14 research outputs found
Ethnomedicinal Plants Used Against Diarrhea and Dysentery in Dir Kohistan Valley (NWFP), Pakistan
This paper enumerates the traditional uses of 34 plant species belonging to 26 families, that are used by the village communities of Dir Kohistan Valley (NWFP, Pakistan) for the treatment of diarrhea and dysentery diseases. Some of useful species are under serious threat due to unsustainable activities. Hence, a proper documentation of useful plants with their present status and local traditional knowledge as well as practices is urgently needed. Effort should also be initiated to implement appropriate conservation measures for preservation and sustainable uses of these useful species
Ethnomedicinal Plants Used Against Jaundice in Dir Kohistan Valleys (NWFP), Pakistan
The paper enumerates the traditional uses of 42 plant species belonging to 28 families, which are used by the village communities of Dir Kohistan Valleys, (NWFP, Pakistan) for the treatment jaundice. Asteraceae is the leading family with four species. It is followed by Malvaceae, Solanaceae and Rhamnaceae with three species each. Some of useful species are under serious threat due to unsustainable activities. Hence, a proper documentation of useful plants with their present status and local traditional knowledge as well as practices is urgently needed. Effort should also be initiated to implement appropriate conservation measures for preservation and sustainable uses of these useful species
Traditional Medicinal and Economic Uses of Gymnosperms of Dir Kohistan Valleys, NWFP, Pakistan
The ethnobotanical data of four families of gymnosperms with 11 species were collected from Dir Kohistan Valleys. These are Cupressaceae, Ephedraceae, Pinaceae and Taxaceae. A complete list of the plants is given with their name, family and ethnobotanical use, distribution and occurrence. Indigenous knowledge of local inhabitants about the use of native plants were collected during field trips through questionnaire. The inhabitants of the area have to use the medicinal plants for various purposes and have for a long time been dependent on surrounding plant resources for their food, shelter, fodderβs, health, care and other cultural purposes. Pinus roxburgii, P. wallichiana, Cedrus deodara, Abies pindrow and Taxus wallichiana are prominent gymnosperms of Dir Kohistan Valleys which are not only source of timber but also utilized as fuel wood and for medicinal purposes
Medicinal Value of the Asteraceae of Dir Kohistan Valley, NWFP, Pakistan
The present study deals with the local uses of 25 species belonging to 21 genera of the family Asteraceae. Dir Kohistan valley has diverse habitats for the growth of various medicinal plants. The local medicinal uses include painkiller, diuretic, febrifuges, carminative, anthelmintic, antiinflammatory, aphrodisiac, cardio tonic, tonic, stomachache, dyspepsia, jaundice, leprosy, cough, asthma, ulcers, vomiting etc. People have strong faith in herbal medication by ethnomedicinal plants and women are leading men in applying the recipe for medication by these plants. Some of useful species are under serious threat due to unsustainable activities. Hence, a proper documentation of useful plants with their present status and local traditional knowledge as well as practices is urgently needed. Effort should also be initiated to implement appropriate conservation measures for preservation and sustainable uses of these useful species
Chemical Profiling and Bioactivities of Selective Organic Compounds from Fruits of Olea ferruginea and its Comparison with Olea europaea
This study evaluate the chemical profiling and bioactivities of selective organic compounds from fruits of Olea ferruginea and its comparison with Olea europaea from three unexplored locations of Pakistan. The oil was characterized into fatty acids by GC-MS and FT-IR. Antioxidant activities were detected by DPPH, ABTS and HβOβ scavenging bioassays. For cytotoxicity, Brine-Shrimp-Cytotoxicity-Bioassay was tested. The extracted oil was checked against five bacterial strains. Higher quantity of phytochemicals and yields of oil were present in fruit of Olea ferruginea collected from Malakand as compared to other locations. Prominent inhibitory activity against E.coli and S.aureus was observed during antibacterial assay. Good quality oil with antioxidant properties obtained from fruit of Olea ferruginea from Malakand. The comparative studies revealed the same qualitative composition of both species but Olea europaea showed greater oil-yield than Olea ferruginea. In consequence, the wild species Olea ferruginea was found to be economical, wild and drought tolerant.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Development and Assessment of a Hybrid Breakwater-Integrated Wave Energy Converter
Harnessing and using marine renewable energy at seaports is a promising solution to put these energy-intensive infrastructures on the right track to energy self-sufficiency and environmental sustainability, reducing their carbon footprint. This paper presents a summary of the main conclusions and achievements of a recently concluded R&D project that encompassed the experimental study of an innovative hybrid wave energy converter integrated into a case-study rubble-mound breakwater in the Port of LeixΓ΅es, Portugal. It also describes the prospective studies planned in two ongoing projects, PORTOS β Ports Towards Energy Self-Sufficiency and WEC4Ports β A hybrid Wave Energy Converter for Ports, intended to further develop and assess this promising technology. It has been demonstrated that its wave-to-wire efficiency and annual energy production are 27.3% and 35.0 MWh/m per year, respectively, for the case-study location. Hence, a 240 m long device could provide more than half of the portβs electricity consumption, which vows for the deviceβs potential. Moreover, the impact of its integration into the case-study breakwater showed that it leads to a 50% reduction of overtopping discharges over the structure, and no significant effects on the structureβs wave reflection, although the stability of the toe berm blocks was negatively impacted. Overall, the conclusions obtained are favourable to the integration of this technology into rubble-mound breakwaters. Notwithstanding, further research is still needed, namely in terms of wave forces acting upon the structure, important for the assessment of the functional performance and lifecycle readiness of the technology, and the use of PTO control strategies. This is being addressed in PORTOS and WEC4Ports projects
