BIPLOT ANALYSIS OF LEAF RUST RESISTANCE IN PURE LINES SELECTED FROM EASTERN ANATOLIAN BREAD WHEAT LANDRACES OF TURKEY

WOS: 000418419700009The present research was conducted to determine the reactions of 42 pure lines selected from bread wheat landraces of Eastern Anatolia, Turkey, against the leaf rust (Puccinia triticina) disease under field conditions across 7 environments. G (Genotype), GE (Genotype Environment) biplot analysis method was used to determine the reactions of landraces against leaf rust disease. GGE-biplot graph created to assess leaf rust disease was explained a 78.12% of total variation. While E3 and E2 constituted the first and second mega environments respectively, the other four environments constituted the third and fourth mega environments. The lowest PC1 values and PC2 values close to 0.0 explaining the resistance of pure lines to leaf rust at best in the biplot. Reactions of landraces varied based on their distance from the Average Environment Axis (AEA). While the pure lines with the same or similar reactions in 7 experimental environments fell close to the axis, ones with different reactions in one or more environments were relatively distant. The pure lines of EA15 and EA19 were identified as the most resistant and stable genotypes in all environments when EA42 and EA41 were the most susceptible/stable genotypes in all environments. Pure lines that were resistant or moderately resistant at all seven tested environments should be useful for breeding wheat cultivars with resistance to leaf rust in Turkey.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [111O255]; TUBITAKTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK)This research was funded by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK, project number 111O255). The authors thank TUBITAK for their financial support

Evaluating leaf rust reactions of pure bread wheat landrace lines using non-parametric statistics

This research aims to assess genotype × environment interactions (G × E) of the leaf rust (Puccinia triticina) reactions of 29 Turkish landrace-derived pure lines over seven environments. Field experiments were conducted in Çanakkale, Edirne and Samsun (Turkey) in three consecutive growing seasons from 2011-2012 to 2013–2014 under natural conditions. Leaf rust reactions of genotypes were recorded in accordance with the Modified Cobb scale. Genotype stabilities assessed by non-parametric stability statistics. Furthermore, a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) biplot of non- parametric stability statistics were used to compare their capability for capturing both stability and leaf rust reactions of genotypes in the given dataset. PCA Biplot results showed that non-parametric parameters of Thennarasu and Percentage Availability (PA) showed a positive association with mean disease severity while Rank Means (RM) were negatively associated. Non-parametric stability analyses revealed that Genotypes 29, 25 and 15 were the most stable pure lines when only 25 and 15 could be considered as resistant-stable. In order to determine both stability and leaf rust resistance in bread wheat, PA and RM are recommended. © 2020, Springer Nature B.V

Towards real-time human behavior understanding: A suboptimal shape descriptor

Bu çalışmada insan davranışı anlama (İDA) probleminin çözümünde kullanılmak üzere özgün optimal ve optimal-altı şekil tanımlayıcıları önerilmiştir. Bu şekilde en az veri kullanımıyla en fazla davranış bilgisini sınıflandırabilmek amaçlanmıştır. Optimal şekil tanımlayıcısı başarısı yüksek olmakla beraber algoritmik karmaşıklığı yüksek olduğu için oldukça yavaş çalışmaktadır. Bu sorunu gidermek için daha hızlı çalışan bir optimal-altı tanımlayıcı önerilmiştir. Optimal-altı tanımlayıcının başarısı optimal tanımlayıcıya çok yakın olmakla beraber çok daha düşük algoritmik karmaşıklığa sahip olup çok daha hızlıdır. Sonuçlar Weizmann veri setinde denenmiş ve şekiller ve video bağlantıları ile gösterilmiştir. Veri setinden elde edilen siluet görüntü akışlarından 12 adet istatistiksel öznitelik çıkarılıp sınıflandırmada kullanılmıştır. Sınıflandırmada kullanılan Öklid uzaklığı yöntemi sayesinde oldukça hızlı sonuçlar üretilerek %92 doğruluk oranına ulaşılmıştır.In this study, two novel shape descriptors are proposed to be used in human behavior understanding problem. First is optimal shape descriptor, which has high performance but works very slow due to high algorithmic complexity. Second is suboptimal shape descriptor, performance of which is very close to optimal one, but works much more faster. Optimal means using minimum data to represent maximum knowledge. Algorithms are run on Weizmann dataset and results are shown both as figure and video link. Classification was performed using 12 statistical features extracted from the data sets' human silhouettes. An accuracy rating of 92 percent was obtained by using Euclidean distance in classification

