘there is a range of impact from clubs, and some are more impactful than others’’ has been disproved to show that there is no significant difference between the clubs when it comes to their impact on student STEM perception. The findings of this study are expected to help K–12 stakeholders, administrators, club organizers, and mentors to use their resources effectively

Teaching Sustainability: Does Style Matter?

Purpose – This paper aims to analyze how a tangram activity improved students’ abilities to explain sustainability, articulate a positive perception of sustainable design and relate sustainability with innovation in engineering design. Design/methodology/approach – The concept of paradigm shift was introduced in the classroom by using a tangram activity to help students understand that sustainable design requires out-of-the-box thinking. Instructors from three institutions teaching various levels of sustainability courses to engineering majors used the activity to introduce sustainable design, then measured the understanding and appreciation of the concepts introduced through the tangram activity with pre- and post-activity surveys. Findings – Findings from the study indicate that students’ perceptions of sustainability significantly improved due to the activity, without regard to the institution. The activity also significantly improved students understanding of the connection between sustainability and innovation, across all three institutions, across all majors and across all years of study except second-year students. Improving engineering students’ views on sustainability may lead, over time, to changes in the industry, in which environmental performance is incorporated into the engineering design process. Originality/value – Active learning approaches are needed for affective-domain learning objectives in the sustainability field for students to learn the necessary attitudes, values and motivations to implemen

Evaluation of salivary stress markers and inflammatory cytokine levels in peri-implantitis patients.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Psychological stress has been identified in some observational studies as a potential factor that may modify and affect periodontal diseases, but there are no similar data for peri-implantitis. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, interferon (IFN)α inflammatory cytokines and the psychological stress-related markers, glucocorticoid receptor-α (GRα), and salivary α-amylase (sAA) gene expression levels in saliva samples obtained from healthy implants and peri-implantitis patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included a total of 50 systemically healthy subjects. Peri-implant clinical parameters were recorded and psychological stress level was evaluated with the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HAD) and state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) questionnaire forms. Following the evaluations, the patients were divided into 4 groups according their stress and clinical status (Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb). IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IFNα, GRα, sAA gene expression levels in the saliva samples were quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). RESULTS In the group of peri-implantitis who had a high score in stress level assessment scales, significantly higher IL-1β, IL-6, sAA expression levels were observed (p < 0.001). The IL-10 gene expression levels were lower in the groups with a high score in the stress level assessment scales (p < 0.001). GRα gene was expressed at lower levels in the group of peri-implantitis who had a high score in stress level assessment scales but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.065). CONCLUSION The study findings suggest that psychological stress may increase the inflammation associated with peri-implantitis by affecting cytokine expression levels. CLINICAL RELEVANCE To prevent peri-implantitis or reduce its prevalence, it could be beneficial to evaluate stress levels and identify individuals experiencing stress

ELASTICSEARCH YÜK DENGELEME İŞLEMİNİN MANUEL YAPILANDIRILMASI ve PERFORMANS ÖLÇÜMÜ İÇİN YAZILIM GELİŞTİRİLMESİ

Geleneksel yöntemlerle işlenemeyen, saklanamayan devasa büyüklükteki bilgilerin oluşturduğu veri yığınına Big Data (Büyük Veri) denmektedir. Gün geçtikçe daha popüler hala gelen bu kavram, beraberinde bu verileri işleyebilecek araçların gereksinimini de ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu büyük veri yığınını analizi ve saklanması için kullanılan araçlardan biri de Elasticsearchtür. Elasticsearch Java ile geliştirilmiş, açık kaynak kodlu lucene tabanlı bir içerik analizi ve arama motorudur. Elasticsearch yapısı itibariyle dağıtık mimaride çalışabilen bir yazılımdır. Verileri aynı index içinde farklı shardlarda, aynı disk içinde farklı klasörlerde, aynı bilgisayar içerisinde farklı disklerde, aynı ağ içerisinde farklı sunucularda barındırabilir. Tüm bu seçenekler kullanıcıların ihtiyaçlarına göre şekillendirilebilir. Elasticsearch düğümü çalıştığı anda içinde bulunduğu kümede tüm indexler için aktif bir rol üstlenir. Diğer düğümlerle haberleşir ve yük dağılımı yapılmaya başlanır. Bu yük dağılımı normal şartlarda, düğüm üzerine düşen yükü parçalayarak performans artırmayı hedeflemektedir. Ancak elasticsearch tarafından otomatik olarak yapılan bu yük dağılımı her zaman performans artırıcı etkiler oluşturmayabilir. Yapılan bu çalışmada geliştirilen yazılım ile Elasticsearch düğümleri üzerindeki yük takip edilebilmekte ve manuel yapılandırılmasına olanak sağlayabilmektedir. Kullanıcıların düğüm kaynaklarının kullanım oranlarını görebileceği, indexlere ait shardları manuel dağıtabileceği, otomatik shard tahsisini açıp kapatabileceği ve tüm bu yapılandırmaların verimliliğini test edebileceği bir yazılım geliştirilmiştir