Selection of parents for crossing based on genotyping and phenotyping for stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis) resistance and agronomic traits in bread wheat breeding
Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm consisting of 45 genotypes were clustered phenotypically using ten morphological traits and Area Under Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) as measure of stripe rust resistance. The clustering was ratified by using twenty three molecular markers (SSR, EST and STS) linked to stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) resistant QTLs. The aim was to asses the extent of genetic variability among the genotypes in order to select the parents for crossing between the resistant and susceptible genotypes with respect to stripe rust. The Euclidian dissimilarity values resulted from phenotypic data regarding morphological traits and AUDPC were used to construct a dendrogram for clustering the accessions. Using un-weighted pair group method with arithmetic means, another dendrogram resulted from the similarity coefficient values was used to distinguish the genotypes with respect to stripe rust. Clustering based on phenotypic data produced two major groups and five clusters (with Euclidian dissimilarity ranging from 2.44 to 16.16) whereas genotypic data yielded two major groups and four clusters (with percent similarity coefficient values ranging from 0.1 to 46.0) to separate the gene pool into highly resistant, resistant, moderately resistant, moderately susceptible and susceptible genotypes. With few exceptions, the outcome of both type of clustering was almost similar and resistant as well as susceptible genotypes came in the same clusters of molecular genotyping as yielded by phenotypic clustering. As a result seven genotypes (Bakhtawar-92, Frontana, Saleem 2000, Tatara, Inqilab-91, Fakhre Sarhad and Karwan) of diverse genetic background were selected for pyramiding stripe rust resistant genes as well as some other agronomic traits after hybridization.45 Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ (Triticum aestivum L.) Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈ Area Under Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΆΠ°Π²ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅. ΠΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ 23 ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² (SSR, EST and STS), ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Ρ QTL Π»ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΆΠ°Π²ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ AUDPC, Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ-Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅Π½Π΄ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ². Π‘ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅Π²Π·Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³Π°Ρ Π΄Π΅Π½Π΄ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ°, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΆΠ°Π²ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅. ΠΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°ΠΌ Π΄Π°Π»Π° Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π²Π΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ², Π² ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈ Π΄Π²Π΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅, ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅, ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅, ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΡ. ΠΠ° Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²: ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ. Π ΠΈΡΠΎΠ³Π΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² (Bakhtawar-92, Frontana, Saleem-2000, Tatara, Inqilab-91, Fakhre Sarhad and Karwan) Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΌ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΆΠ°Π²ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
Π°Π³ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ
The Changes of Theoretical Wave Power from Offshore to Coast in the South-western Black Sea
This study concentrates on the changes of theoretical wave power from offshore to coastal regions of south-western Black Sea. The investigation also offers a long-term (31-year) wave power quantification analysis between 1979 and 2009 using the SWAN version 41.01AB numerical wave model. The wave resource assessment is performed in terms of its seasonal and monthly variability of wave power, annual wave power directional distributions and the comparison of the maximum and median values of some important wave power parameters in the west of Istanbul a major city in Turkey that straddles Europe and Asia across the Bosphorus Strait. For this analysis, 10 point locations distributed on two perpendicular lines (KA and KE) to the coastline with five different depths (5, 25, 50, 75, and 100 m) in the areas of interest were selected. The data needed was extracted from the dataset produced by [1, 2] using a calibrated nested layered wave hindcast model SWAN forced with CFSR winds. The results show that the wave energy resource in the study area is high, and the potential locations can be considered for extracting wave electrical power
Dimensionless Normalized Wave Power in the Hot-spot Areas of the Black Sea
The main objective of this study is to identify and compare wave power sources in the high potential areas in nearshore and shallow water regions of the Black Sea. To achieve the goal, 23 locations were selected on two parallel lines around 5 m (10 sites) and around 25 m (13 sites) depth along the shoreline. The data needed to do the required analyzes at these locations were produced by using the calibrated nested layered 31-year wave hindcast SWAN model, which is operated between 1979-2009 with CFSR winds. The wave data were collected at a 2-hour time resolution for the sub-grid domains (SD3, SD2, and SD1) developed for the vicinity of Karaburun, Filyos, and Sinop coasts. HeaveBuoy, Oyster, Seabased AB, WaveDragon, WaveStar, Oyster2, and SSG, the most common known wave energy converters, were evaluated in the analysis. To ensure a more comprehensive analysis of the geographic variation of the predicted electrical power for each considered wave energy converter system, dimensionless normalized wave power and efficiency index were calculated separately for each wave energy converter devices at each location. From the results, it is recognized that generally, all the WEC systems performances are decreasing from Karaburun to Sinop while FB1 (13 m depth) the lowest, and KA2 (25 m depth) has the highest wave power capability. The most and the least energetic years were 1998 and 1989, repectively