How much do we know about the venous thromboembolism? The approach of turkish plastic surgeons to the venous thromboembolism prophylaxis and preferred methods in prophylaxis: A survey study

Giriş: Derin ven trombozu (DVT) ve pulmoner emboli (PE) diğer cerrahi branşlarda olduğu gibi günümüz Plastik Rekonstrüktif ve Estetik cerrahi operasyonlarında da hastalar için önemli bir mortalite ve morbidite nedenidir. Bu çalışmada, Türk Plastik Cerrahların Venöz tromboemboli (VTE) farkındalık düzeyini belirlemek, uygulamakta oldukları VTE proflaksi protokolleri hakkında bilgi edinmek, ülkemizdeki VTE risk faktörlerinin sıklığını belirlenmesi amaçlarıyla uygulanan VTE anketinin sonuçlarının sunulması ve verilerin literatür ile karşılaştırılması amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamızda, Plastik Cerrahi prosedürlerine yönelik DVT ile ilgili 7 sorudan ve 2 sayfadan oluşan bir anket hazırlandı. Bu anket formu basılı ve elektronik olarak hazırlanarak, Türk Plastik Rekonstrüktif ve Estetik Cerrahi Derneğinin düzenlediği iki kongrede Türkiye’de çalışan Plastik Cerrahi uzman hekimlerine sunuldu. Ayrıca, anketin elektronik formatı, derneğin forum sayfası üzerinden Plastik Cerrahlara ulaştırılarak sonuçlar e-posta üzerinden toplandı. Bulgular: 57 elektronik, 42 basılı olmak üzere toplam 99 anket değerlendirildi. Anket sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesinde, katılımcıların % 90’in DVT proflaksi uyguladığı, %10 ise uygulamadığı saptandı. Katılımcıların %94’ü preoperatif risk faktörlerini tüm hastaları için sorgularken, %6’sı risk faktörü sorgulaması yapmamaktaydı. Risk grubu sorgulayan cerrahların, en sık karşılaştıkları risk faktörü 93% oranıyla geçirilmiş DVT hikayesi olarak saptanmıştır. Sonuç: VTE‘ye bağlı mortalilite ve morbidite oranlarının azaltılmasında en etkili ve ucuz yöntemin proflaksi olduğunu unutulmamalıdır. Bu bakımdan ülkemiz Plastik cerrahi hasta populasyonuna ait risk faktörlerinin ve toplumdaki edinsel ya da konjenital hiperkoagulabilite oranlarının belirlenmesi ile VTE profilaksisi konusunda kendi branşımıza ait bir protokol oluşturulması gerektiğini düşünmekteyiz.Introduction: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) are important causes of morbidity and mortality for patients undergoing Plastic Surgical operations. In this study we evaluated the results of the survey which is prepared to identify the level of the consciousness about the venous thromboembolism (VTE) of the Turkish Plastic Surgeons. On the basis of this survey we also aimed to define the risk factors for VTE and the preferred methods for VTE prophylaxis. We also compared the results of this survey with the literature. Material and Methods: We prepared a survey composed of 2 pages and 7 questions, regarding the Plastic Surgical operations and VTE. The printed forms of this survey were distributed to the Turkish plastic surgeons in two national congresses of the Turkish Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. The electronic forms were distributed through the web page of the Society and the results were collected via e-mails. Results: The study included 99 surveys (57 electronic and 42 printed). Ninety percent of the participants were administering DVT prophylaxis. Ninety four percent of the participants were evaluating the risk factors for VTE before administering VTE prophylaxis. Conclusion: The easiest and the cheapest way to prevent the morbidity and mortality due to VTE is prophylaxis. It is necessary to find out the risk factors for the Plastic Surgical operations. It is also necessary to create a Plastic Surgery specific protocol for VTE prophylaxis

