TEKNIK PENERJEMAHAN CERPEN《蒲公英海的狐狸》(RUBAH DI LAUTAN DANDELION) DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA PADA GAME GENSHIN IMPACT

Abstrak Kesepadanan dalam dunia penerjemahan adalah hal yang diutamakan karena dapat mempengaruhi hasil penerjemahan yang akan diterima oleh pembaca. Dengan demikian penerjemah perlu menggunakan teknik-teknik penerjemahan agar mendapatkan padanan yang akurat ataupun mendekati tentang apa yang ingin disampaikan oleh penulis. Kajian dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik penerjemahan yang digunakan penerjemah guna menerjemahkan cerpen dalam game GENSHIN IMPACT yang berjudul 《蒲公英海的狐狸》“Púgōngyīng hǎi de húlí” (rubah di lautan dandelion) ke dalam bahasa Indonesia dengan menggunakan teori penerjemahan Molina dan Albir. Peneliti juga menggunakan teori ideologi penerjemahan Hoed untuk menganalisis ideologi penerjemahan berdasarkan hasil analisis teknik penerjemahan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu 1) Mendeskripsikan teknik penerjemahan cerpen dalam game GENSHIN IMPACT yang berjudul《蒲公英海的狐狸》“Púgōngyīng hǎi de húlí” (rubah di lautan dandelion) dalam bahasa Indonesia. 2) Mendeskripsikan ideologi penerjemahan yang dominan pada cerpen dalam game GENSHIN IMPACT yang berjudul《蒲公英海的狐狸》“Púgōngyīng hǎi de húlí” (rubah di lautan dandelion) dalam bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian berikut menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Dan data yang digunakan adalah teks terjemahan cerpen Rubah di Lautan Dandelion dalam bahasa Indonesia yang terdiri atas kata, frasa maupun kalimat dalam cerpen tersebut. Teknik yang digunakan peneliti adalah bebas libas cakap dan teknik catat. Proses analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis data kualitatif model Miles dan Huberman yang terdiri dari reduksi kata, display data dan juga penarikan simpulan. Temuan teknik terjemahan yaitu dari keseluruhan data sebanyak 234 data dengan rincian masing-masing teknik sebagai berikut: Kesepadanan Lazim 43 data, Amplifikasi 31 data, Peminjaman 6 data, Eskripsi 7 data, Kompensasi 3 data, Kreasi Diskursif 4 data, Adaptasi 27 data, Generalisasi 1 data, Amplifikasi Linguistik 7 data, Kompresi Linguistik 1 data, Penerjemahan Literal 39 data, Variasi 3 data, Partikulasi 15 data, Reduksi 7 data, Subtitusi 8 data, Transposisi 10 data dan Modulasi 22 data. Dari semua data yang diteliti, data yang paling banyak muncul adalah Kesepadanan Lazim dengan jumlah 43 data atau 18,38% dari seluruh data. Sedangkan ideologi penerjemahan yang dominan adalah domestikasi dengan penerjemahan yang berorientasi terhadap teks sasaran. Kata Kunci: Teknik penerjemahan, ideologi penerjemahan, cerpen, Rubah di Lautan Dandelion

Diagnostic value of transvaginal 'tenderness-guided' ultrasonography for the prediction of location of deep endometriosis

BACKGROUND: The aim was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of transvaginal tenderness-guided ultrasonography in the identification of location of deep endometriosis. METHODS: Consecutive women scheduled for surgery in our Department for clinically suspected endometriosis were included in this prospective study. All women underwent modified transvaginal ultrasonography using a stand-off in the week before surgery, which also evaluated the painful sites evocated by a gentle pressure of the probe. Five locations of deep endometriosis were considered: vaginal walls, rectovaginal septum, rectosigmoid involvement, uterosacral ligaments and anterior compartment (anterior pouch and/or bladder). Sensitivity, specificity and likelihood ratios (LR1/2) were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: We included 88 women; surgery associated with histopathological evaluation revealed deep endometriosis in different pelvic locations in 72 patients. With respect to the vaginal walls, transvaginal ultrasonography had a sensitivity of 91% (95% CI, 79 –97%), specificity of 89% (95% CI, 81–93%), an LR1 of 8.2 and an LR2 of 0.09. For endometriosis of rectovaginal septum, transvaginal ultrasonography had a sensitivity of 74% (95% CI, 64–80%), specificity of 88% (95% CI, 4–8%), an LR1 of 6.2 and an LR2 of 0.3. For other locations, the sensitivity was lower (ranging from 67% to 33%) with a comparable specificity. CONCLUSIONS: This technique shows a high specificity and sensitivity in the detection of vaginal and rectovaginal endometriosis. Good specificity associated with a lower sensitivity was obtained in the diagnosis of deep endometriosis of uterosacral ligaments, rectosigmoid involvement or anterior deep endometriosis

Transvaginal ultrasound versus magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosing adenomyosis: A systematic review and head-to-head meta-analysis

Background: Transvaginal ultrasound (TVS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are used for the clinical diagnosis of adenomyosis. Objectives: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of TVS and MRI for the diagnosis of adenomyosis.Search Strategy: A search of studies was performed in five databases comparing TVS and MRI for the diagnosis of adenomyosis from January 1990 to May 2022.Selection Criteria: Studies were eligible if they reported on the use of TVS and MRI in the same set of patients. The reference standard must be pathology (hysterectomy). Data Collection and Analysis: The quality of studies was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. Pooled sensitivity and specificity of both techniques were estimated and compared. Main Results: Six studies comprising 595 women were included. The risk of bias of patient selection was high in three studies. The risk of bias for index tests and reference test was low. Pooled estimated sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio for TVS were 75%, 81%, 3.9, and 0.31, respectively. These figures for MRI were 69%, 80%, 3.5, and 0.39, respectively. No statistically significant differences were found (p= 0.7509). Heterogeneity was high. Conclusions: MRI and TVS have similar performances for the diagnosis of adenomyosis

Diagnostic accuracy of transvaginal sonography for detecting parametrial involvement in women with deep endometriosis: systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of transvaginal sonography (TVS) for detecting parametrial deep endometriosis, using laparoscopy as the reference standard. Methods: A search was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE and Web of Science for studies evaluating TVS for detecting parametrial involvement in women with suspected deep endometriosis, as compared with laparoscopy, from January 2000 to December 2020. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) tool was used to evaluate the quality of the studies. Pooled sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative likelihood ratios for TVS in the detection of parametrial deep endometriosis were calculated, and the post-test probability of parametrial deep endometriosis following a positive or negative test was determined. Results: The search identified 134 citations. Four studies, comprising 560 patients, were included in the analysis. The mean prevalence of parametrial deep endometriosis at surgery was 18%. Overall, the pooled estimated sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative likelihood ratios of TVS in the detection of parametrial deep endometriosis were 31% (95% CI, 10–64%), 98% (95% CI, 95–99%), 18.5 (95% CI, 8.8–38.9) and 0.70 (95% CI, 0.46–1.06), respectively. The diagnostic odds ratio was 26 (95% CI, 10–68). Heterogeneity was high. Visualization of a lesion suspected to be parametrial deep endometriosis on TVS increased significantly the post-test probability of parametrial deep endometriosis. Conclusion: TVS has high specificity but low sensitivity for the detection of parametrial deep endometriosis. © 2021 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology