On Legendrian Embbeddings into Open Book Decompositions

We study Legendrian embeddings of a compact Legendrian submanifold $L$ sitting in a closed contact manifold $(M,\xi)$ whose contact structure is supported by a (contact) open book $\mathcal{OB}$ on $M$. We prove that if $\mathcal{OB}$ has Weinstein pages, then there exist a contact structure $\xi'$ on $M$, isotopic to $\xi$ and supported by $\mathcal{OB}$, and a contactomorphism $f:(M,\xi) \to (M,\xi')$ such that the image $f(L)$ of any such submanifold can be Legendrian isotoped so that it becomes disjoint from the closure of a page of $\mathcal{OB}$.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures. Major corrections made. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1003.220

Use of a biopolymer for road pavement subgrade

This paper presents an extensive series of laboratory works and a prediction model on the design of a road pavement subgrade with Xanthan Gum (XG) biopolymer. The experimental works were carried out using mixtures of conventional aggregate for road pavement construction and XG at the ratios of 0%, 1%, 2%, and 5%, by dry weight. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and California bearing ratio (CBR) tests were conducted during the experimental works at the end of the various curing periods (4, 8, 16, and 32 days). An example of an improvement in the UCS values for a specimen with 5% XG addition tested at the end of 4-daycuring yields about a 200% increment by the end of a 32-daycuring. The CBR values of clean aggregates were found to be increased by about 300% by 5% XG addition for all curing periods applied. Furthermore, the energy absorption capacity of the aggregates was observed to be increased significantly by both XG inclusion and curing period. Moreover, scaled conjugate gradient (SCG) training algorithm-based models developed for the prediction of CBR and UCS test results displayed a very high estimation performance with the regression coefficients of R-2 = 0.967 and R-2 = 0.987, respectively. Evidently, XG biopolymer is provably of use as an alternative inclusion in road pavement subgrades constructed with conventional aggregates

Actinomyces-induced inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the colon: A rare cause of an abdominal mass Akbulut et al. inflammatory myofibroblastictumor due to actinomyces spp

AbstractIntroductionInflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMFTs) are neoplastic lesions that are either benign or have low-grade malignancy potential. Although the etiopathogenesis is not entirely clear, many factors play a role in their development, including trauma, autoimmune disorders, and infectious and inflammatory processes. However, IMFTs caused by Actinomyces spp. infection are rare, with a limited number of cases reported in the literature.Presentation of caseA 30-year-old woman was admitted to our clinic with abdominal pain and a palpable abdominal mass. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed a tumoral lesion (11×10×7cm) in the right colon. A right hemicolectomy and ileocolic anastomosis were performed, during which almost complete obstruction of the lumen by the 7.5×7.0×5.0cm tumor was observed. Histopathology and immunohistochemical findings revealed that the tumor was consistent with an IMFT that developed from an Actinomyces infection. The patient was then placed on amoxicillin and doxycycline therapy.ConclusionThis case demonstrates that the development of IMFT secondary to actinomycosis is difficult to predict in the preoperative period. Once an exact diagnosis is confirmed by histopathologic examination, affected patients should receive prolonged antibiotherapy