AN EMPRICAL POINT ERROR MODEL FOR TLS DERIVED POINT CLOUDS

23rd Congress of the International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing (ISPRS) -- JUL 12-19, 2016 -- Prague, CZECH REPUBLICWOS: 000392739800080The random error pattern of point clouds has significant effect on the quality of final 3D model. The magnitude and distribution of random errors should be modelled numerically. This work aims at developing such an anisotropic point error model, specifically for the terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) acquired 3D point clouds. A priori precisions of basic TLS observations, which are the range, horizontal angle and vertical angle, are determined by predefined and practical measurement configurations, performed at real-world test environments. A priori precision of horizontal (sigma(theta)) and vertical (sigma(alpha)) angles are constant for each point of a data set, and can directly be determined through the repetitive scanning of the same environment. In our practical tests, precisions of the horizontal and vertical angles were found as sigma(theta) = +/- 36.6(cc) and sigma(alpha) = +/- 17.8(cc) respectively. On the other hand, a priori precision of the range observation (sigma(rho)) is assumed to be a function of range, incidence angle of the incoming laser ray, and reflectivity of object surface. Hence, it is a variable, and computed for each point individually by employing an empirically developed formula varying as alpha(rho) = +/- 2-12.... for a FARO Focus X330 laser scanner. This procedure was followed by the computation of error ellipsoids of each point using the law of variance-covariance propagation. The direction and size of the error ellipsoids were computed by the principal components transformation. The usability and feasibility of the model was investigated in real world scenarios. These investigations validated the suitability and practicality of the proposed method.Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote SensingTUBITAK - The Scientific and Technological Research Council of TurkeyTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [115Y239]; Scientific Research Projects of Bulent Ecevit University [2015-47912266-01]This research was funded by TUBITAK - The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Project ID: 115Y239) and by the Scientific Research Projects of Bulent Ecevit University (Project ID: 2015-47912266-01)

A Generic Point Error Model for TLS Derived Point Clouds

Conference on Videometrics, Range Imaging, and Applications XIV -- JUN 26-27, 2017 -- Munich, GERMANYWOS: 000412830800014This work aims at developing a generic and anisotropic point error model, which is capable of computing magnitude and direction of a priori random errors, described in the form of error ellipsoids for each individual point of the cloud. The direct TLS observations are the range (rho), vertical (alpha) and horizontal (theta) angles, each of which is in fact associated with a priori precision value. A practical methodology was designed and performed in real-world test environments to determine these precision values. The methodology has two experimental parts. The first part is a static and repetitive measurement configuration for the determination of a priori precisions of the vertical (sigma(alpha)) and horizontal (sigma(theta)) angles. The second part is the measurement of a test stand which contains four plates in white, light grey, dark grey and black colors, for the determination of a priori precisions of the range observations (sigma(rho)). The test stand measurement is performed in a recursive manner so that sensor-to-object distance, incidence angle and surface reflectivity are parameterized. The experiment was conducted with three TLSs, namely Faro Focus 3D X330, Riegl VZ400 and Z+F 5010x in the same location and atmospheric conditions. This procedure was followed by the computation of error ellipsoids of each point using the law of variance-covariance propagation. The direction and size of the error ellipsoids were computed by the principal components transformation. Validation of the proposed error model was performed in real world scenarios, which revealed feasibility of the model.SPIETUBITAK - The Scientific and Technological Research Council of TurkeyTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [115Y239]; Scientific Research Projects of Bulent Ecevit University [2015-47912266-01]This research was funded by TUBITAK - The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Project ID: 115Y239) and by the Scientific Research Projects of Bulent Ecevit University (Project ID: 2015-47912266-01)

Pesticide use among greenhouse workers in Turkey

Pesticides are chemicals use of which has increased worldwide since the Second World War in order to improve the quality and the quantity of agricultural products. Their harmful effects on the environment and the human health have also been seen as usage increases. Although there have been studies about the harmful effects of pesticides on human health in the developing countries, there is limited data about the use of pesticides in Turkey. The aim of our study was to obtain data about the use of pesticides in greenhouse in Turkey. About 131 greenhouse workers were interviewed with within the province of Izmir: 63.8% graduated from primary school; 49.2% were living in region where the greenhouses were located; 46.2% were working in their own greenhouses; 42.3% had health insurance; 86.9% used pesticides and 59.3% did not take protective cautions during use pesticide. The application technique, location, amount, time or any other required information of the pesticides used have not been recorded by the greenhouse workers. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. and AFP. All rights reserved

Ultrawide-bandwidth on-chip spectrometer design using band-pass filters

Here, we present the design and simulation of an ultrawide-bandwidth on-chip spectrometer that can be used in various applications, e.g. spectral tissue sensing. It covers 1200 nm wavelength range (400 nm-1600 nm) with 2 nm spectral resolution. The overall design size is only 3 × 3 cm2. The ultra-wide spectral range is made possible by using novel on-chip band-pass filters for the coarse wavelength division. The fine resolution is provided by the arrayed waveguide gratings. The band-pass filter is formed by using bend waveguides and adiabatic full-couplers. The additional loss caused by the band-pass filter is relatively small. The proposed spectrometer covers entire 400 nm-1600 nm range continuously with low crosstalk values. We envision that this design can be used in several different applications including food safety, agriculture, industrial inspection, optical imaging, and biomedical research