CD4(+) T cells of myasthenia gravis patients are characterized by ıncreased IL-21, IL-4, and IL-17A productions and higher presence of PD-1 and ICOS

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease mediated by autoantibodies predominantly against the acetylcholine receptor (AChR). Specific T cell subsets are required for long-term antibody responses, and cytokines secreted mainly from CD4(+) T cells regulate B cell antibody production. The aim of this study was to assess the differences in the cytokine expressions of CD4(+) T cells in MG patients with AChR antibodies (AChR-MG) and the effect of immunosuppressive (IS) therapy on cytokine activity and to test these findings also in MG patients without detectable antibodies (SN-MG). Clinically diagnosed AChR-MG and SN-MG patients were included. The AChR-MG patients were grouped as IS-positive and -negative and compared with age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were used for ex vivo intracellular cytokine production, and subsets of CD4(+) T cells and circulating follicular helper T (cTfh) cells were detected phenotypically by the expression of the chemokine and the costimulatory receptors. Thymocytes obtained from patients who had thymectomy were also analyzed. IL-21, IL-4, IL-10, and IL-17A productions in CD4(+) T cells were increased in AChR-MG compared to those in healthy controls. IS treatment enhanced IL-10 and reduced IFN-gamma production in AChR-MG patients compared to those in IS-negative patients. Increased IL-21 and IL-4 productions were also demonstrated in SN-MG patients. Among CD4(+) T cells, Th17 cells were increased in both disease subgroups. Treatment induced higher proportions of Th2 cells in AChR-MG patients. Both CXCR5(+) and CXCR5(-) CD4(+) T cells expressed higher programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and inducible costimulatory (ICOS) in AChR-MG and SN-MG groups, mostly irrespective of the treatment. Based on chemokine receptors on CXCR5(+)PD-1(+) in CD4(+) T (cTfh) cells, in AChR-MG patients without treatment, the proportions of Tfh17 cells were higher than those in the treated group, whereas the Tfh1 cells were decreased compared with those in the controls. The relevance of CXCR5 and PD-1 in the pathogenesis of AChR-MG was also suggested by the increased presence of these molecules on mature CD4 single-positive thymocytes from the thymic samples. The study provides further evidence for the importance of IL-21, IL-17A, IL-4, and IL-10 in AChR-MG. Disease-related CD4(+)T cells are identified mainly as PD-1(+) or ICOS+ with or without CXCR5, resembling cTfh cells in the circulation or probably in the thymus. AChR-MG and SN-MG seem to have some similar characteristics. IS treatment has distinctive effects on cytokine expression.Istanbul Universit

Histologic and biomechanical evaluation of the effects of social stress and the antidepressant fluoxetine on tendon healing in rats

WOS: 000410008900010PubMed ID: 26578832Impaired wound healing in humans under psychological stress and the positive effects of antidepressant drugs on wound healing were also shown in the literature. However, there are currently no studies regarding the effects of antidepressant drugs on tendon healing. The aim of this study was to compare tendon healing under normal conditions versus social stress. We also aimed to perform a histological and biomechanical analysis of the effects of the antidepressant drug fluoxetine on tendon healing. Sixty Sprague Dawley rats were divided into six groups. A social stress regimen was used to stress the rats. The use of fluoxetine in the social stress group yielded significantly better biomechanical results and the collagen organizations of the fluoxetine group were more similar to the normal tendon collagen organization. Fluoxetine seems to inhibit the negative effects of stress on tendon healing and seems to improve tendon healing

A new and practical instrument for antihelix scoring: Gillies skin hook

WOS: 000413898700013The patient was presented with prominent ear on the right side unilaterally. Operation was planned beyond written informed consent were taken from patient. He was 23 years old. On the physical examination, we observed underdeveloped antihelical fold and prominent concha. The helix to mastoid distance was measured 25 mm in the upper third, 30 mm in the middle third at its widest point and 22 mm in the lower third. The concha was deep and conchamastoid angle was increased and measuring 80°. The concha scaphal angle was 125°. We used Furnas conchal-mastoid sutures and Mustardé scapha-conchal sutures in the operation. The cartilage was firm and to break strength for reshaping and forming the anti-helical fold, we scored antihelix with Gillies skin hook (Figure 1)