Vpliv oblike in velikosti zrn peskov na hidravlično prepustnost

This study aims to investigate the effects of some physical properties of sands (e.g., size and shape) on the hydraulic conductivity (k). The paper presents the results of an extensive series of experimental investigations performed using sands with different sizes and particle shapes. Three different particle size ranges (0.60- 1.18 mm, 1.18- 2.00 mm, and 0.075- 2.00 mm) of sands (i. Crushed Stone Sand, CSSii. Trakya Sand, TSiii. Narli Sand, NSiv. Fly Ash Pellets, FAPv. Leighton Buzzard Sand, LBS) having distinct shapes, including roundness, R, and sphericity, S (Ri=0.15, Si=0.55Rii=0.43, Sii=0.67Riii=0.72, Siii=0.79Riv=0.65, Siv=0.89Rv=0.78 Sv=0.65) were tested in a constant-head permeability testing apparatus at a relative density (Dr) of about 35% and constant room temperature (20°C). The experimental results showed that the sands having different shapes (R, S) with the same size and gradation characteristics (cc , cu , D10 , D30 , D50 , D60) result in different k values. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images indicate the physical differences/similarities among the sands used during this investigation. A comparative study of the tests results and the estimated hydraulic conductivity values using empirical equations previously developed for the hydraulic conductivity prediction of soils by certain researchers are presented.Cilj pričujoče študije je preiskati vpliv nekaterih fizikalnih lastnosti peskov (npr., velikost, oblika) na hidravlično prepustnost (k). Članek prikazuje rezultate obsežnih eksperimentalnih preiskav izvedenih z uporabo zrn peskov različnih velikosti in oblik. Preiskana so bila tri različna območja velikosti zrn (0.60 mm - 1.18 mm, 1.18 mm - 2.00 mm in 0.075 mm - 2.00 mm) peskov (i. drobljeni kamniti pesek, CSSii. pesek Trakya, TSiii. pesek Narli, NSiv. peleti elektrofiltrskega pepela, FAPv. pesek Leighton Buzzard, LBS) z različnimi oblikami, vključno z okroglostjo, R, in sferičnostjo, S (Ri=0.15, Si=0.55Rii=0.43, Sii=0.67Riii=0.72, Siii=0.79Riv=0.65, Siv=0.89Rv=0.78 Sv=0.65) v aparatu za določitev koeficienta prepustnosti s konstantno hidravlično višino pri relativni gostoti (Dr) okoli 35% in konstantno temperaturo prostora (20°C). Eksperimentalni rezultati so pokazali, da imajo peski z različnimi oblikami zrn (R, S) in enakih velikosti zrn ter granulometrije (cc , cu , D10 , D30 , D50 , D60) različne vrednosti koeficientov hidravlične prepustnosti k. Fotografije posnete z vrstičnim elektronskim mikroskopom (Scanning Electron Microscope - SEM) kažejo fizikalne razlike / podobnosti med peski, ki so bili uporabljeni v tej preiskavi. Predstavljena je tudi primerjalna študija rezultatov preskusov in ocenjenih vrednosti hidravličnih prepustnosti z uporabo empiričnih enačb nekaterih raziskovalcev razvitih za oceno hidravlične prepustnosti tal

Effects of the particle shape and size of sands on the hydraulic conductivity

This study aims to investigate the effects of some physical properties of sands (e.g., size and shape) on the hydraulic conductivity (k). The paper presents the results of an extensive series of experimental investigations performed using sands with different sizes and particle shapes. Three different particle size ranges (0.60-1.18 mm, 1.18-2.00 mm, and 0.075-2.00 mm) of sands (i. Crushed Stone Sand, CSS; ii. Trakya Sand, TS; iii. Narli Sand, NS; iv. Fly Ash Pellets, FAP; v. Leighton Buzzard Sand, LBS) having distinct shapes, including roundness, R, and sphericity, S (R-i=0.15, S-i=0.55; R-ii=0.43, S-ii=0.67; S-iii=0.79; R-iv=0.65, S-iv=0.89; R-v=0.78 S-v=0.65) were tested in a constant-head permeability testing apparatus at a relative density (Dr) of about 35% and constant room temperature (20 degrees C). The experimental results showed that the sands having different shapes (R, S) with the same size and gradation characteristics (c(c), c(u), D-10, D-30, D-50, D-60) result in different k values. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images indicate the physical differences/similarities among the sands used during this investigation. A comparative study of the tests results and the estimated hydraulic conductivity values using empirical equations previously developed for the hydraulic conductivity prediction of soils by certain researchers are presented

Evaluation of actual and estimated hydraulic conductivity of sands with different gradation and shape

Hydraulic conductivities of sands with different gradation and grain shape were estimated experimentally at a relative density (D-r) of about 40 % and a 22 +/- 2 degrees C of constant temperature. Narli Sand (NS) with 0.67 of sphericity (S) and 0.72 of roundness (R), and Crushed Stone Sand (CSS) with 0.55 of S and 0.15 of R values were artificially graded into sixteen different grain-size fractions (4.75-2,2-1.18, 1.18-0.6, 0.6-0.425, 0.425-0.3, 0.3-0.075, 4.75-0.075,2-0.075, 1.18-0.075, 0.6-0.075, 0.425-0.075, 4.75-0.6, 2- 0.6, 4.75- 0.425, 2- 0.425, 1.18- 0.425 mm). Hydraulic conductivities of the NS estimated by use of constant head test ranged from 1.61 to 0.01 cm/s, whilst those of the CSS estimated by the same test ranged from 2.45 to 0.012 cm/ s. It was observed that the hydraulic conductivity values of the NS are lower than those of the CSS samples, which is likely to be the result of differences in shape, particularly in R values. The results clearly demonstrated that the hydraulic conductivity can be significantly influenced by grading characteristics ( d(10), d(20), d(30), d(50), d(60), c(u), c(C), n, I-O). Furthermore, comparisons between results obtained in the present study and hydraulic conductivity estimated with other formulas available in the literature were made. The comparisons indicated that the best estimation of hydraulic conductivity changes based on the gradation and shape properties of the sands tested