Hypohidrotic (anhidrotic) ectodermal dysplasia in female twins

Autosomal recessive hereditary ectodermal dysplasia (HED) has not been described in sub‑Saharan Africa. It is acknowledged to be rarer than the occasionally reported x‑linked and autosomal dominant variants. We report a pair of Nigerian female twins with family history and clinical features suggestive of recessive HED, thereby showing the existence of this rare form in sub‑Saharan Africa.Keywords: Anhidrotic, dysplasia, ectodermal, female, hypohidroticNigerian Journal of Clinical Practice •Jan-Mar 2012 • Vol 15 • Issue

Myositis Ossificans Circumscripta of the Supra-orbital Region: A Case Report

Myositis ossificans circumscripta is a pathological condition characterized by formation of bony tissue within the skeletal muscles following repeated trauma. A case of myositis ossificans circumscripta of thesupra-orbital region in a 25-year-old man is presented and the pertinent literature is reviewed. To the best our knowledge this benign lesion has not been reported previously in the orbital region the world literature. Clinically the patient presented with a swelling and proptosis of the right eye. Radiologically there was a rounded opacity with well defined margin. Lesion was initially misdiagnosed as a fibroosseous lesion; however microscopic examination indicated matured myositis ossificans. Lesion was excised via a bicoronal flap. Careful clinical, radiological and pathologic evaluation is required to make this uncommon diagnosis in an unusual location such as the supra-orbital region to avoid unnecessary surgical mutilation of the patien

Ameloblastic carcinoma: Report of a case

Ameloblastic carcinoma is a rare epithelial odontogenic tumour of the jaws which exhibits cytological features of ameloblastoma and carcinoma. A case of ameloblastic carcinoma in a 52 year old male is reported. Clinical / histological characteristics of this tumour and current knowledge on the classification of odontogenic malignancies are discussed. The importance of including ameloblastic carcinoma in the differential diagnosis of persistent jaw swellings associated with toothache or mobility of teeth or failure of healing of extraction sockets is emphasized. Nigerian Journal of Surgical Research Vol. 7(1&2) 2005: 222-22

Congenital bilateral fusion of the maxillomandibular alveolar processes with craniosynostosis: report ofa rare case

A rare congenital anomaly of maxillomandibular fusion with pectus excavatum and craniosynostosis in a neonate is presented. The child was kept alive by nasogastric tube feeding.Amodification of classification of syngnathia is proposed. The aetiopathogenesis and difficulty in management in our environment are discussed. Keywords: Bilateral; alveolar fusion; craniosynostosis; pectus excavatum Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice Vol. 11 (1) 2008: pp.78-8

Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour-case series from five Nigerian Teaching Hospital

Background: Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour (CEOT) also known as Pindborg’s tumour is a relatively rare odontogenic neoplasm of epithelial derivationthat constitutes about 0.4-3% of all intraosseous odontogenic tumours.Objectives: To document all cases of CEOT encountered in five tertiary centres in Nigeria and their clinical, radiologic and histologic characteristics.Design: A retrospective study.Setting: Tertiary Dental Facilities in Lagos, Ibadan, Ife, Port Harcourt and Zaria (all in Nigeria) were involved in the study.Subjects: All odontogenic tumours (OTs) in the period from 1970 -2014. Case file records and biopsy reports were retrieved from the records of the five Teaching Hospitals, to obtain age, gender, location, size, clinical symptoms, pathological reports and radiographic description.Results: Out of a total of 1369 OTs, 20 (1.5%) cases of CEOT were reported. CEOT had a male to female ratio of 1.9:1, with mandible: maxilla ratio of 1.5:1 and the most common location being the premolar /molar region in the mandible. Nine (45%) cases appeared radiolucent while 11(55%) cases had mixed radio density. The mean diameter for mixed radio-dense lesions (4.83±2.99) was higher than that for radiolucent lesions (2.75±1.17) and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.049).Conclusion: CEOT is a rare tumour representing 1.5% of OTs. CEOT presents with some subtle geographic differences in its demography, however, further studies are required to investigate if these differences are coincidental or genetically  determined

Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital

Twenty-six patients (12 males and 14 females) between two days and 41 years old with temporo-mandibular joint ankylosis were retrospectively reviewed. Thirty-three joints were involved; 19 unilateral and six bilateral. The aetiologies were trauma, 69.2%; infection, 15.4%; unknown, 11.5% and congenital, 3.9. The majority, 31 were intracapsular while the remaining two joints were extracapsular. 51.6% were limited to the condyle, 32.2% extended to the coronoid process and the zygomatic, 9.7% extended to the sigmoid notch while the remaining 6.5% had maxillomandibular fusion. Tracheostomy (48%) was the most common mode of intubation. Gap arthroplasty was carried out in 20 joints while 11 joints had interposition arthroplasty. Postoperative complications were seven anterior open bite, three facial nerve weakness, three infections and two recurrences. Keywords: Ankylosis, arthroplasty, tracheostomy, temporomandibular joint "Anquilosis de la Articulación Temporomandibular en un Hospital Docente de Nigeria" RESUMEN Veintiséis pacientes (12 varones y 14 hembras) entre dos días de nacidos y 41 años de edad que presentaban anquilosis de la articulación, fueron objeto de un examen retrospectivo. El examen abarcó el estudio de treinta y tres articulaciones – 19 unilaterales y seis bilaterales. Las etiologías fueron traumas (69.2%), infecciones (15.4%), causas desconocidas (11.5%) y causas congénitas (3.9%). La mayoría – 31 en total – fueron intracapsulares, en tanto que las otras dos restantes fueron extra-capsulares. El 51.6% estuvieron limitadas al cóndilo, 32.2% se extendían al proceso coronoides y el cigomático, 9.7% se extendían hasta la escotadura sigmoidea, mientras que el restante 6.5% presen-taba fusión maxilomandibular. La traqueotomía (48%) fue el modo de entubación más común. La artroplastia de intervalo se llevó a cabo en 20 articulaciones, mientras que 11 articulaciones tuvieron artroplastia de interposición. Las complicaciones post-operatorias fueron siete casos de mordida abierta anterior, tres casos de debilidad del nervio facial, tres infecciones, y dos recurrencias. Palabras claves: Anquilosis, artroplastia, traqueotomía, articulación temporomandibula

Report of six cases of metastatic jaw tumours in Nigerians

Background: Metastatic tumours make up approximately one per cent of all oral malignancies. Such tumours may present in the jawbones and oral soft tissues. The commonest oral site is the mandible. Nigerian reports of metastatic tumours to the jaws are very rare.Method: This is a retrospective study of six cases of metastatic tumours to the jaws seen at the Maxillofacial Unit, Ahmadu Bello University Hospital, Kaduna from1979-1998,representing 1% of all histologically confirmed malignant jaw tumours in the hospital.Results: Unlike in other reports, most (three of our six cases) originated from the thyroid gland while the rest were from the breast, uterus and the nasopharynx. More of our lesions occurred in the mandible (4) than the maxilla (2) and almost all patients presented with oral complaints oblivious of the primary malignancy. These complaints resemble those from odontogenic infections and benign neoplasms. The most common histological type of metastatic tumours in this study was the adenocarcinoma (50%).Conclusion: In view of the similarity in presentation of metastatic lesions to the jaws and other odontogenic tumours and even infections, a high index of clinical suspicion is advocated to ensure early, multidisciplinary care of patients

Minor salivary gland tumours in Kaduna, Nigeria

Objective: To determine the incidence, clinical presentation and management of minor salivary gland tumours at the Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria. Methods: Retrospective study of minor salivary gland tumours at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria. Results: The incidence of minor salivary gland tumours during a 15-year period was sixty-seven. There were 35 (52.45%) benign and 32 (42.76%) malignant tumours. Male: female ratio was 1.03:1. The commonest site was the palate. Majority of the patients were between the 3rd and 5th decades of life with duration of 2 weeks to 192 months. Surgical treatment was the commonest mode of treatment. The follow up period was poor with an overall recurrence rate of 4.48%. Conclusion: Minor salivary gland tumours are rare. Follow-up in this environment is poor. There is a need to educate the patients about the importance of early presentation and recall visits. Key Words: Salivary glands, minor, tumour, treatment Nigerian Journal of Surgical Research Vol.5(1&2) 2003: 100-10

Ameloblastic fibroma: Presentation and management at two Nigerian tertiary hospitals

Background: Ameloblastic fibroma (AMF) is a relatively uncommon neoplasm of odontogenic origin. Aim: To appraise the prevalence, presentation and management of AMF in two major tertiary hospitals in Nigeria. Methods: Histopathology records of the Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the two hospitals were reviewed and histologically confirmed cases of AMF seen over a 23- year period were selected. The case records of the selected cases were retrieved and the presentation and management of the disease were analyzed and discussed. Results: Seventeen cases of histologically confirmed AMF were seen over the period under study. The age range was 10 - 63 years and mean age of occurrence was 27.1 + 16  years, there was no sex predilection but the mandible was the commonest site of occurrence. Most cases were treated by conservative excision but some cases had more extensive resection. No tumour recurrence was observed over an average follow up period of 2 years. Conclusion: AMF with a prevalence of 3.1% in this study, remains a rare variety of odontogenic tumour and is amenable to conservative surgical excision preptrrrase. Large lesions may warrant more radical resection but recurrence is generally rare.   Key words: Ameloblastic, Fibroma, Presentation, Managemen